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Release date | 1957–1974 |
Running time | 634–643 minutes |
Country | United Kingdom |
Language | English |
Frankenstein is a British horror-adventure film series produced by Hammer Film Productions. The films, loosely based on the 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley, are centered on Baron Victor Frankenstein, who experiments in creating a creature beyond human. The series is part of the larger Hammer horror oeuvre.
The original series of films consisted of seven instalments, which starred well-known horror actors such as Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee as Baron Victor Frankenstein and his creature respectively.
Producer Max Rosenberg originally approached Michael Carreras at Hammer Films with a deal to produce Frankenstein and the Monster (Rosenberg claims that he came up with the title) from a script by Milton Subotsky. Later, both men were cut out of their profit participation making only a $5000 fee for bringing the production to Hammer. [1] Rosenberg and Subotsky later established Amicus Films, Hammer's main rival in the production of horror films during the 1960s. Screenwriter Jimmy Sangster, who adapted Mary Shelley's novel for Hammer, never mentioned seeing Subotsky's script or being aware of Rosenberg's involvement. Sangster had worked as a production manager and said that he was keenly aware of production costs and kept the budget in mind when writing the script. Sangster said that his awareness of cost influenced him to not write scenes involving the villagers storming the castle that was typically seen in the Universal horror films "because we couldn't afford it". Sangster in an interview with film historian Jonathan Rigby indicated that he hadn't seen any of the Frankenstein films that Universal made. He just adapted the book "the way I saw it". [2]
Peter Cushing, who was then best known for his many high-profile roles in British television, had his first lead part in a film with The Curse of Frankenstein. Meanwhile, Christopher Lee's casting resulted largely from his height (6'5"), though Hammer had earlier considered the even taller (6'7") Bernard Bresslaw for the role. Universal fought hard to prevent Hammer from duplicating aspects of their 1931 film, and so it was down to make-up artist Phil Leakey to design a new look for the creature bearing no resemblance to the Boris Karloff original created by Jack Pierce. Production of The Curse of Frankenstein began, with an investment of £65,000, on 19 November 1956 at Bray Studios with a scene showing Baron Frankenstein cutting down a highwayman from a wayside gibbet. [3] The film opened at the London Pavilion on 2 May 1957 with an X certificate from the censors.
In 1959, Hammer shot a half-hour pilot episode for a television series to be called Tales of Frankenstein , in association with Columbia Pictures, directed by Curt Siodmak. Anton Diffring played the Baron, and Don Megowan his creation. The series was scrapped, largely because of the two companies' disagreement over what the basic thrust of the series would be: Hammer wanted to do a series about Baron Frankenstein involved in various misadventures, while Columbia wanted a series of loosely-connected science fiction loosely based around the idea of science gone wrong. Though unreleased at the time of its production, the episode is available on DVD from several public domain sources. Though the series was never produced, Anthony Hinds commissioned several scripts that provided Hammer with material for their later Frankenstein films, specifically Frankenstein Created Woman and The Evil of Frankenstein . [4] [5]
This section includes characters who will appear or have appeared in the series.
Character | Main series | Remake | |||||
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The Curse of Frankenstein | The Revenge of Frankenstein | The Evil of Frankenstein | Frankenstein Created Woman | Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed | Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell | The Horror of Frankenstein | |
1957 | 1958 | 1964 | 1967 | 1969 | 1974 | 1970 | |
Baron Victor Frankenstein Doctor Victor Stein / Franck / Carl Victor | Peter Cushing Melvyn Hayes Y | Peter Cushing | Ralph Bates | ||||
The Creature Herr Schneider / The Monster from Hell | Christopher Lee Jock Easton | Michael Gwynn Peter Cushing | Kiwi Kingston | Susan Denberg | Freddie Jones | David Prowse | |
Priest | Alex Gallier | Alex Gallier U | James Maxwell | Colin Jeavons | Chris Lethbridge-Baker | ||
Elizabeth Heiss | Hazel Court Sally Walsh Y | Veronica Carlson | |||||
Schoolmaster | Henry Caine | Neil Wilson | |||||
Burgomaster of Karlstaad | Andrew Leigh | David Hutcheson | |||||
Burgomaster's Wife | Ann Blake | Caron Gardner | |||||
Fritz | Josef Behrmann | Lionel Jeffries | |||||
Doctor Hans Kleve | Francis Matthews | Sandor Elès | Robert Morris Stuart Middleton U Y Susan Denberg P | Chris Cunningham | |||
Doctor Karl Holst | Oscar Quitak Michael Gwynn | Barry Warren | Simon Ward | ||||
Professor Durendel President of the Medical Council | Charles Lloyd-Pack | Charles Lloyd-Pack | |||||
Landlord | Alister Williamson | Ivan Beavis | Jerold Wells | ||||
Chief of Police | Duncan Lamont | Peter Madden | Timothy Davies | ||||
Police Sergeant #1 | Anthony Blackshaw | Allan Surtees | |||||
Police Sergeant #2 | David Conville | Windsor Davies | |||||
Christina Kleve | Susan Denberg | Elizabeth Morgan | |||||
Dr. Paul Krempe | Robert Urquhart | ||||||
Justine | Valerie Gaunt | ||||||
Aunt Sophia | Noel Hood | ||||||
Professor Bernstein | Paul Hardtmuth | ||||||
Grandpa | Fred Johnson | ||||||
Little Boy | Claude Kingston | ||||||
Warder | Michael Mulcaster | ||||||
Lecturer | Middleton Woods | ||||||
Uncle | Raymond Ray | ||||||
Margaret | Eunice Gayson | ||||||
Bergman | John Welsh | ||||||
Up Patient | Richard Wordsworth | ||||||
Janitor | George Woodbridge | ||||||
Kurt | Michael Ripper | ||||||
Zoltan | Peter Woodthorpe | ||||||
Rena | Katy Wild | ||||||
Drunk | Howard Goorney | ||||||
Doctor Hertz | Thorley Walters | ||||||
Anton | Peter Blythe | ||||||
Johann | Derek Fowlds | ||||||
The Prisoner Hans' Father | Duncan Lamont | ||||||
Kleve | Alan MacNaughtan | ||||||
Mayor | Philip Ray | ||||||
Bystander | Bartlett Mullins | ||||||
Spokesman | Alec Mango | ||||||
Anna Spengler | Veronica Carlson | ||||||
Dr. Frederick Brandt | George Pravda Freddie Jones | ||||||
Professor Richter | Freddie Jones | ||||||
Inspector Frisch | Thorley Walters | ||||||
Ella Brandt | Maxine Audley | ||||||
Police Doctor | Geoffrey Bayldon | ||||||
Madwoman | Colette O'Neil | ||||||
Guest - Plumber | Frank Middlemass | ||||||
Guest - Smoking pipe | Norman Shelley | ||||||
Guest - Reading newspaper | Michael Gover | ||||||
Guest - Playing chess | George Belbin | ||||||
Principal | Peter Copley | ||||||
Dr. Heidecke | Jim Collier | ||||||
Dr. Simon Helder | Shane Briant | ||||||
Sarah "Angel" Klauss | Madeline Smith | ||||||
Asylum Director Adolf Klauss | John Stratton | ||||||
Transvest | Michael Ward | ||||||
Wild One | Elsie Wagstaff | ||||||
Police Sergeant | Norman Mitchell | ||||||
Judge | Clifford Mollison | ||||||
Bodysnatcher | Patrick Troughton | ||||||
Ernst | Philip Voss | ||||||
Brassy Girl | Andria Lawrence | ||||||
Old Hag | Lucy Griffiths | ||||||
Tarmut | Bernard Lee | ||||||
Muller | Sydney Bromley | ||||||
Gerda | Sheila Dunion | ||||||
Twitch | Mischa de la Motte | ||||||
Smiler | Norman Atkyns | ||||||
Letch | Victor Woolf | ||||||
Mouse | Winifred Sabine | ||||||
Chatter | Janet Hargreaves | ||||||
Coach Driver | Peter Madden | ||||||
Alys | Kate O'Mara | ||||||
The Graverobber | Dennis Price | ||||||
Lieutenant Henry Becker | Jon Finch | ||||||
Professor Heiss | Bernard Archard | ||||||
Wilhelm Kassner | Graham James | ||||||
Bailiff | James Hayter | ||||||
Graverobber's Wife | Joan Rice | ||||||
Stephan | Stephen Turner | ||||||
Dean | James Cossins | ||||||
Maggie | Glenys O'Brien | ||||||
Instructor | Geoffrey Lumsden | ||||||
First Bandit | Terry Duggan | ||||||
Baron Frankenstein I | George Belbin | ||||||
Woodsman | Hal Jeayes | ||||||
Woodsman's Daughter | Carol Jeayes | ||||||
Workman | Michael Goldie | ||||||
Crew/detail | Main series | Remake | |||||
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The Curse of Frankenstein | The Revenge of Frankenstein | The Evil of Frankenstein | Frankenstein Created Woman | Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed | Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell | The Horror of Frankenstein | |
1957 | 1958 | 1964 | 1967 | 1969 | 1974 | 1970 | |
Director(s) | Terence Fisher | Freddie Francis | Terence Fisher | Jimmy Sangster | |||
Producer(s) | Anthony Hinds | Anthony Nelson Keys | Roy Skeggs | ||||
Writer(s) | Jimmy Sangster | Anthony Hinds (as John Elder) | Bert Batt Anthony Nelson Keys | Anthony Hinds (as John Elder) | Jimmy Sangster Jeremy Burnham | ||
Composer(s) | James Bernard | Leonard Salzedo | Don Banks | James Bernard | Malcolm Williamson | ||
Editor(s) | James Needs | Alfred Cox | James Needs | Spencer Reeve | Gordon Hales | James Needs | Chris Barnes |
Cinematographer | Jack Asher | John Wilcox | Arthur Grant | Brian Probyn | Moray Grant | ||
Production companies | Hammer Film Productions | ||||||
Distributor(s) | Warner Bros. | Columbia Pictures | Rank Film Distributors (UK) | Warner-Pathé Distributors (UK) | AVCO Embassy Pictures (UK) | MGM-EMI Distributors (UK) | |
Universal-International (US & worldwide) | 20th Century Fox (US & worldwide) | Warner Bros.-Seven Arts (US & worldwide) | Paramount Pictures (US) | Continental Films (US) | |||
Runtime | 83 minutes | 89 minutes | 84 minutes | 92 minutes (uncut, US) 86 minutes (cut, UK) | 101 minutes (uncut, US) 98 minutes (cut, UK) | 99 minutes | 95 minutes |
Release date | May 2, 1957 | June 1, 1958 | April 19, 1964 | March 15, 1967 | May 22, 1969 | May 2, 1974 | November 8, 1970 |
Film | Rotten Tomatoes |
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The Curse of Frankenstein | 78% (18 reviews) [6] |
The Revenge of Frankenstein | 87% (15 reviews) [7] |
The Evil of Frankenstein | 57% (7 reviews) [8] |
Frankenstein Created Woman | 67% (12 reviews) [9] |
Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed | 70% (10 reviews) [10] |
The Horror of Frankenstein | 55% (11 reviews) [11] |
Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell | 50% (6 reviews) [12] |
Hammer's first colour horror film, its worldwide success led to several sequels, the studio's new versions of Dracula (1958) and The Mummy (1959), and established "Hammer Horror" as a new distinctive brand of Gothic cinema. [13] [14]
Peter Wilton Cushing was an English actor. His acting career spanned over six decades and included appearances in more than 100 films, as well as many television, stage and radio roles. He achieved recognition for his leading performances in the Hammer Productions horror films from the 1950s to 1970s, and as Grand Moff Tarkin in Star Wars (1977).
Hammer Film Productions Ltd. is a British film production company based in London. Founded in 1934, the company is best known for a series of Gothic horror and fantasy films made from the mid-1950s until the 1970s. Many of these involve classic horror characters such as Baron Victor Frankenstein, Count Dracula, and the Mummy, which Hammer reintroduced to audiences by filming them in vivid colour for the first time. Hammer also produced science fiction, thrillers, film noir and comedies, as well as, in later years, television series.
Amicus Productions was a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England, active between 1962 and 1977. It was founded by American producers and screenwriters Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a 1994 science fiction horror film directed by Kenneth Branagh who also stars as Victor Frankenstein, with Robert De Niro portraying Frankenstein's monster, and co-stars Tom Hulce, Helena Bonham Carter, Ian Holm, John Cleese, Richard Briers and Aidan Quinn. Considered the most faithful film adaptation of Mary Shelley's 1818 novel, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, despite several differences and additions in plot from the novel, the film follows a medical student named Victor Frankenstein who creates new life in the form of a monster composed of various corpses' body parts.
Terence Fisher was a British film director best known for his work for Hammer Films.
The Curse of Frankenstein is a 1957 British horror film by Hammer Film Productions, loosely based on the 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley. It was Hammer's first colour horror film, and the first of their Frankenstein series. Its worldwide success led to several sequels, and it was also followed by new versions of Dracula (1958) and The Mummy (1959), establishing "Hammer Horror" as a distinctive brand of Gothic cinema.
Victor Frankenstein is a fictional character and the main protagonist and title character in Mary Shelley's 1818 novel, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. He is a Swiss scientist who, after studying chemical processes and the decay of living things, gains an insight into the creation of life and gives life to his own creature. Victor later regrets meddling with nature through his creation, as he inadvertently endangers his own life and the lives of his family and friends when the creature seeks revenge against him. He is first introduced in the novel when he is seeking to catch the monster near the North Pole and is saved from near death by Robert Walton and his crew.
Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed is a 1969 British horror film directed by Terence Fisher for Hammer Films, starring Peter Cushing, Freddie Jones, Veronica Carlson and Simon Ward. The film is the fifth in a series of Hammer films focusing on Baron Frankenstein, who, in this entry, terrorises those around him in a bid to uncover the secrets of a former associate confined to a lunatic asylum.
The Evil of Frankenstein is a 1964 film directed by Freddie Francis. The third instalment in Hammer's Frankenstein series, it stars Peter Cushing, Sandor Elès and Kiwi Kingston.
The Brides of Dracula is a 1960 British supernatural horror film produced by Hammer Film Productions. Directed by Terence Fisher, the film stars Peter Cushing, David Peel, Freda Jackson, Yvonne Monlaur, Andrée Melly, and Martita Hunt. The film is a sequel to the 1958 film Dracula, though the character of Count Dracula does not appear in the film, and is instead mentioned only twice. Christopher Lee would reprise his role as Dracula in the next film in the Dracula series, Dracula: Prince of Darkness (1966).
Frankenstein Created Woman is a 1967 British Hammer horror film directed by Terence Fisher. It stars Peter Cushing as Baron Frankenstein and Susan Denberg as his new creation. It is the fourth film in Hammer's Frankenstein series.
Lady Frankenstein is a 1971 Italian horror film directed by Mel Welles and written by Edward di Lorenzo. It stars Rosalba Neri, Joseph Cotten, Mickey Hargitay and Paul Müller.
The Horror of Frankenstein is a 1970 British horror film by Hammer Film Productions that is both a semi-parody and semi-remake of the 1957 film The Curse of Frankenstein, of Hammer's Frankenstein series. It was produced and directed by Jimmy Sangster, starring Ralph Bates, Kate O'Mara, Veronica Carlson and David Prowse as the monster. It was the only film in the Frankenstein series which did not star Peter Cushing. The original music score was composed by Malcolm Williamson.
Frankenstein and the Monster From Hell is a 1974 British horror film, directed by Terence Fisher and produced by Hammer Film Productions. It stars Peter Cushing, Shane Briant and David Prowse. Filmed at Elstree Studios in 1972 but not released until 1974, it was the final chapter in the Hammer Frankenstein saga of films as well as director Fisher's last film.
The Revenge of Frankenstein is a 1958 Technicolor British horror film directed by Terence Fisher and starring Peter Cushing, Francis Matthews, Michael Gwynn and Eunice Gayson. Made by Hammer Film Productions, the film was a sequel to The Curse of Frankenstein, the studio's 1957 adaptation of Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, and the second instalment in their Frankenstein series.
Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, and the famous character of Frankenstein's monster, have influenced popular culture for at least a century. The work has inspired numerous films, television programs, video games and derivative works. The character of the Monster remains one of the most recognized icons in horror fiction.
Tales of Frankenstein is an unsold TV pilot filmed in 1958. It was a co-production of Hammer Film Productions and Columbia Pictures. The film is a mixture of elements from both the Hammer and Universal Pictures versions of Frankenstein, based on Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. The episode title, which does not appear onscreen, is "The Face in the Tombstone Mirror". The film is in the public domain.
The Wolf Man is the title of several horror film series centered on Larry Talbot, a man who upon being bitten by a werewolf becomes one himself, and his subsequent attempts to cure himself of his murderous condition. The franchise was created by Curt Siodmak.
Dracula is a British horror film series produced by Hammer Film Productions. The films are centered on Count Dracula, bringing with him a plague of vampirism, and the ensuing efforts of the heroic Van Helsing family to stop him. The original series of films consisted of nine installments, which starred iconic horror actors Christopher Lee and Peter Cushing as Count Dracula and Doctor Van Helsing, respectively. The series is part of the larger Hammer horror oeuvre.
The World of Hammer is a British television documentary series created and written by Robert Sidaway and Ashley Sidaway, and produced by Robert Sidaway.