She (1965 film)

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She
She movie.jpg
American Theatrical release poster by Tom Chantrell
Directed by Robert Day
Screenplay byDavid T. Chantler
Based on She: A History of Adventure
by H. Rider Haggard
Produced by Michael Carreras
Starring Ursula Andress
Peter Cushing
Bernard Cribbins
John Richardson
Rosenda Monteros
Christopher Lee
Cinematography Harry Waxman
Edited by James Needs
Eric Boyd-Perkins
Music by James Bernard
Production
companies
Distributed by Warner-Pathé Distributors (UK)
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (U.S.)
Release date
  • 18 April 1965 (1965-04-18)(UK)
Running time
106 minutes
CountryUnited Kingdom
LanguageEnglish
Budget£323,778 [1]
Box office$1,700,000 (US/ Canada rentals) [2]
284,961 admissions (France)
1,346,650 admissions (Spain) [3]

She is a 1965 British adventure film made by Hammer Film Productions in CinemaScope, based on the 1887 novel by H. Rider Haggard. [4] It was directed by Robert Day and stars Ursula Andress, Peter Cushing, Bernard Cribbins, John Richardson, Rosenda Monteros, and Christopher Lee. The film was an international success and led to a 1968 sequel, The Vengeance of She , with Olinka Berova in the title role.

Contents

Plot

After receiving honourable discharges from the British Army in Palestine in 1918, Professor Holly, young Leo Vincey and their orderly Job embark on an expedition into a previously unexplored region of central-east Africa. They discover the lost city of Kuma after Leo receives a mysterious map revealing the city's whereabouts.

This lost realm is ruled by Ayesha, who is also known as "She-Who-Waits" and "She-Who-Must-Be-Obeyed." Ayesha is a beautiful, immortal queen, who believes Leo is the reincarnation of her former lover, the priest Kallikratees, whom she had killed two thousand years before when she found him in the intimate embrace of another woman. It was she who met with Leo in Palestine, giving him the map to Kuma, and urging him to travel there. Leo is filled with a dogged determination to do so, as he sees visions of Ayesha beckoning to him with outstretched arms.

After Leo has recovered from the journey to Kuma, Ayesha persuades him to bathe in the ceremonial fire that she had bathed in 2,000 years before by which she gained her immortality. One can bathe in the flame only when it has turned blue, which it does rarely for short periods of time when astronomical events coincide. Leo would then himself become immortal.

Meanwhile, Ayesha's army is attacked by her enslaved tribesmen, the Amahagger, who live outside Kuma. Ready to rebel against the queen's cruel tyranny they are incited to revolt by their leader, Haumeid, a citizen of Kuma, whose daughter Ustane dared to fall in love with Leo while nursing him back to health after his perilous journey to the city. The queen in jealousy has her cremated alive in the open molten lava pit before her throne. Her ashes are poured out in front of her outraged father, who cries out to the Amahagger for revenge. Although poorly equipped the Amahagger overcome Ayesha's army.

Leo himself is about to enter the blue ceremonial fire when Billali, Ayesha's high priest, demands to be allowed to enter it to gain immortality as well since he has served the queen unselfishly for many years. He is refused, so he pushes Leo aside in a scuffle that leaves Leo knocked out, opening his way to enter the blue flames. Ayesha kills him with a javelin to prevent this.

To overcome Leo's reluctance Ayesha takes him by the hand and leads him into the blue fire. Upon entering, Leo becomes immortal, but Ayesha's immortality is taken away, and she ages 2,000 years in minutes, dies, and crumbles into dust. Holly and Job have managed to get to Leo through the uprising, and Holly urges him to go once again into the fire to remove his immortality since a second time into the flames would do this as it had done to Ayesha. Unfortunately, the flame turns yellow again barring entry. The film ends with a despondent Leo vowing to wait for the fire to turn blue again that he might end the prospect of spending an eternity alone.

Cast

As of 2024, Ursula Andress is the last surviving leading cast member.

Production

Drive-in advertisement from 1965 El Rio Drive-In Ad - 18 August 1965, Madera, CA.jpg
Drive-in advertisement from 1965

The re-filming of the H. Rider Haggard novel which had been filmed previously in 1908, 1911, 1916, 1917, 1925 and 1935 [5] was the idea of Kenneth Hyman of Seven Arts Productions, who had a long-running relationship with Hammer Film Productions. Anthony Hinds commissioned a script from John Temple-Smith, and the lead role was assigned to Ursula Andress, known at that time for her role in the James Bond film Dr. No . [6] She would thus become the first Hammer film to be built around a female star. [6]

Hammer pitched the project to Disney, who turned it down. Hinds then arranged for Berkely Mather to write a script, but the project was turned down again by Universal, and then by Joseph E. Levine and American International Pictures. Hinds passed it over to Michael Carreras who got David T. Chantler to rewrite the script. Carreras succeeded in getting the film financed through MGM, [1] with triple the usual budget for a Hammer film. [6]

The film was announced in May 1964. Although Seven Arts had helped finance several Hammer films, this was the first one they had produced together. [7]

John Richardson was cast after being spotted by Ray Stark of Seven Arts. [8]

Principal photography commenced in southern Israel's Negev Desert on 24 August 1964, with scenes also shot at MGM's Elstree Studios near London when Hammer's Bray Studios proved to be too small for the project. [6] It was the most expensive film Hammer had made up until that time, [1] but on release, it was a hit both in North America and in Europe. [6]

Although the studio was pleased with the look of Ursula Andress in the film as lit by Harry Waxman and costumed by Carl Toms and Roy Ashton they found her Swiss-German accent to be offputting, and had her entire part re-dubbed by actress Nikki van der Zyl, who had dubbed her in Dr. No. [6]

Critical reception

The New York Times critic Bosley Crowther wrote of the film: "It lacks style, sophistication, humour, sense, and above all, a reason for being, since it isn't even as good (excepting that it is in colour) as the last remake of She done with Helen Gahagan in 1935". [9] The British listings magazine, the Radio Times , gave the film three out of a possible five stars, observing that Ursula Andress "acquits herself better than you might expect", and concluding that "The African backdrops are easily matched by Swiss-born Andress's own brand of exotic beauty and, while there's plenty to criticise, there's also much to enjoy." [10]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">H. Rider Haggard</span> English adventure novelist (1856–1925)

Sir Henry Rider Haggard was an English writer of adventure fiction romances set in exotic locations, predominantly Africa, and a pioneer of the lost world literary genre. He was also involved in land reform throughout the British Empire. His stories, situated at the lighter end of Victorian literature and including the eighteen Allan Quatermain stories beginning with King Solomon's Mines, continue to be popular and influential.

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Hammer Film Productions Ltd. is a British film production company based in London. Founded in 1934, the company is best known for a series of Gothic horror and fantasy films made from the mid-1950s until the 1970s. Many of these involve classic horror characters such as Baron Victor Frankenstein, Count Dracula, and the Mummy, which Hammer reintroduced to audiences by filming them in vivid colour for the first time. Hammer also produced science fiction, thrillers, film noir and comedies, as well as, in later years, television series.

<i>She: A History of Adventure</i> 1887 novel by H. Rider Haggard

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Allan Quatermain</span> Fictional character

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<i>Ayesha</i> (novel) 1905 novel by H. Rider Haggard

Ayesha, the Return of She is a gothic-fantasy novel by the English Victorian author H. Rider Haggard, published in 1905 as a sequel to his 1887 novel She. Chronologically, it is the final novel of the Ayesha and Allan Quatermain series. It was serialised in issues 120 to 130 of the Windsor Magazine, where it was illustrated by Maurice Greiffenhagen.

<i>She</i> (1935 film) 1935 film by Irving Pichel

She is a 1935 American adventure film produced by Merian C. Cooper. It is based on the 1887 novel of the same name by H. Rider Haggard. A man named Leo Vincey travels with his friend and daughter to a mysterious place in Northern Siberia, where his ancestor reported finding the secret to immortality. They discover a lost world where a woman named She Who Must Be Obeyed (She) rules over an exotic civilization. She believes Leo is a reincarnation of his ancestor, whom She loved, and offers to share the secret of immortality with him. She dies in an effort to demonstrate that the immortal flame will not kill Leo. The film stars Helen Gahagan, Randolph Scott and Nigel Bruce. Cooper originally wanted to film She in color, but switched to black-and-white after last-minute budget cuts.

<i>She and Allan</i> 1921 novel by H. Rider Haggard

She and Allan is a novel by H. Rider Haggard, first published in 1921. It brought together his two most popular characters, Ayesha from his 1887 novel She, and Allan Quatermain from his 1885 novel King Solomon's Mines. Umslopogaas from Nada the Lily (1892) also appears in the novel as a major character. Along with the other three novels in the Ayesha series, She and Allan was adapted into the 1935 film She. She and Allan is the third story in the Ayesha series and the fifteenth in the Quatermain series.

<i>The Vengeance of She</i> 1968 British film by Cliff Owen

The Vengeance of She is a 1968 British fantasy film directed by Cliff Owen and starring John Richardson, Olinka Berova, Edward Judd, André Morell and Colin Blakely. It bears little in common with the 1905 novel Ayesha: The Return of She by H. Rider Haggard. It was made by Hammer Films as a loose sequel to the 1965 hit film She.

<i>She</i> (1925 film) 1925 film

She is a 1925 British-German fantasy adventure film made by Reciprocity Films, co-directed by Leander de Cordova and G. B. Samuelson, and starring Betty Blythe, Carlyle Blackwell, and Mary Odette. It was filmed in Berlin by a British film company as a co-production, and based on H. Rider Haggard's 1887 novel of the same name. According to the opening credits, the intertitles were specially written for the film by Haggard himself; he died in 1925, the year the film was made, and never got to see the finished film. The film still exists in its complete form today.

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<i>She</i> (1917 film) 1917 American film

She is a 1917 American silent fantasy adventure drama film directed by Kenean Buel and produced and distributed by the Fox Film Corporation. It was loosely based on H. Rider Haggard's oft filmed 1887 best-selling novel, She: A History of Adventure. Now considered lost, the film starred Valeska Suratt and Ben Taggart.

<i>Wisdoms Daughter</i> 1923 novel by H. Rider Haggard

Wisdom's Daughter is a fantasy novel by British writer H. Rider Haggard, published in 1923, by Hutchinson & Co in the UK and Doubleday, Page and Company in the US. It is the final published book in the Ayesha series but chronologically the first book in the series. Along with the other three novels in the series, Wisdom's Daughter was adapted into the 1935 film She.

She is a 1916 British silent adventure film directed by Will Barker and Horace Lisle Lucoque and starring Alice Delysia, Henry Victor and Sydney Bland. It is an adaptation of H. Rider Haggard's 1887 novel She.

<i>She</i> (1911 film) 1911 film by George Nichols

She is a 1911 American fantasy silent film and is the first film to attempt to portray the story in the 1887 novel of the same name by H. Rider Haggard. Made by the Thanhouser Company, the film was directed by George Nichols and featured his wife Viola Alberti as Amenartes. It starred Marguerite Snow in the title role and James Cruze in the joint role of Kallikrates and Leo Vincey and was based on a scenario by Theodore Marston.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Bruce G. Hallenbeck, British Cult Cinema: Hammer Fantasy and Sci-Fi, Hemlock Books 2011 pp. 146–157
  2. Anticipated rentals accruing distributors in North America. See "Top Grossers of 1965", Variety, 5 January 1966 p 36
  3. Box office performance of Peter Cushing films in Europe at Box Office Story
  4. "She". British Film Institute Collections Search. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
  5. "H. Rider Haggard". IMDb.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Doll, Susan. "She (1965)" on TCM.com
  7. A.H. WEILER (31 May 1964). "BY WAY OF REPORT". New York Times. ProQuest   115794781.
  8. Watts, Stephen (1 November 1964). "ON BRITAIN'S BUSTLING FILM SCENE: 'Maggie May' Heads Toward Screen -- Blue Chip Bonds -- 'She' Returns". New York Times. p. X13.
  9. Crowther, Bosley (2 September 1965). "Actress Plays Siren 2,000 Years Old". NY Times . Retrieved 30 December 2018.
  10. Freedman, Peter. "She review". Radio Times . Retrieved 30 December 2018.