Gran Turismo[a][b] (GT) is a series of sim racing video games developed by Polyphony Digital.[7] Released for PlayStation systems, Gran Turismo games are intended to emulate the appearance and performance of a large selection of vehicles, most of which are licensed reproductions of real-world automobiles. Since the franchise's debut in 1997, over 90 million units have been sold worldwide, making it the highest selling video game franchise under the PlayStation brand.[8][9][10]
Handling of the vehicles in Gran Turismo games is based on the principles of real-world physics, requiring the player to understand real race driving techniques to be competitive, although various assists are available for less experienced drivers.[11][12][13] The series features a wide variety of vehicles, ranging from everyday cars to exotic sports cars and purpose-built racing cars, and from classics to modern cars.[14][15] Various modifications can usually be made to the cars to alter their performance and appearance.[16] The games often include numerous tracks to drive on, with both laser scanned replicas of real-world venues and fictional tracks appearing throughout the series.[17][18] The series also performed as technical support for cars in the LMP1 class of the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the Nürburgring 24-hour race.[19]
Gran Turismo games typically feature a single-player campaign with numerous races, championships, license tests and other challenges.[20][21][22] Completing these events rewards the player with prizes such as in-game money, which can be used to purchase new vehicles or upgrade existing ones.[23][24] Players generally start with slower and cheaper cars and build up a garage featuring faster and more expensive cars as they progress through the game.[25][26][27] Newer instalments in the series have also included an online multiplayer element, which features both competitive and casual play.[28][29] Notable competitions held on Gran Turismo include the Gran Turismo World Series and the former GT Academy.[30][31][32]
The Gran Turismo series is known for its accurate driving physics emulation, a large number of licensed vehicles, attention to vehicle detail, the ability to tune a car's performance, and realistic graphics.[38][39][40] Its physics emulation includes "real-world dynamics such as weight transfer, suspension response, and understeer/oversteer characteristics".[41][40][42] The Sim has been a flagship for the PlayStation console's graphics capabilities, and is often used to demonstrate the system's potential.[43] It has a replay system shown with a cinematic presentation.[41] The physics of the vehicles are based on their real-life counterparts, and they are represented in the PlayStation controllers' rumble features and in specialized racing wheels designed for Gran Turismo and sim racing.[38][41][44]
Although Gran Turismo has an arcade mode, most gameplay derives from its simulation mode.[45][46][47] Players start with a certain number of credits, usually 10,000, which are used to purchase vehicles from several manufacturer-specific shops, or (more likely at the beginning) from used car dealers, and then tune their car at the appropriate parts store for best performance.[25][26][27] Certain events are open only to particular types of vehicles.[48] In order to enter and progress through more difficult races, a license-testing system has been implemented, which guides players through skill development.[49][50][51] Players may apply prize money won in events to upgrade their existing car or buy a new one, collecting a garage of vehicles. Gran Turismo was first modern simulator of the 21st century to introduce racing with a wheel, instead of a controller.[52]
The series' origins can be traced back to 1992, when Kazunori Yamauchi, at the time an employee at Sony Computer Entertainment Japan, started developing the original Gran Turismo with a team named Polys Entertainment; that started with five people and eventually became seventeen.[38][39] The development took five years to complete.[53] In comparison to the era's other racing games, which had "over-simplified" arcade-style racing with exaggerated car movement, Gran Turismo is a complex racing simulator.[38] Sony initially rejected Yamauchi's pitch for a realistic racing sim.[54] However, his team was still working on it as a side project. After the success of the team's other arcade racing games, Motor Toon Grand Prix and Motor Toon Grand Prix 2, he pitched the idea to Sony again, and they accepted it.[39]
The first Gran Turismo essentially has role-playing elements; players start the sim with "entry-level cars" which can be upgraded over time, and faster cars can be bought with prize money from winning races.[38][39] The complexities of the simulation are taught to the player through in-sim driving tests.[39] It has a realistic visual style which demonstrated the PlayStation's visual capabilities, and had a roster of licensed vehicles larger than any other sim at the time, at 150.[38][39] The vehicles can also be customized.[39] The game's content was accessible via icons in a hub world.[38] The sim was released for the PlayStation in Japan in 1997, 1998 for North America, Europe, and other territories. By mid-1998, it had sold two million copies in Japan. Polyphony Digital was founded shortly after the sims's release. Gran Turismo 2 was released for the PlayStation in Japan and North America in 1999, and PAL regions in 2000.[39] Players could now compete in rally events, and had a larger roster of cars, at 650.[38][39] Seven tracks are available for racing, two of them available in reversed layouts.[38] The size of the sim meant it had to be put onto two discs.[39]
The next four sims were released on PlayStation 2 (PS2). Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec was released in 2001, originally titled Gran Turismo 2000. The player can maintain their car by changing its oil and washing it in the new "GT Auto" area. Endurance events are racing marathons where the player drives around the same track for a long time, performing pit stops, with the winning prize being a new car.[38] Three versions of a spin-off sim, Gran Turismo Concept, were released in 2002: Gran Turismo Concept: 2001 Tokyo, Gran Turismo Concept: 2002 Tokyo-Seoul, and Gran Turismo Concept: 2002 Tokyo-Geneva. Gran Turismo 4 Prologue was released in 2003. The series' subtitle has been "The Real Driving Simulator" since the first Gran Turismo, according to Polyphony Digital.[55] The sim's list was significantly larger than A-Spec's, at 700. The hub world was expanded to be much larger. New modes included a photography mode, and a mode where the player acts as a "mogul" of an AI racer the player employs. The AI racer, known as the "B driver", races on the player's behalf, and gains driving skills over their career. They can perform endurance events.[38]
A youth-focused Gran Turismo was announced in November 2004[56] with a scheduled release date of 2005,[57] though the sim was not released at that time. In September 2006, Kazunori Yamauchi confirmed the sim was still in development.[58] In April 2008, while discussing plans for Gran Turismo 5, Kazunori Yamauchi was quoted as saying, "we're hoping to make Gran Turismo for Boys a feature within GT5."[59] In a 2013 interview with GTPlanet, Kazunori Yamauchi said that the 2009 game Gran Turismo was a rendition of the Gran Turismo for Boys idea, and there was no need for a separate sim.[60]
Sony demonstrated an updated version of Gran Turismo 4, Vision Gran Turismo, at E3 2005, and it would be the basis for Gran Turismo 5 when it released years later.[38] Yamauchi said that developing for the PlayStation 3 (PS3) was a "nightmare", and the game's release was delayed multiple times.[39][61]Gran Turismo 4 Online Test Version, Polyphony's test of future series development, was released for the PS2 in 2006. It featured online play, which was a feature cut out of Gran Turismo 4 mid-development. When online, players could join races seeking entrants, look at other players' profiles, or join up a chat room to talk over private races with up to 100 people at once.[62][63]Gran Turismo HD Concept, a demo, was the first PS3 sim in the series, and released in 2006. It had ten playable cars and one track.[64]
Since Gran Turismo 5 Prologue launched on the PS3 in 2007, the series has included online play. The sim enabled users to race online with up to 16 players on track at once.
Another installment titled simply Gran Turismo was released for the PlayStation Portable in 2009. It has 800 cars and 35 tracks, each track having a reversed layout version. It also does not have the series' traditional career mode; instead, IGN wrote, it was "just racing".[65]Gran Turismo 5 was shown off at E3 2009, and released for the PS3 in 2010. It was the first game in the series to have the GT Academy, a former initiative in which players of the game could became real-life motorsport racers.[38] According to Yamauchi, the cars in the first two sims were made from 300 polygons,[66] while those in Gran Turismo 3 and 4 were made up of 4,000 polygons,[67] and the "premium cars" in Gran Turismo 5 were made up of 500,000 ("standard cars" are slightly more detailed versions of those in Gran Turismo 4).[68]Gran Turismo 6 was released for the PS3 in 2013, and was unannounced until shortly before its release.[38] It released after the PlayStation 4 (PS4) was already out, which resulted from the same development issues that effected Gran Turismo 5.[39][61] Players now had 1,200 cars to drive with.[38]
Yamauchi said the PS4 was much easier to develop for.[39]Gran Turismo Sport was then released for the console in 2017.[38] The sim was the first in the series to focus on online-only racing, meaning it has no single-player mode. It also did not include a career mode, and thus, the idea of "car ownership".[38] The sim received post-release content at no charge, including cars and tracks, along with offline events, as well as bug fixes.[69] The most recent sim in the series, Gran Turismo 7, was revealed at the PS5 Future of Gaming event in 2020.[70] The title was developed for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5,[71][72] and was released in 2022.[38] The sim brought back the series' usual career mode.[38]
Other releases
During Christmas 1998, a special promotional demo of Gran Turismo was included with the PlayStation console.[73] The demo was limited to an Arcade Mode race at Clubman Stage Route 5 with three cars (Subaru Impreza WRX, Honda NSX, and Chevrolet Corvette), with the race limited to ninety seconds. Other demos existed in other regions with different restrictions.
Gran Turismo 2000 was a demo on display at E3 2000 and 2001, promoting the capabilities of the PlayStation 2.[74] Due to a delay in the release date, the name of the final version of the sim was changed to Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec.[75] A demo version of the sim was given out for the visitors of PlayStation Festival 2000, allowing the players to drive a Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution V in Seattle Circuit for two minutes.
In the summer of 2004, Toyota sent a demo disc of GT4 along with a marketing brochure for its 2004 Priushybrid car by way of customer request from their website.[76] The demo was also given out at a presentation of the Toyota MTRC at the New York International Auto Show. The demo disc featured only two cars, namely the Prius and the Toyota MTRC concept car. Two tracks were included, Fuji Speedway ('90s version) and Grand Canyon rally track, but each was limited to two minutes of play time. Toyota stopped offering the demo discs when the requests for the marketing brochure became disproportional to the real interest in their cars. The disc became a collectible item for Prius owners and is still sometimes available via auction at eBay. The game ran on a modified GT4P engine.
The Gran Turismo 4 – BMW 1-Series demo disc features two models of the BMW 1 Series (120i and 120d), and three Gran Turismo 4 tracks – including the Nürburgring (driving around this circuit was limited to three minutes). BMW customers in the United Kingdom who ordered a 1-series before its official release date were invited to a private event at the Rockingham Motor Speedway in Northamptonshire. On departure from the event, all guests were given a pack containing the demo disc. The game ran on a modified pre-release GT4 engine.
With the release of the Nissan Micra Roma, Nissan distributed a press kit for each concessionaire in several countries in Europe to promote the car. This press kit included several photographs, a press information booklet and three discs. One of the discs included in this kit is an official Gran Turismo demo named Nissan Micra Edition. Similarly, the Gran Turismo – Nissan 350Z Edition demo disc also comes in one of the many press kits available for the Nissan 350Z in the United States. There is no confirmation that a European version exists. The press kit containing the game demo comes with two other discs inside a silver folder. An additional booklet with information and pictures of the Nissan 350Z is also included. The game ran on a modified Gran Turismo Concept engine and races are limited on 150 seconds. Only Côte d'Azur, not available in Gran Turismo Concept but available in Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec, was the available course.
Tourist Trophy is a motorcycle racing sim released on 26 January 2006. It was designed by Polyphony Digital. It was largely created off of the Gran Turismo 4 sim engine. Tourist Trophy is one of only four titles for the PlayStation 2 that is capable of 1080i output, the others being Gran Turismo 4 and the Japanese version of Valkyrie Profile 2: Silmeria. Polyphony Digital reused the physics engine, graphical user interface and all but one of the circuits found in Gran Turismo 4. The number of AI racers was reduced from the series' usual five to only three. Tourist Trophy also uses the License School feature that was popularized by the Gran Turismo series, as well as the Photo Mode introduced in Gran Turismo 4. The B-spec mode, which appeared in Gran Turismo 4, was removed from Tourist Trophy.
The Gran Turismo Academy Time Trial demo was released on 17 December 2009.[77] It featured the Indianapolis GP Circuit for the first time in the franchise's history and also included a tuned and stock Nissan 370Z. The object of the Time Trial was as the first stage of the 2010 GT Academy to find two of the best Gran Turismo drivers to end up competing in a real racing car in a real racing series. The demo showed off a new physics model and some graphical improvements to GT5 Prologue but was also criticised. Its primary objective was as the first stage of the 2010 GT Academy and not as a demonstration of the upcoming Gran Turismo 5.
Polyphony Digital has collaborated with peripherals manufacturer Logitech and auto parts maker Sparco to design official driving simulator kits for the Gran Turismo franchise. The most recent product designation is Driving Force GT. Two other racing wheels are compatible with Gran Turismo.
In 2009, radio-control model car company HPI Racing released an official RC car tie-in: the HPI E10 RTR Ford GT LM Race Car Spec II designed by Gran Turismo (200mm), a pre-built officially licensed radio-control car kit built to look exactly like the cover car for Gran Turismo 4 . Plans for future releases include releasing more kits to replicate other Gran Turismo cover cars.
Sponsorships and partnerships with the car industry
Mitsubishi said their Lancer Evolution VIII model was brought to the United States partially because of the Evolution line's inclusion in Gran Turismo.
The GT Academy was a driver discovery/development program initiated through a partnership between Sony Computer Entertainment Europe, Polyphony Digital, and Nissan Europe.[32] The program lasted from 2008 to 2016.[31]
2011 GT Academy winner Jann Mardenborough joins competitors at the UK National Final in 2013.
Online qualifiers were held within Gran Turismo, with the top qualifiers being invited to National Finals in each participating country. The top winners of each country were sent to a Race Camp held at Silverstone, UK for the final selection. The winners were to undergo an intensive Driver Development Program designed by Nissan with the intention to train and license them into a professional driver, competing in races worldwide. The four winning drivers were to join the Nismo Global Driver Exchange and go on to race in the following years' Dubai 24 Hour. Winners of the Gran Turismo Academy include Lucas Ordóñez, Jordan Tresson and Jann Mardenborough, who have all gone on to compete in professional real-life racing. Some of these winners, who would normally be seen as "non-professionals", have received praise relating to how they are as skilled as drivers with years of experience. Based on this merit, four GT Academy drivers have been barred entry to the British GT (specifically the 'gentleman driver' section of the competition).[89]
The Gran Turismo World Series is a series of Gran Turismo tournaments held around the world since 2018.[90] The competition was known as the FIA Certified Gran Turismo Championships until the end of the 2021 season.[91]
Olympic Virtual Series
In 2021, the FIA and the International Olympic Committee collaborated and hosted the Olympic Virtual Series, in which Gran Turismo Sport was used as one of the games used to host the motorsport event. The motorsport virtual series was an online time trial competition, in which entry is open to all players of Gran Turismo Sport's Sport Mode.[92]
In 2023, it was announced that Gran Turismo would be a part of the Olympics Esports Series 2023 as the motorsport event.[93]Gran Turismo 7 was used for the inaugural Olympic Esports Week motorsport event in Singapore, held from 22 June to 25 June, and the final was won by France's Kylian Drumont.[94]
The Gran Turismo sim series has been one of the most popular over its lifetime, appealing to an audience ranging from amateur to professional sim racers like Igor Fraga.
In 2017, Edge said the first Gran Turismo was one of the 10 greatest video games of the last 20 years.[110]Gran Turismo 2,[111]Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec,[112][113]Gran Turismo 4,[114][115] and Gran Turismo 5[116] have all been named by different organizations as one of the best games of all time. Gran Turismo Sport's changes to series tradition were initially controversial among fans, but it ultimately became a popular game for esports competitions.[38]Gran Turismo 7 was strongly criticized by players for its implementation of microtransactions and a "pay-to-play" system. The user score in Metacritic as of 20 March 2022 is 2.2 out of 10, which is Sony's lowest user rating and the lowest score in PlayStation exclusive history on the site to date.[117][118]
Because of the success of the Gran Turismo series, Guinness World Records awarded the series seven world records in the Guinness World Records: Gamer's Edition 2008. These records include "Largest Number of Cars in a Racing Game", "Highest Selling PlayStation Game", "Oldest Car in a Racing Game", and "Largest Instruction Guide for a Racing Game". The success of the series has led to other studios creating simulation racing games similar to the franchise. An early example was Advan Racing by Atlus, which was released for the original PlayStation in November 1998.[119]Sega's answer to the franchise, Sega GT, was released on the short-lived Dreamcast console and later had a sequel on the original Xbox before the franchise died off after low sales. Turn 10 would later create the Forza Motorsport series for the Xbox consoles, which later saw releases on Windows, which has been often seen as the primary rival of the Gran Turismo series. Other similar titles include Driving Emotion Type-S by Square and Enthusia Professional Racing by Konami.
In 2005, Maeda Corporation, in association with Tokyo University of Science, researched the feasibility of making a real-life replica version of the fictional Grand Valley Speedway used in the series.[120]
In acknowledgment of the Mount Panorama Circuit's inclusion in Gran Turismo 6, the City of Bathurst in Australia unveiled a new street called Gran Turismo Drive in December 2013. Mayor of Bathurst, Gary Rush said "Driving a lap of our world famous motor racing circuit is a life changing experience for those who have the chance, and the Bathurst Regional Council is very excited about opening up the Mount Panorama experience through the launch of Gran Turismo 6."[121] Also in 2013, series creator Kazunori Yamauchi had a street named in honor of him in the city of Ronda, Spain. Named Paseo de Kazunori Yamauchi, the street snakes around the Parador de Ronda. According to Ronda's city mayor Maria de la Paz Fernandez Lobato, "There is no doubt that his work has a huge cultural resonance with people today. He has driven the racing game genre to new levels of realism and his creations are as much art as technology. Ronda’s association with Gran Turismo is also a reflection that our ancient city is a modern, vibrant place to live and very much part of the 21st century."[122]
Sales
As of 16 November 2022, more than 90 million copies of Gran Turismo titles have been sold.[123] It is the highest-selling sim series on PlayStation consoles.[39] The first Gran Turismo sold just under 11 million copies, making it the highest-selling sim on the original PlayStation. Gran Turismo 2 is the third-best selling sim on the console, at 9 million.[39] As of 2022, Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec was the highest-selling out of the entire series, at 15 million copies.[38][39] It was also the second-highest selling game on the PS2, behind Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas.[39][124]Gran Turismo 4 was the third best-selling game on the console. Gran Turismo 5 was the second-highest selling out of the entire series, which IGN attributes to the long wait between the series' main installments.[39] Gran Turismo 6 sold half-the copies of the previous game, being even lower than 5 Prologue.[39][61]
At the Jalopnik Film Festival, Kazunori announced a documentary film covering the past 15 years of the game series up until that point, titled KAZ: Pushing The Virtual Divide. It was released on 22 January 2014 on Hulu.[128]
On 26 May 2022, a new iteration of the Gran Turismo film was revealed to be in development, with Neill Blomkamp eyed to direct.[134] On 14 June 2022, it was confirmed that Blomkamp would direct and announced that the film would be released on 11 August 2023, which is intended to be a non-fiction Bildungsroman focusing on GT Academy 2011 graduate Jann Mardenborough and his transition from gamer to race car driver.[135] It was also confirmed that Jason Hall and Zach Baylin would write the screenplay.[136] Asad Qizilbash, Carter Swan, Doug Belgrad and Dana Brunetti will serve as producers. David Harbour is set to star in the film as Jack Salter, who teaches Mardenborough how to drive a real car.[137]Archie Madekwe will play Jann Mardenborough, with Orlando Bloom as Danny Moore. Filming began in November 2022 in Hungary, and wrapped in December.[138][139]Darren Barnet will play a racer who is ranked at the top at the GT academy and who is not thrilled to see Mardenborough excel.[140] Both Djimon Hounsou and Geri Halliwell-Horner will play Mardenborough's parents and Daniel Puig as his brother, Josha Stradowski as Mardenborough's rival and Thomas Kretschmann as his father.[141]
Gran Turismo 4 is a 2004 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is the fourth main installment and the sixth overall in the Gran Turismo series. It was released on December 28, 2004, in Japan and Hong Kong, February 22, 2005, in North America, and March 9, 2005, in Europe, and has since been re-issued under Sony's Greatest Hits brand.
Polyphony Digital Inc. is an internal Japanese first-party video game development studio for PlayStation Studios. Originally a development group within Sony Computer Entertainment's Japan Studio known as Polys Entertainment, after the success of Gran Turismo in Japan, they were granted greater autonomy, reestablished as an individual company and renamed themselves Polyphony Digital. It currently has four studios: two studios in Japan, one studio in the Netherlands, and another one in the United States.
Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec is a 2001 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is the third installment in the Gran Turismo series. During its demonstration at E3 2000 and E3 2001, the game was known under the working title Gran Turismo 2000.
Gran Turismo 2 is a 1999 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It is the sequel to Gran Turismo, the second installment of the Gran Turismo series, and the first video game to be developed by Polyphony Digital.
Kazunori Yamauchi, nicknamed "Kaz", is a Japanese game designer and racing driver. He is the CEO of Polyphony Digital and producer of the Gran Turismo video game series.
Gran Turismo HD Concept is a sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is the first installment of the Gran Turismo racing video game series to be released on the console. It was made available as a free download which was released on the PlayStation Store on December 24, 2006. A Blu-ray Disc version, called "Install Disc", was released in Japan in limited quantities in September 2007. The game was intended to be a sneak preview, in the likes of Gran Turismo Concept, preceding the release of a full version title, but the Gran Turismo HD project was canceled and replaced by Gran Turismo 5 Prologue.
Motor Toon Grand Prix is a 1994 kart racing video game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It was released exclusively in Japan. The game and its sequel were directed by Kazunori Yamauchi, and are precursors to his subsequent racing series Gran Turismo.
Gran Turismo is a 1997 sim racing video game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It was directed by Kazunori Yamauchi and produced by Shuhei Yoshida. It is the first game in the Gran Turismo series.
The Vision Gran Turismo program is a simulator program used by many car manufacturers, such as Mercedes-Benz, Ferrari and Bugatti. These cars appeared originally in Gran Turismo 6, and later made an appearance in each subsequent Gran Turismo installment, all developed by Polyphony Digital. For the most part, they apply present-day technology and materials, with a handful of notable exceptions that utilize novel propulsion and aerodynamic technologies. Their appearance as free update content has been staggered since the launch of GT6 in 2013, with each one being available for download upon release.
Gran Turismo is a 2009 sim racing video game by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable. The game was announced at Sony's E3 press conference on May 11, 2004, alongside the original PSP. Following five years of delays and speculation, during which it was variously known as Gran Turismo Portable, Gran Turismo 4 Mobile, Gran Turismo 5 Mobile and Gran Turismo 4.5, it made a reappearance at E3 on June 2, 2009, in playable form. It was released on October 1, 2009, as one of the launch titles for the new PSP Go. As of September 2017, Gran Turismo has sold 4.67 million units, making it one of the best-selling PSP games. On June 1, 2010, the game was re-released as part of Sony's Greatest Hits budget line of video games.
Gran Turismo 5 is a 2010 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is the fifth main installment and the tenth overall in the Gran Turismo series. It was released on November 24, 2010, in Europe and North America, and November 25, 2010, in Japan and Australasia. It was preceded by the Prologue version and is the first main entry of the series to be released for the PlayStation 3.
Gran Turismo 5 Prologue is a 2007 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is the eighth overall installment in the Gran Turismo series. Gran Turismo 5 Prologue is a precursor to Gran Turismo 5, in celebration of the series' tenth anniversary.
Gran Turismo Concept is a 2002 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is the fourth overall installment the Gran Turismo series. The full game was unreleased in the North American market, although a stripped-down version of it was released in form of Gran Turismo: Nissan 350Z Edition.
The Gran Turismo official steering wheels are a series of racing wheels designed by Logitech in collaboration with Polyphony Digital. These racing games controllers are designed to be used with the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3 systems but later models can be used on PC as well due to their USB connection. The GT Force is the central part of a driving simulation cockpit installation. Official kits are co-designed and released in Japan by Logicool and Sparco, while compatible kits are designed and released worldwide by European manufacturers such as Playseat® and MoveTech.
The GT by Citroën is a sports car that debuted as a concept car on October 2 at the 2008 Paris Motor Show. The car is a collaboration between the French automaker Citroën and the Japanese racing simulation developer Polyphony Digital. Six cars were expected to be built, with an expected MSRP of $2,100,000; however, the production run was allegedly cancelled in 2010 due to high costs.
Gran Turismo 6 is a 2013 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is the sixth main installment and the eleventh overall in the Gran Turismo series. The game was released worldwide on December 6, 2013. Gran Turismo 6 received a positive reception and was a financial success. New features included the addition of more cars and tracks, improvements to the car customization options, and partnerships with the Goodwood Festival of Speed, the Ayrton Senna Institute, the FIA, and NASCAR. Gran Turismo 6 is the first game to feature officially FIA-certified content.
Gran Turismo 7 is a 2022 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment. The game is the eighth main installment and the thirteenth overall in the Gran Turismo series. It was released for the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5. Gran Turismo 7 also features virtual reality support compatible with PlayStation VR2 through a free in-game update.
GT Academy is a television programme that was produced by Grand Central Entertainment and funded by Nissan and Sony Interactive Entertainment from 2008 to 2016. GT Academy provided skilled Gran Turismo players an opportunity to earn a real-life professional racing career with Nissan.
Gran Turismo Sport is a 2017 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 4. It is the twelfth game in the Gran Turismo series.
Gran Turismo is a 2023 American biographical sports drama film directed by Neill Blomkamp from a screenplay by Jason Hall and Zach Baylin. Produced by Columbia Pictures, PlayStation Productions, and 2.0 Entertainment, it is based on the sim racing video game series developed by Polyphony Digital. It depicts a highly sensationalized account of real life British teenager Jann Mardenborough, a teenage Gran Turismo player who became a professional racing car driver. The film stars Archie Madekwe as Mardenborough, alongside David Harbour, Orlando Bloom, Darren Barnet, Geri Halliwell Horner, and Djimon Hounsou.
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