Batman (franchise)

Last updated

Batman
Batman Logo.svg
Created by Bill Finger
Bob Kane
Original work Detective Comics #27
Owner DC Comics
Years1939-present
Print publications
Book(s)Batman: The Complete History
The Batman Handbook: The Ultimate Training Manual
Novel(s)Batman: Dead White
Batman: Fear Itself
Batman: Inferno
Batman: The Ultimate Evil
Enemies & Allies
Wayne of Gotham
Films and television
Film(s)
Television series
Animated series

The DC Comics character Batman has been adapted into various media including film, radio, television, and video games, as well as numerous merchandising items. The Batman franchise has become one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.

Contents

Film

Actors who have played Batman in live-action: (top) Lewis Wilson, Robert Lowery, Adam West, Michael Keaton, (middle) Kevin Conroy (as Bruce Wayne), Val Kilmer, George Clooney, Christian Bale, (bottom) Ben Affleck, David Mazouz, Iain Glen (as Bruce Wayne), and Robert Pattinson. Batman actors.jpg
Actors who have played Batman in live-action:
(top) Lewis Wilson, Robert Lowery, Adam West, Michael Keaton,
(middle) Kevin Conroy (as Bruce Wayne), Val Kilmer, George Clooney, Christian Bale,
(bottom) Ben Affleck, David Mazouz, Iain Glen (as Bruce Wayne), and Robert Pattinson.

Early films and serials

Live-action

A number of Batman theatrical films have been made. There have also been several attempted projects during the hiatus between Batman & Robin and Batman Begins .

Serials

Batman

In 1966, a Batman feature film based on the contemporaneous Batman television series was released. It starred Adam West as Batman, Burt Ward as Robin, Cesar Romero as the Joker, Burgess Meredith as the Penguin, Frank Gorshin as the Riddler, and Lee Meriwether as Catwoman.

Tim Burton and Joel Schumacher series

Films
Batman Batman Returns Batman Forever Batman & Robin
1989199219951997
Director Tim Burton Joel Schumacher
Producer(s) Jon Peters
Peter Guber 		Denise Di Novi
Tim Burton		Tim Burton
Peter MacGregor-Scott 		Peter MacGregor-Scott
Screenwriter(s) Warren Skaaren
Sam Hamm 		Daniel Waters Lee Batchler
Janet Scott Batchler
Akiva Goldsman 		Akiva Goldsman
Story bySam HammDaniel Waters
Sam Hamm		Lee Batchler
Janet Scott Batchler
Cinematographer Roger Pratt Stefan Czapsky Stephen Goldblatt
Composer Danny Elfman Elliot Goldenthal
Editor(s) Ray Lovejoy Chris Lebenzon Dennis Virkler Dennis Virkler
Mark Stevens
Batman actor Michael Keaton Val Kilmer George Clooney

The Dark Knight Trilogy

OccupationFilms
Batman Begins The Dark Knight The Dark Knight Rises
200520082012
Director Christopher Nolan
Producers Charles Roven
Emma Thomas
Larry Franco 		Emma Thomas
Charles Roven
Christopher Nolan
Screenwriter(s)Christopher Nolan
David S. Goyer 		Jonathan Nolan
Christopher Nolan
Story byDavid S. GoyerChristopher Nolan
David S. Goyer
Composer(s) Hans Zimmer
James Newton Howard 		Hans Zimmer
Cinematographer Wally Pfister
Editor(s) Lee Smith
Batman actor Christian Bale

DC Extended Universe

OccupationDCEU films
Batman v Superman:
Dawn of Justice 		Suicide Squad Justice League Zack Snyder's
Justice League 		The Flash
20162016201720212023
Director Zack Snyder David Ayer Zack Snyder (Original)
Joss Whedon (Reshoots)		Zack Snyder Andy Muschietti
ProducersCharles Roven
Deborah Snyder 		Charles Roven
Richard Suckle 		Charles Roven
Deborah Snyder
Jon Berg
Geoff Johns 		Charles Roven
Deborah Snyder 		Michael Disco

Barbara Muschietti

Screenwriter(s) Chris Terrio
David S. Goyer		David AyerChris Terrio
Joss Whedon 		Chris Terrio Christina Hodson
Story byChris Terrio and Zack Snyder John Francis Daley
Jonathan Goldstein Joby Harold
Composer(s) Hans Zimmer
Junkie XL 		Steven Price Danny Elfman Junkie XL Benjamin Wallfisch [1]
Cinematographer Larry Fong Roman Vasyanov Fabian Wagner Henry Braham
Editor(s) David Brenner John Gilroy David Brenner
Richard Pearson
Martin Walsh 		David Brenner Paul Machliss
Batman actor Ben Affleck Ben Affleck,
Michael Keaton,
George Clooney

The Batman shared universe

OccupationFilms
The Batman The Batman – Part II
20222026
Director Matt Reeves
ProducersDylan Clark
Matt Reeves
Screenwriter(s) Peter Craig
Matt Reeves		Matt Reeves
Mattson Tomlin
Story by
Composer(s) Michael Giacchino
Cinematographer Greig Fraser
Editor(s) William Hoy
Tyler Nelson
Batman actor Robert Pattinson

Animation

Featuring Batman

Team-ups

Web series

Other

Canceled Batman animated films

Television

Live-action

Batman (TV series)

The series premiered January 12, 1966, on ABC and ended March 14, 1968, starring Adam West as Bruce Wayne / Batman and Burt Ward as Dick Grayson / Robin. The two would later reprise their roles in Legends of the Superheroes .

Birds of Prey

The series premiered on October 29, 2002, and used footage of Michael Keaton as Batman and Michelle Pfeiffer as Catwoman, from Tim Burton's Batman Returns in the initial trailers for the series and its opening montage. [19] [20] The series focuses on the couple's daughter, Helena Kyle / Huntress.

Pennyworth

Pennyworth, marketed as Pennyworth: The Origin of Batman's Butler for its third season,[2] is an American television series that premiered on July 28, 2019, on Epix, based on DC Comics' Batman character of the same name. The series was developed for television and is executive produced by Bruno Heller and Danny Cannon, and stars Jack Bannon as Alfred Pennyworth, a younger version of the iteration of the character previously portrayed by Sean Pertwee in Heller's and Cannon's Fox series Gotham (2014–2019), with the series serving as a prequel to both Gotham, and V for Vendetta, by Alan Moore, David Lloyd, and Tony Weare. Ben Aldridge, Hainsley Lloyd Bennett, Ryan Fletcher, Dorothy Atkinson, Emma Paetz, Paloma Faith, Polly Walker, James Purefoy, and Jason Flemyng also star.

Gotham

The series premiered September 22, 2014, on FOX and ended April 25, 2019, starring David Mazouz as a young Bruce Wayne. The series depicts young Bruce Wayne following the death of his parents. Also Bruce is 12 years old when his parents die, unlike his traditional age being 7 or 8 years old. When the series reached its finale, stunt performer Mikhail Mudrik served as the physical actor for Wayne as Mazouz still wasn't 6 foot 4, the showrunners height preference for their Batman [21] Mazouz was able wear the Batsuit in the final shot with the help of forced perspective. He also lent his voice to all Batman speaking scenes in the last episode.

Titans

Batman is mentioned several times in the series. He was shown from behind in the episode "Origins" and was voiced by an uncredited actor. Batman appears in the first season finale in a dream sequence created by Trigon where he started killing his enemies causing Dick Grayson to end Batman's life. Stunt doubles Alain Moussi and Maxim Savarias portray Batman in that appearance.

Batman's alter ego Bruce makes his full appearance in the second season, portrayed by Iain Glen. Bruce is visited by Dick after the defeat of Trigon, allowing Dick to restart the Titans on the condition that Jason Todd be a member. In his self-titled episode, Bruce appears in Dick's hallucinations about the guilt he felt following a disastrous fight with Deathstroke. In the episode "E.L._.O.", Bruce lures Koriand'r / Starfire, Rachel Roth / Raven, Donna Troy, and Dawn Granger / Dove are lured to the Elko Diner in an effort to reunite the team after Dick was incarcerated at Kane County Correctional Facility. In the episode "Nightwing", Bruce attends Donna's funeral at Titans Tower. When Kory thanks Bruce for bringing them together, Bruce had no knowledge of going to Elko and claimed that they confused him with someone else.

In the third season, Bruce becomes distraught after the Joker kills Jason, prompting him to murder the latter in Arkham Asylum. He then tasks Dick with the duty of protecting Gotham, while he retreats elsewhere. At a secluded mansion, Bruce writes his will, then attempts to commit suicide by having the mansion burn down with him inside. He is however saved by a resurrected Donna. At the end of the season, Bruce returns to Gotham and reconciles with Jason, who has since been resurrected and gone on rampage as Red Hood, but converted by the Titans to stop Jonathan Crane. While he does not appear in the fourth season, Bruce is mentioned as having provided the team with new equipment to help them continue their crime fighting activities.

Batwoman

Bruce Wayne appears briefly on a magazine cover in The CW's Batwoman season one finale, portrayed by Warren Christie. The character Thomas Elliot masquerades as Wayne in the opening episode of season two before being discovered and forcibly unmasked by Ryan Wilder. In the episode "Armed and Dangerous", a subconscious manifestation of Bruce Wayne appeared before Luke Fox after he was shot by Russell Tavaroff in the previous episode which landed Luke in a coma. Bruce gave Luke the choice of living or dying. After being purged of "Circe" in the season two finale, Kate leaves Gotham City with plans to find Bruce.

An alternate universe version of Batman is portrayed by Kevin Conroy in the special Crisis on Infinite Earths .

Gotham Knights

David Miller portrayed Bruce Wayne in the pilot episode of Gotham Knights . [22] [23]

Animation

Super Friends

DC Animated Universe

  • Batman appears in series set in the DC Animated Universe (DCAU), voiced by Kevin Conroy:
    • 1992–95: Batman: The Animated Series ; the first series of the DCAU. Batman is approximately in the ninth year of his crime-fighting career; he spends much of his time fighting crime solo, as Dick Grayson/Robin by then is in college and therefore works with him semi-regularly, but unlike other iterations of the character who portray themselves as a not-too bright playboy in public, he portrays himself as intelligent and actively involved in managing Wayne Enterprises, to such an extent where in "Eternal Youth" he threatens an employee with termination unless he cancels an unauthorized deal and in the final episode produced "Batgirl Returns" he is away on a business trip and thus takes time away from crime-fighting. He is also shown to be close friends with Harvey Dent prior to his transformation into Two-Face as well as regularly dating Selina Kyle as Bruce Wayne in addition to them dealing with each other in their costumed identities. He is shown to also have a close relationship with Commissioner James Gordon, viewing him like a father figure, and as seen in "I Am the Night" becomes guilty after being unable to stop him from being shot by the criminal Jazzman, though he comes to his senses later on.
    • 1996–99: Superman: The Animated Series ; Batman first guest stars in "World's Finest", he comes to Metropolis to stop Joker, who allies with Lex Luthor to kill Superman in exchange for a million dollars, while also forming a brief business partnership with Luthor. He also dates Lois Lane as Wayne briefly much to the chagrin and jealousy of Clark Kent/Superman, though they put aside their differences and work to stop both Luthor and Joker. He next appears in "Knight Time", where he is revealed to have gone missing leading to Superman and Robin working together to stop crime in Gotham (with Superman disguised as him for a while) and find him, and when they do find him, they learn he is under Brainiac's control, who managed to infiltrate Wayne Enterprises computer systems, the latter wanting a secret shuttle to escape the planet though he is eventually stopped. He then appears in the penultimate episode "The Demon Reborn" where he rescues Superman from Ra's al Ghul who wanted the former's strength for immortality after the Lazarus Pits began failing due to his continuous usage. The duo then team up to stop him and the Society of Shadows and at the end both acknowledge how well they work together, hinting at the eventual formation of the Justice League.
    • 1997–99: The New Batman Adventures ; a continuation of Batman: The Animated Series, Bruce now works with Barbara Gordon/Batgirl and Tim Drake/Robin, the former of whose secret identity he figured out in the interim between the two shows. Dick Grayson abandoned his Robin identity and left Gotham after an argument with Batman over knowing but not telling him Barbara's secret and his increased ruthlessness and manipulative behavior as revealed in "Old Wounds", though he eventually returns and occasionally works with him as Nightwing and despite forgiving him, does not fully reconcile with his former mentor.
    • 1999–2001: Batman Beyond ; a middle-aged Batman retired after suffering a mild heart attack during a rescue mission which forced him to break his paramount rule by almost using a gun in self defense. Twenty years later, though initially reluctant, Bruce passes the mantle of Batman onto teenager Terry McGinnis (voiced by Will Friedle) after he experiences a similar tragedy to his own, the loss of a parent, thus becoming his mentor from that point onwards and guiding him from the Batcave.
    • 2001: The Zeta Project ; both Bruce Wayne and the future Batman (Terry McGinnis) guest star in the episode "Shadows". They come into conflict with Zeta after believing that he had reverted to killing, mistaking him for the separate Infiltration Unit IU7, but help him later after learning the truth.
    • 2001–04: Justice League ; Batman becomes one of the founding members of the League, even financing the construction and improvement of both Watchtowers though does not officially join them, claiming not to be a "people" person and being only a part-time member. He is also shown having a mutual attraction to Wonder Woman as they flirt frequently evidenced in the episodes, "The Brave and the Bold", "Maid of Honor" and the finale where they share a kiss while hiding from Thanagarian troops. Additionally, an alternate universe counterpart of Batman who is a member of the Justice Lords appears in the episode "A Batter World".
    • 2002–04: Static Shock ; Batman guest stars in the episodes "The Big Leagues" where he and Robin help Static stop Joker and his new gang of bang-baby metahumans from going on a crime spree; "Hard as Nails" where he helps Static thwart Poison Ivy and Harley Quinn's plans to use new bang baby Nails and rescue her while he and Static also learn each other's secret identity; the two-parter "A League of Their Own" where he, the Justice League, Static and Gear fight Brainiac and "Future Shock" where both he and his older self from Batman Beyond appear with the former playing a minor role alongside Robin in stopping a villain Timecode and the latter a bigger one as he helps Static and his successor Terry rescue Static's future self from Kobra.
    • 2004–06: Justice League Unlimited ; a continuation of Justice League, he again plays instrumental roles in helping his allies, such as recruiting Green Arrow to the Justice League in "Initiation", saves Superman from Black Mercy's thrall in "For the Man Who Has Everything" and Wonder Woman with help from Zatanna after she is transformed into a pig by Circe in "This Little Piggy", in that episode he reveals that though he may have feelings for Diana, does not want to enter a relationship with her as he fears that it could cause problems in the team and that she could become a target for his enemies, despite her capabilities of perfectly fending for herself. He demonstrates to Amanda Waller, that she and Project Cadmus are only tools in Lex Luthor's plot to discredit the League, eventually succeeding. He also meets an alternate version of his older self and his successor Terry, in the episode "The Once and Future Thing Part Two: Time Warped" and along with Green Lantern are the only two leaguers to remember the events of the mission and here his feelings for Diana are briefly stressed here again. The episode "Epilogue" reveals that he is Terry's biological father, due to Waller's machinations to create a successor to Batman, which he figured out sometime prior to the episode but chose not to tell Terry out of respect for his legal father Warren and also wanting Terry to choose his own path in life.

Other

Canceled Batman animated series

Radio

Beginning in March 1945, Batman and Robin made regular appearances on the radio drama The Adventures of Superman on the Mutual Broadcasting System, including solo stories when series star, Bud Collyer had time off. Batman was voiced by Matt Crowley, Stacy Harris and Gary Merrill, with Ronald Liss as Robin.

Efforts were later made to launch a Batman radio series in 1943 and again in 1950, but neither came to fruition. The 1943 pilot "The Case of the Drowning Seal" was scripted with Scott Douglas as Batman; if the script was recorded, no copy survives. The September 1950 pilot for The Batman Mystery Club was recorded with Richard Devon as Batman and Ronald Liss as Robin. [38]

In 1989, an original radio drama, Batman: The Lazarus Syndrome , was produced by Dirk Maggs for BBC Radio 4. Bob Sessions was the voice of Batman.

A second Maggs production aired on BBC Radio 1 in 1994, this time adapting the comic book storyline Batman: Knightfall . It was adapted, produced and directed by Maggs—with music composed by Mark Russell—who had also made Superman: Doomsday & Beyond on BBC Radio 5. This show, however was not commissioned of its own, but rather to be three-minute episodes on the Mark Goodier Show. This meant it was written with a sense of immediacy; having to make an instant effect and each three-minute segment contains a major plot development or sound effect stunt and ends on a cliffhanger. DC acknowledged the effort in an issue Shadow of The Bat by having villains jump past a sign reading "Dirk Maggs Radio". Michael Gough reprised the role of Alfred Pennyworth from the Burton/Schumacher film series.

Newspaper

From 1943 to 1946, Batman and Robin appeared in a syndicated daily newspaper comic strip produced by the McClure Syndicate. Other versions appeared in 1953, 1966, and 1989. The original run is collected in the book Batman: The Dailies. One more comic strip series ran briefly after the success of the 1989 film.

Books

Batman appears in a novel by cyberpunk/horror novelist John Shirley, titled Batman: Dead White from Del Rey. Many other novels and short story collections featuring Batman have been published over the years, including novelizations of each of the recent movies (such as Batman and The Dark Knight Rises ) and many of the comic book arcs.

There are also several more scholarly works, aimed at either Batman's history or art, such as Les Daniels' Batman: The Complete History, Will Brooker's Batman Unmasked: Analysing a Cultural Icon and compilations such as Batman: Cover to Cover: The Greatest Comic Book Covers of the Dark Knight. In 2004, The Batman Handbook: The Ultimate Training Manual, written by Scott Beatty was published by Quirk Books ( ISBN   1-59474-023-2). Written in the same style as The Worst-Case Scenario Survival Handbook series, the book explained the basics on how to be Batman. Amongst the skills included in the book are "How to Train a Sidekick", "How to Execute a Backflip", "How to Throw a Grappling Hook", and "How to Survive a Poison Gas Attack". Finally, there are of course countless sticker, coloring, activity, and other children's books featuring the Dark Knight. [39]

Foreign comics

Novelty singles

Several musical singles featuring cast members of the television show singing in-character were released in 1966: Burgess Meredith as the Penguin in "The Capture" and "The Escape", Frank Gorshin as the Riddler in "The Riddler", and Adam West as Batman in "Miranda". In 1976 West performed a pair of novelty songs, "The Story of Batman" and "Batman and Robin", for Target Records. All six of these recordings (sans the b-sides to Gorshin and West's singles) were later included on the 1997 compilation, Batmania: Songs Inspired by Batman TV Series.

In 1966, Burt Ward also recorded a limited "disc jokey only" release with Frank Zappa called "Boy Wonder, I Love You".

Also in 1966, British novelty group The Scaffold produced a single called "Goodbat Nightman" (lyrics by Roger McGough, who "has written several poems" about Batman and Robin). [40]

Audio drama

Following the popularity of the Adam West television series, a pair of LPs were released in 1966 on MGM's "Leo the Lion" label with Jack Curtis portraying Batman and Ron Liss as Robin. The recordings proved popular due to their combination of dramatization and the Batman television theme music. More than 100,000 copies were shipped soon after the first LP was released. [41] Each album contained three dramatizations, including stories adapted from Batman comic books:

Throughout the 1970s Batman was the subject of a number of Power Records Book-and-record sets, as well as records unaccompanied by books: [42]

45 rpm book and record sets:

7" 331⁄3 rpm records (no comic):

331⁄3 rpm 12 book and record sets:

The 1980 mini-series, The Untold Legend of the Batman was available in a special "MPI Audio Edition." Each of the three issues were accompanied by an audio cassette containing a performance of the text of the issue, with musical cues.

As part of its DC Superheroes collection, in 1982 Fisher-Price released Batman: The Case of the Laughing Sphinx, an audio cassette accompanied by a hard back illustrated book.

In 2007, the audiobook publisher GraphicAudio licensed DC Comics properties to adapt as audiodramas. They have produced three adaptations of Batman novels: Batman: Dead White by John Shirley, Batman: Inferno by Alex Irvine, and Alan Grant's Batman: The Stone King. Batman also appears as a supporting cast member in the GraphicAudio's adaptations of Crisis on Infinite Earths , Infinite Crisis and JLA: Exterminators.

Podcasts

In 2020, it was announced that David Goyer had signed a deal to create an audio drama podcast for Spotify called Batman Unburied . [43] The 2022 series stars Winston Duke as Bruce Wayne and Jason Isaacs as Alfred. [44] The supporting cast includes Hasan Minhaj, Gina Rodriguez, Sam Witwer, Emmy Raver-Lampman, Jessica Marie Garcia, Jim Pirri, Lance Reddick, Toks Olagundoye, John Rhys-Davies and Ashly Burch. [45]

Batman: The Audio Adventures is a comedic radio drama podcast series featuring the DC Comics character Batman. The 2021 show, DC's first scripted podcast, [46] is produced by DC Entertainment, Blue Ribbon Content and HBO Max. The series is meant to be an homage to the original 1966 Batman TV series as well as the 1990s Batman: The Animated Series . It is directed and written by Dennis McNicholas, a writer for Saturday Night Live . [47] Production companies involved with the series were slated to consist of Insurrection Media and WarnerMedia. [48] The series was executive produced by Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, Deborah Henderson, and Jon Berg. [49]

Harley Quinn and The Joker: Sound Mind is the second podcast released under the partnership between Spotify and Warner Bros. Released in early 2023, it features Christina Ricci as Harley Quinn and Billy Magnussen as The Joker. Justin Hartley also appears voicing Bruce Wayne. [50] [51] In late 2023, the third Spotify–Warner Batman podcast, The Riddler: Secrets in the Dark, is scheduled for release. The podcast features an odd-couple team-up between Batman and The Riddler and stars Hasan Minhaj reprising his role from Batman Unburied, [52] and Colman Domingo replacing Winston Duke as Batman. [53]

Video games

Video games featuring Batman include:

Lego: Batman

Batman Arkham

Other DC Games

LittleBigPlanet

LittleBigPlanet 2 (2011) for PlayStation 3 and LittleBigPlanet PS Vita (2012) for PlayStation Vita are puzzle-platform games with several DC characters, including Batman (voiced by Gary Martin).

Other video games

Live performance

Batman Live!

During the summer/fall of 1966 Adam West and Frank Gorshin went on a tour as Batman and the Riddler to promote the new Batman movie and the series. They were usually accompanied by several bands before the featured event that saw Batman and the Riddler exchange corny jokes as well as a song performed by West. The tour most famously stopped at Shea Stadium in New York on June 25, 1966 [62] and City Park in New Orleans on November 26, 1966. [63]

Musical theatre

While a parody of a Batman musical was featured in one of the most recent series' comics, in 2002, Jim Steinman, David Ives, and Tim Burton had worked on a theatre production called Batman: The Musical although it was ultimately cancelled. Steinman has revealed five songs from the musical. The first is the opening theme for "Gotham City" and the entry of Batman with his tortured solo "The Graveyard Shift"; followed by "The Joker's Song (Where Does He Get All Those Wonderful Toys?)", "The Catwoman's Song (I Need All The Love I Can Get)", "We're Still The Children We Once Were" (the climactic sequence) and "In The Land Of The Pig The Butcher Is King", sung by the corrupt blood-suckers ruling Gotham, covered on the Meat Loaf album Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose . These songs can be heard at the Batman: The Musical memorial site, Dark Knight of the Soul.

A Batman musical is also parodied in the animated series Batman Beyond . The episode "Out of the Past" (first aired October 21, 2000) opens with Bruce Wayne and Terry McGinnis attending a performance of (a fictional) Batman: The Musical, featuring caricatures of prominent members of the Rogues Gallery (the Joker, the Penguin, Two-Face, Catwoman, Poison Ivy, and Harley Quinn). Series creator Paul Dini, who wrote the episode in question, also wrote a song for the fictitious musical entitled Superstitious and Cowardly Lot.

An episode of the sketch comedy show MADtv also featured a Batman: The Musical parody called Batman V: Out of the Cave which starred Tommy Tune as Batman, and Ben Vereen as Robin.

A live stage show was also created, called Batman Live: World Tour . The show is a unique fusion of live-action theatre, magic, stunts, digital projection and music from an 85-piece orchestra and choir. The tour began at Manchester, England, in Summer 2011 and visited arenas throughout the UK and Europe before arriving in North America in Summer 2012.

In 2012, the Internet theatre troupe StarKid Productions created a musical titled Holy Musical B@man! , which went on YouTube on April 13. It was performed in Chicago from March 16–25, and because of copyright laws, tickets were free. Batman is portrayed by Joseph (Joe) Walker.

Music

The album Knightfall by multinational Swedish band Silent Images, is based on the Batman: Knightfall story arc, with Batman serving as a central character, the "Nightly Priest". The album explores the underlying sociopolitical themes in the Batman universe, and his struggle against "The Venomous One", which is the album's interpretation of Bane. [64] [65] [66]

Fine arts

Starting with the Pop Art period, and on a continuing basis, since the 1960s, the character of Batman has been "appropriated" by multiple visual artists and incorporated into contemporary artwork, most notably by Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Mel Ramos, Dulce Pinzon, Mr. Brainwash, Raymond Pettibon, Peter Saul, and others. [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73]

Games, action figures, and other toys

Hundreds of Batman action figures, die-cast models, and other items have been released. Many companies have acquired the rights to make Batman merchandise, including:

Batman has appeared as a HeroClix figure, along with other Batman characters, in the following HeroClix sets:

For April 2006, Lego introduced a Batman line which also includes characters such as the Joker and Two-Face, at American International Toy Fair.

In 2015, Looney Labs in partnership with Cryptozoic Entertainment released a Batman-themed version of its card game Fluxx with art by Derek Ring based on The New Batman Adventures. [74]

Postage stamps

In 2006, the United States Postal Service (USPS) issued a DC Comics Superheroes pane of 20 stamps which included a stamp of Batman. [75]

To celebrate the 75th anniversary of Batman, USPS released a limited edition stamp series on October 9, 2014. [76] Four versions of the superhero were depicted from the four eras of comic book history: Golden, Silver, Bronze and Modern. In addition, it included four versions of the Bat-Signal.

Theme park attractions

The 61 metres (200 ft)-tall Batwing Spaceshot tower in the Gold Coast, Australia Batwing Spaceshot.JPG
The 61 metres (200 ft)-tall Batwing Spaceshot tower in the Gold Coast, Australia

Several Six Flags theme parks, formerly owned by Warner Bros., opened live-action "Batman Stunt Shows" as the movies increased in popularity. The now closed Six Flags Astroworld in Houston, Texas was home to a standing roller coaster known as Batman: The Escape. Six Flags Over Texas in Arlington, Texas is home to two roller coasters called Mr. Freeze, and Batman: The Ride. Six Flags México in Mexico City, Mexico has also a looping, suspended roller coaster named Batman: The Ride (Six Flags St. Louis has the same ride, as does Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois) as well as twin roller coasters named Batman and Robin: The Chiller. On the latter attraction, riders may ride on either the Batman or Robin versions of the coaster. But unfortunately in the 2007 off-season, the ride was removed after a long history of technical difficulties and occasionally breaking down. Six Flags Over Georgia contains a Gotham City area that contains the same Batman: The Ride and also features a looping coaster called The Mindbender that was adapted to fit the color tone of the Riddler after Batman Forever came out to fit the Gotham City section of the park it shares with Batman: The Ride. Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California has two Batman-themed coasters, the suspended coaster Batman: The Ride, and The Riddler's Revenge, a stand-up type roller coaster. This Six Flags park also features an entire themed area called "Gotham City" complete with architecture to match that of the fictional Gotham City. Warner Bros. Movie World in the Gold Coast, Australia, also has two Batman-themed rides. Batman Adventure – The Ride, revamped in 2001, is a motion simulator style simulator ride while Batwing Spaceshot is a vertical free-fall ride.

In 2008, The Dark Knight Coaster opened in Six Flags Great Adventure and Six Flags Great America. Based on The Dark Knight film, they are Wild Mouse roller coasters, indoors, heavily themed, and give riders a feeling that they are being stalked by the Joker. Six Flags New England was originally going to receive this roller coaster; however, due to problems with building permits, the park scratched the project and then sent the coaster to Six Flags México.

Recurring cast and characters

List indicator(s)

This section includes characters who will appear or have appeared in portrayals by actors in Batman media. Characters are listed chronologically by first portrayal.

Character Live-action film Radio Live-action television Records Animated television Animated film Video games Web series Live performance Podcasts
Bruce Wayne Lewis Wilson (1943)
Robert Lowery (1949)
Adam West (1966, 2023) A
Michael Keaton (1989, 1992, 2023)
Charles Roskilly (1989) Y
Val Kilmer (1995)
Ramsey Ellis (1995) Y
George Clooney (1997, 2023)
Eric Lloyd (1997) Y
Christian Bale (2005, 2008, 2012)
Gus Lewis (2005, 2012) Y A
Ben Affleck (2016, 2017, 2021, 2023)
Brandon Spink (2016) Y
Dante Pereira-Olson (2019)
Robert Pattinson (2022, 2026)
Oscar Novak (2022) Y 		Scott Douglas (1943) V
Stacy Harris (1945) V
Matt Crowley V
Gary Merrill V
Richard Devon (1950) V
Bob Sessions (1989–1994) V
Shelley Thompson (1989) V Y 		Adam West (1966–1968, 1979)
David Mazouz (2014–2019)
Alain Moussi (2018)
Iain Glen (2019–2022)
Warren Christie (2019–2022)
Mikhail Mudrik (2019)
Kevin Conroy (2019)		Adam West (1966, 1976) V
Jack Curtis (1966) V
Paul Ehlers (1989) V
Michael Keaton (1989) V A 		Olan Soule (1968, 1969) V
Adam West (1977–2015) V
Kevin Conroy (1992–2018) V
Rino Romano (2004–2008) V
Zachary Gordon (2008–2011) V Y
Mikey Kelley (2008–2011) V Y
Dee Bradley Baker (2008–2011) V Y
Anthony Ruivivar (2013, 2014) V
Troy Baker V
Tara Strong (2017) V Y
Will Arnett (2019) V
Diedrich Bader (2019–2023) V 		Kevin Conroy (1993–2019) V
Rino Romano (2005, 2007) V
Hynden Walch (2008) V Y
Rino Romano (2005, 2007) V
Bruce Greenwood V
Benjamin McKenzie V
Peter Weller V
Troy Baker V
Jason O'Mara V
Roger Craig Smith V
Will Arnett (2014–2019) V
Adam West (2015, 2017) V [lower-alpha 1]
Keith Ferguson V
Jimmy Kimmel V 		Kevin Conroy (1994–2024) V [lower-alpha 1]
Christian Bale (2005) V
Gary Martin (2011, 2012) V
Troy Baker (2012–2018) V
Roger Craig Smith (2013) V
Adam West (2014, 2016) V
Will Arnett (2015) V A
Kōichi Yamadera (2017) V
Michael Antonakos (2022) V 		Michael Dobson (2008–2009) V Adam West (1966)
Sam Heughan (2011–2012)
Erin Anna Jameson (2011–2012) Y 		Jeffrey Wright (2021–2022) V
Winston Duke (2022) V
Tharen Todd Jr.(2022) V Y
Justin Hartley (2023) V
Colman Domingo (2023) V
Richard John "Dick" Grayson Douglas Croft (1943)
Johnny Duncan (1949)
Burt Ward (1966)
Chris O'Donnell (1995, 1997)
Joseph Gordon-Levitt (2012) [lower-alpha 2] 		Ronald Liss (1945–1949) V
Kerry Shale (1989) V
James Goode (1994) V 		Burt Ward (1966–1968, 1979, 2019)
Brenton Thwaites (2018–2022)		Burt Ward (1966) V
Ronald Liss (1966) V 		Loren Lester (1992–1999) V
Scott Menville (2003–2023) V 		Loren Lester (1998–2017) V
Burt Ward (2015, 2017) V
Michael Cera V
Scott Menville (2018) V [lower-alpha 3]
Sean Maher V 		Loren Lester (1994–2016) V
Scott Menville (2005) V
Christopher Sean (2022) V 		Kamran Darabi-Ford (2011–2012)
Michael Pickering (2011, 2012)		 Melissa Villaseñor (2021–2022) V
Alfred Pennyworth William Austin (1943) U
Eric Wilton (1949) U
Alan Napier (1966)
Michael Gough (1989, 1992, 1995, 1997)
Jon Simmons (1997) Y
Michael Caine (2005–2012)
Jeremy Irons (2016–2021)
Douglas Hodge (2019)
Andy Serkis (2022, 2025)		Michael Gough (1989, 1994) V Alan Napier (1966–1968)
Ian Abercrombie (1997–2003)
Michael Gough (2000–2002)
Sean Pertwee (2014–2019)
Jack Bannon (2019–2022)		 Clive Revill (1992) V
Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. (1992–2004) V 		Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. (1993–2003) V
Steven Weber V
David McCallum V
Brian George V
Jim Piddock V
Jeff Bennett V
Robin Atkin Downes V
Anthony Head V
Michael Jackson V
Ralph Fiennes (2017) V
David Kaye V 		Michael Caine (2005) V
Martin Jarvis (2013) V
Gildart Jackson (2022) V 		Michael Dobson (2008–2009) V John Conroy (2011–2012) Alan Tudyk (2021–2022) V
Jason Isaacs (2022–2023) V
Vicki Vale Jane Adams (1949)
Kim Basinger (1989)		 Brooke Burns (2001)Kim Basinger (1989) V A Gabrielle Carteris (2011) V Tara Strong (2005) V
Andrea Romano (2010) V
Grey DeLisle (2011) V 		Grey DeLisle (2009–2014) V
Lorrie Singer (2011) V
Anna Vocino (2012) V
Jules de Jongh (2016) V
Erin Yvette (2016) V 		Ashly Burch (2022–2023) V
James "Jim" Gordon Lyle Talbot (1949)
Neil Hamilton (1966)
Pat Hingle (1989, 1992, 1995, 1997)
Gary Oldman (2005, 2008, 2012)
J. K. Simmons (2017, 2021)
Jeffrey Wright (2022)		 Paul Maxwell (1989, 1994) V Neil Hamilton (1966–1968)
Ben McKenzie (2014–2019)		 Lennie Weinrib (1977) V
Bob Hastings (1992–2003) V 		Bob Hastings (1993–2003) V
Jim Ward V
Jim Meskimen V
Ray Wise V
Bryan Cranston V
Gary Cole V U
David Selby V
Bruce Thomas V
Chris Cox V
Richard Epcar V
Scott Patterson V
Billy Burke V
Héctor Elizondo V 		Bob Hastings (1994–2003) V
Gavin Hammon (2005) V
Tom Kane (2009) V
Michael Jonathan Gough (2012, 2013) V 		Bob Hastings (2000–2002) V
John Fitzgerald (2008–2009) V 		Alex Giannini (2011, 2012) Kenan Thompson (2021, 2022) V
Joker Cesar Romero (1966)
Jack Nicholson (1989)
Hugo E. Blick (1989) Y
David U. Hodges (1995) Y [lower-alpha 3]
Heath Ledger (2008) [lower-alpha 1]
Jared Leto (2016, 2021)
Joaquin Phoenix (2019, 2024) [lower-alpha 4]
Barry Keoghan (2022)		Kerry Shale (1989) V Cesar Romero (1966–1968)
Roger Stoneburner (2002–2003)
Mark Hamill (2002) V
Cameron Monaghan (2014–2019) [lower-alpha 4]
Nathan Dashwood (2019–2022)
Nick Creegan (2022)		Caesar Romero (1966) V Larry Storch (1968–1972) V
Lennie Weinrib (1977) V
Mark Hamill (1992–2018) V 		Mark Hamill (1993–2016) V
John DiMaggio V
Zach Galifianakis V
Jeff Bergman (2016) V 		Mark Hamill (1994–2022) V
Troy Baker (2013) V 		Michael Dobson (2008–2009) V Mark Frost (2011, 2012) Brent Spiner (2021, 2022) V
Billy Magnussen (2023) V
Penguin Burgess Meredith (1966)
Danny DeVito (1992)
Colin Farrel (2022)		Burgess Meredith (1966–1968)
Robin Lord Taylor (2014–2019)
Colin Farrel (2024)		Burgess Meredith (1966) V Lennie Weinrib (1977) V David Ogden Stiers V
Tom Kenny V
Nolan North V
Steven Blum V
John Venzon V 		Nolan North (2012, 2013) V
Elias Toufexis (2022) V 		Alex Giannini (2011, 2012) Bobby Moynihan (2021, 2022) V
Riddler Frank Gorshin (1966)
Jim Carrey (1995)
Paul Dano (2022)		 Stuart Milligan (1994) V Frank Gorshin (1966, 1968, 1979)
John Astin (1967)
Cory Michael Smith (2014–2019)		Frank Gorshin (1966) V Frank Gorshin (1976) V
Michael Bell (1978) V 		Bruce Timm (2010) V
Matthew Gray Gubler V
Geoffrey Arend V
Rob Paulsen V
Conan O'Brien V 		Wally Wingert (2013) V Frank Gorshin (1966)
Christopher Price (2011, 2012)		 John Leguizamo (2021–2022) V
Hasan Minhaj (2022–2023) V
Catwoman Lee Meriweather (1966)
Michelle Pfeiffer (1992)
Halle Berry (2004) [lower-alpha 4]
Anne Hathaway (2012)
Zoe Kravitz (2022)		 Lorelei King (1989, 1994) V Julie Newmar (1966–1967) [lower-alpha 4]
Eartha Kitt (1967–1968) [lower-alpha 4]
Casey Elizabeth Easlick (2002–2003)
Camren Bicondova (2014–2019)
Lili Simmons (2014–2019)		Unknown (1976) V Melendy Britt (1977) V Eliza Dushku V
Katherine Von Till V
Tress MacNeille V
Julie Newmar (2016, 2017) V [lower-alpha 4]
Zoe Kravitz (2017) V
Cree Summer V 		Grey DeLisle (2012) V Adrienne Barbeau (2000–2002) V Emma Clifford (2011–2012) Rosario Dawson (2021–2022) V
Mr. Freeze Arnold Schwarzenegger (1997) George Sanders (1966) [lower-alpha 4]
Otto Preminger (1967) [lower-alpha 4]
Eli Wallach [lower-alpha 4]
Nathan Darrow (2014–2019)		 George Sanders (1966) V Lennie Weinrib (1977) V
Michael Ansara V
Jim Meskimen V 		Oded Fehr V
Eli Wallach V
David Burrows V
Maurice LaMarche (2012, 2014) V
Donald Chang (2022) V
Barbara Gordon Alicia Silverstone (1997) [lower-alpha 2]
Hannah Gunn (2008) [lower-alpha 3] 		Shelley Thompson (1989, 1994) V Yvonne Craig (1967–1972)
Dina Meyer (2003, 2019)
Jeté Laurence (2019)
Savannah Welch (2021–2022)		Jane Webb (1968) V
Melendy Britt (1977) V
Melissa Gilbert (1992–1995) V
Tara Strong (1997–2023) V 		Mary Kay Bergman (1998) V
Tara Strong (2000–2016) V
Sarah Hyland (2016) V
Rosario Dawson (2017) V
Alyson Stoner (2018, 2019) V
Rachel Bloom (2019) V
Peyton R. List (2019) V 		Tara Strong (2001–2021) V
Kimberly Brooks (2009, 2012) V
Kelsey Lansdowne (2013) V
Ashley Greene (2014) V
America Young (2022) V 		Tara Strong (2000–2002) V Gina Rodriguez (2022–2023) V
Scarecrow Cillian Murphy (2005, 2008, 2012)James Goode (1994) V David W. Thompson (2018–2019)
Rahul Kohli (2019)
Vincent Kartheiser (2021)		 Ted Knight (1968) V
Don Messick (1978) V
Andre Stojka (1985) V
Henry Polic II (1992–1995) V
Jeffrey Combs (1997–1999) V
Charlie Tahan (2014–2018) V
Dee Bradley Baker (2008–2011) V 		Corey Burton (2008) V
Christian Lanz (2014) V
Michael Rosenbaum (2015) V
Brian T. Delaney (2015) V
John DiMaggio (2016) V
Jason Mantzoukas (2017) V
Jim Meskimen (2019) V
Chris Cox (2019) V
Dwight Schultz (2020) V
Robin Atkin Downes (2021) V 		Cillian Murphy (2005) V
Robert Englund (2017) V 		Benos Noble (2011–2012)
Ian Henderson (2011–2012)		 Bradley Whitford 2022) V
Ra's al Ghul Liam Neeson (2005, 2012)
Josh Pence (2012) Y 		Garrick Hagon (1989) V Alexander Siddig (2014–2019) David Warner (1992–2001) V Jason Isaacs V
Giancarlo Esposito V 		Liam Neeson (2005) V
Talia al Ghul Marion Cotillard (2012)
Joey King (2012) Y 		Lorelei King (1989) V Lexa Doig (2017–2020) Helen Slater (1992–1995) V
Olivia Hussey (1996–2001) V 		Morena Baccarin V
Zehra Fazal V
Harvey Dent Billy Dee Williams (1989)
Tommy Lee Jones (1995)
Aaron Eckhart (2008, 2012) A 		Nicholas D'Agosto (2014–2019)
Unknown (2018) A C
Misha Collins (2023)		 Richard Moll (1992–2010) V
Christopher McDonald (2013–2014) V
Billy Dee Williams (2017)
Robin Atkin Downes V
Wade Williams V
Dave Boat V
Gary Cole V
Josh Duhamel V
Troy Baker V
William Shatner (2017) V
Bruce Timm (2019) V
Christian Lanz V 		Troy Baker (2012) V John Fitzgerald (2008–2009) V Garry Lake (2011–2012)
Christopher D. Hunt (2011–2012)		 Ike Barinholtz (2021–2022) V
Poison Ivy Uma Thurman (1997) Clare Foley (2014–2016) [lower-alpha 2]
Maggie Geha (2017–2018) [lower-alpha 2]
Peyton List (2018–2019) [lower-alpha 2]
Bridget Regan (2021–2022)		 Diane Pershing (1992–2003) V
Lake Bell (2019-2023) V 		Tara Strong V
Riki Lindhome V
Vanessa Marshall V
Paget Brewster (2017) V 		Vanessa Marshall (2008) V
Cyndi Williams (2011) V
Tasia Valenza (2009–2017) V
Laura Bailey (2012) V
Tara Strong (2014) V 		Diane Pershing (2000–2002) V Valerie Murzak (2011–2012) Emmy Raver-Lampman (2022) V
Harley Quinn Margot Robbie (2016, 2020, 2021)
Lady Gaga (2024)		 Mia Sara (2003)
Cassidy Alexa (Tara Strong V ) (2013) [lower-alpha 3]
Francesca Root-Dodson (2018–2019) [lower-alpha 3] 		Arleen Sorkin (1992–2003) V
Tara Strong V
Kaley Cuoco (2019–2023) V 		Arleen Sorkin (2000) V
Tara Strong V
Jenny Slate V
Melissa Rauch (2017) V
Sirena Irwin (2017) V 		Arleen Sorkin (2009, 2011) V
Tara Strong (2011–2023) V
Kari Wahlgren (2022) V 		Arleen Sorkin (2000–2002) V
Tara Strong (2015) V 		Poppy Tierney (2011, 2012) Gillian Jacobs (2021–2022) V
Christina Ricci (2023) V
Bane Robert Swenson (1997) [lower-alpha 4]
Tom Hardy (2012)
Peter Marinker (1994) V Shane West (2014–2019) [lower-alpha 4] Henry Silva V
Joaquim de Almeida V
Ron Perlman V
Clancy Brown V
Michael Dorn V
Danny Trejo V
Héctor Elizondo V
Carlos Alazraqui V
Jason Liebrecht V
Steve Blum V
JB Blanc V
Doug Benson V
James Adomian V 		Doug Benson V Fred Tatasciore (2009) V
  1. 1 2 3 Includes posthumous performance
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 The character retains only part of their real name from the source material.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 The character's identity is not given but elements such as their story arc or relationships are consistent.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 The character appears with an entirely different real name to that in the source material.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "The Flash Movie Enlists Composer Benjamin Wallfisch". The Hollywood Reporter. April 19, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
  2. ↑ "Court of Owls will fly in 'Batman vs. Robin'". USA Today. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  3. ↑ Ashcraft, Brian (December 1, 2017). "First Look At The Batman Ninja Anime". Kotaku . Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  4. 1 2 Zahed, Ramin (April 26, 2023). "Holy Animated Content! Amazon Nabs Two New 'Batman' Shows and a Movie". Animation Magazine . Retrieved April 26, 2023.
  5. ↑ Melissa, Billie (November 14, 2023). "Luke Wilson Is Bruce Wayne in Merry Little Batman". Men's Journal | Streaming. Retrieved November 14, 2023.
  6. ↑ Harvey, James (November 22, 2023). ""Justice League: Crisis On Infinite Earths" Trilogy Teaser Trailer Released". The World's Finest. Retrieved November 25, 2023.
  7. ↑ Harvey, James (August 24, 2023). ""Justice League x RWBY, Part Two" Animated Film Hits Oct. 2023". The World's Finest. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
  8. ↑ Uslan, Michael E. (2011). The Boy Who Loved Batman: A Memoir. Chronicle Books.
  9. ↑ "Epilogue". Archived from the original on May 16, 2016. Retrieved 2010-01-02.
  10. ↑ "'Green Lantern' And 'Wonder Woman' Animated Sequels Aren't Happening, Says Bruce Timm". mtv.com. Retrieved January 11, 2017.
  11. ↑ @JTuckerAnimator (August 21, 2017). "@An_EqualSociety @teentitansgo9 @Loncry513 @marvwolfman @perezartist @tarastrong @taissafarmiga @_samliu_…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  12. 1 2 "The DC Animation Resource". The World's Finest.
  13. ↑ MacNabb, Matt. "The Batman vs. Hush Scrapped DTV Animated Film". Legionsofgotham.org. Retrieved October 10, 2013.
  14. ↑ "The World's Finest - the Batman". Archived from the original on January 28, 2007.
  15. ↑ "Batman Comics That Should Be Animated Movies - ScreenRant". screenrant.com. November 12, 2015.
  16. ↑ "NYCC 2016: The "Justice League Dark" Roundtables: Jason O'Mara, James Tucker, Jay Oliva, Phil Bourassa, and Matt Ryan". ToonZone. October 17, 2016. Archived from the original on July 14, 2018. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
  17. ↑ @jayoliva1 (August 30, 2017). "@An_EqualSociety @ADG800 @justiceleagueuk @justiceleaguewb @WonderWomanFilm Hi Joaquin! I have no idea. My last DC…" (Tweet). Retrieved September 27, 2018– via Twitter.
  18. ↑ DeMatteis, J.M. [@JMDeMatteis] (September 19, 2017). "@An_EqualSociety Actually, I'd like to adapt my Batman story "Going Sane". I think it'd make a great movie" (Tweet). Archived from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2022– via Twitter.
  19. ↑ Birds of Prey TV (2002) Long promo. YouTube .
  20. ↑ Birds of Prey TV (2002) Long promo original. YouTube .
  21. ↑ "David Mazouz Will Become Batman Before Gotham Ends, But He Won't be the One in the Batsuit". io9. February 6, 2019. Retrieved May 5, 2019.
  22. ↑ Del Rosario, Alexandra (December 13, 2021). "'Gotham Knights' Drama In Works At the CW From 'Batwoman' Trio Natalie Abrams, Chad Fiveash & James Stoteraux And Berlanti Prods". Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved December 13, 2021.
  23. ↑ White, Peter (February 3, 2022). "'Walker: Independence', 'The Winchesters' & 'Gotham Knights' Land Pilot Orders At The CW". Deadline. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
  24. ↑ Sherlock, Ben (May 23, 2022). "10 Best Batman References In The Simpsons". ScreenRant. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  25. ↑ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (July 23, 2010). "Comic-Con 2010: Young Justice Goes Under Cover". UGO Networks. Archived from the original on July 26, 2010. Retrieved July 23, 2010.
  26. ↑ "Teen Titans Go! | No Awards for the Titans! | Cartoon Network - YouTube". YouTube. January 5, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
  27. ↑ Harvey, James (October 4, 2011). ""Beware The Batman" CGI Animated Series Coming For 2013, "DC Nation" Updates". Worldsfinestonline.com. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  28. ↑ "Cartoon Network announces Justice League Action". Entertainment Weekly's EW.com.
  29. ↑ Hibberd, James (May 19, 2021). "Batman Animated Series from J.J. Abrams and Matt Reeves Coming to HBO Max". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  30. ↑ Petski, Denise (August 22, 2022). "Batman: Caped Crusader Series Not Moving Forward At HBO Max". Deadline Hollywood .
  31. ↑ "Heat Vision". view.email.hollywoodreporter.com. Retrieved August 27, 2022.
  32. ↑ "'Batman: Caped Crusader' Lands Two-Season Order at Amazon After Being Axed at HBO Max". March 9, 2023.
  33. ↑ Club, Comic Book (December 6, 2023). "Ed Brubaker On Batman: Caped Crusader Vs Batman: The Animated Series". Comic Book Club. Retrieved December 8, 2023.
  34. ↑ "'Gotham High': The Animated Teen Batman Show That Almost Was". /Film. January 11, 2011.
  35. ↑ "Backstage - Rejected/Unproduced Series & Movie Pitches". Worldsfinestonline.com. n.d. Archived from the original on October 21, 2016. An animated series based on the acclaimed Batman comic storyline "No Man's Land" has been a popular premise, with multiple attempted made. The piece of artwork above, by character designer Coran Stone, is one of the more notable attempts. Stone said he was selected by producer James Tucker to do the character designs for a "No Man's Land"-based cartoon, but the project was ultimate scrapped since it was considered "too dark".
  36. ↑ "Backstage - Rejected/Unproduced Series & Movie Pitches". Worldsfinestonline.com. n.d. Archived from the original on October 21, 2016. A second attempt to create an animated series based on the "No Man's Land" comics was attempted, this time with a CG-animation bent to it. Also stalled for the dark premise, James Tucker would have been producer for this mid/late 2000s series. The design artwork above does not have an artist listed.
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