Schwiebea | |
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Genus: | Schwiebea Oudemans, 1916 |
Schwiebea is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae. [1] It is among the largest in the family with over 60 species. [2]
Adults of Schwiebea are distinguished from other mites by: the absence of many setae, the reduction of supracoxal seta of leg I to a tiny spine, and the absence of Grandjean's organ. Additionally, the propodosomal sclerite has a posterior indentation/incision for up to 50% of its length. Females have a spermatheca (organ for receiving and storing sperm) and its morphology is important for distinguishing species. [2]
Schwiebea have been collected from various habitats including vegetation (clover roots, a verbena field, peony rose, Gerbera roots, yams, taro seeds), leaf litter, peat moss, caves, insect rearing containers and even some aquatic environments (fish farms, aquariums, swimming pools). [2] [3] Some species attach phoretically to arthropods such as bark beetles, [4] millipedes [5] and ticks. [6]
Some species of Schwiebea are all-female and reproduce by parthenogenesis, while others use sexual reproduction. [2] [3] Parthenogenesis is thought to have evolved at least three times within the genus. [3]
One species, S. similis, is a pest of American ginseng in China. A scientific study found it can also feed on other crops to varying extents, including garlic, potato and Chinese yam. [7]
The Acaridae are a family of mites in order Sarcoptiformes.
Oribatida, also known as oribatid mites, moss mites or beetle mites, are an order of mites, in the "chewing Acariformes" clade Sarcoptiformes. They range in size from 0.2 to 1.4 millimetres. There are currently 12,000 species that have been identified, but researchers estimate that there may be anywhere from 60,000 to 120,000 total species. Oribatid mites are by far the most prevalent of all arthropods in forest soils, and are essential for breaking down organic detritus and distributing fungi.
Astigmatina is a clade of mites in the superorder Acariformes. Astigmata has been ranked as an order or suborder in the past, but was lowered to the unranked clade Astigmatina of the clade Desmonomatides in the order Sarcoptiformes. Astigmatina is now made up of the two groups Acaridia and Psoroptidia, which have been suborders of the order Astigmata in the past. Astigmatina contains about 10 superfamilies and 76 families under Acaridia and Psoroptidia.
Histiostomatidae is a family of mites in the clade Astigmata.
The Laelapidae are a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. The family is also referred to in the literature as Laelaptidae, which may be the correct spelling.
Dermanyssoidea is a superfamily of mites, including most of the mites which parasitise vertebrates.
Austrophthiracarus is a genus of mites in the family Steganacaridae.
Fagacarus is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae. It contains a single described species, and at least two undescribed species. Fagacarus species feed on fungi in decaying wood.
Caloglyphus is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.
Cosmoglyphus is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.
Rhizoglyphus is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae. It has a worldwide distribution and is often associated with the bulbs, corms or tubers of plants.
Viedebanttia is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.
Pelzneria is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae. Species of Pelzneria are most often associated with small vertebrate carrion, and most species are phoretic on silphid beetles of the genus Nicrophorus.
Phoresis or phoresy is a non-permanent, commensalistic interaction in which one organism attaches itself to another solely for the purpose of travel. Phoresis has been observed directly in ticks and mites since the 18th century, and indirectly in fossils 320 million years old. It is not restricted to arthropods or animals; plants with seeds that disperse by attaching themselves to animals are also considered to be phoretic.
Chaetodactylus is a genus of parasitic mite primarily associated with solitary bees with over 20 species.
Winterschmidtiidae is a family of mites in the order Astigmata.
Sennertia is a genus of mites in the Chaetodactylidae family. There are more than 70 species. Some of these mites are parasites or commensals of bees, but the presence in some bees of specialized structures for carrying mites (acarinarium) indicates the mutualistic nature of the relationship of some species. Most species of the genus Sennertia settle on adult bees as heteromorphic deutonymphs, but the species Sennertia vaga has no deutonymph and settle on adult bees in the eating adult stages. Reproduction and feeding occurs during resettlement. Most species occur on small carpenter bees (Ceratina) and large carpenter bees (Xylocopa) of the family Apidae. A few species are associated with Centris (Paracentris) in the Neotropics.
Roubikia is a genus of bee-associated mites occurring in the neotropics. They are mutualists or commensals, and feed on fatty acids from floral oils and most likely on fungi. The type species is Chaetodactylus panamensis.
Galumna is a genus of mites in the family Galumnidae.
Suidasia is a genus of mites in the family Suidasiidae and clade Astigmatina.