Shelbourne Hotel

Shelbourne Hotel
The Shelbourne Hotel, August 2008
General information
Status	Open
Type	Hotel
Classification
Address	27 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, D02 K224
Town or city	Dublin
Country	Republic of Ireland
Coordinates	53°20′20″N6°15′22″W / 53.33893°N 6.256092°W / 53.33893; -6.256092
Elevation	18 m (59 ft)
Named for	William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne
Opened	1824
Owner	Marriott International
Technical details
Floor count	6
Design and construction
Architect(s)	John McCurdy
Other information
Number of rooms	265
Website
theshelbourne.com

The Shelbourne Hotel is a historic hotel in Dublin, Ireland, situated in a landmark building on the north side of St Stephen's Green. Currently owned by Archer Hotel Capital ^[1] and operated by Marriott International, the hotel has 265 rooms in total and reopened in March 2007 after undergoing an eighteen-month refurbishment.

History

The Shelbourne Hotel was founded in 1824 by Martin Burke, a native of County Tipperary, when he acquired three adjoining townhouses overlooking Stephen's Green, Europe's largest garden square. Burke named his grand new hotel The Shelbourne, after William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne. ^{[2] [ page needed ]} William Makepeace Thackeray was an early guest, staying in 1842 and including a piece about the Shelbourne in The Irish Sketch-Book (1843). ^[3]

In July 1877, Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil, stayed at the hotel as part of a largely unpublicised visit to Ireland. ^[4]

In the early 1900s, Alois Hitler, Jr., the elder half-brother of Adolf Hitler, worked in the hotel while in Dublin. ^[5]

In the late 19th century, the ability for a wealthy gentleman to be able to "handle the ribbons" of his own coach was popular for a time, according to a 1947 article in the Dublin Historical Record . ^[6] Sir Thomas Talbot Power (1863–1930), one of the Power baronets, was a "devotee of this sport" and would drive "a coach-and-four from the Shelbourne Hotel, for public hire, to Bray and back". For a fee, one or more passengers would be driven to Bray, have dinner at the International Hotel ("at which Sir Thomas usually provided champagne"), and would be driven back to the Shelbourne afterwards. ^[6]

During the 1916 Easter Rising the hotel was occupied by 40 British troops under Captain Andrews to counter the Irish Citizen Army and Irish Volunteer forces, commanded by Michael Mallin, who had occupied Stephen's Green. ^{[2] [ page needed ]} In 1922, the Constitution of the Irish Free State was drafted in room 112, now known as The Constitution Room. ^[7]

The facade was refurbished in 2016, winning an award from the Irish Georgian Society. ^[8] In December 2018 UEFA's executive committee made the draw for the 2019 UEFA Nations League Finals in the hotel. ^[9]

Statues

A major redesign by John McCurdy was completed in 1867, with the Foundry of Val d'Osne casting the four external caryatid style torchère statues. These were based on two repeated beaux-arts neoclassical models originally sculpted by the prolific French sculptor Mathurin Moreau entitled Égyptienne – the two female Ancient Egyptian ^[10] figures flanking either side of the front door, and Négresse – the two female ancient Kushite (Nubian) ^[11] figures flanking either corner of the main building. All four statues are wearing gold coloured anklets, and are draped, with jewellery picked out in gilt while supporting a torch with a frosted glass flambeau shade. ^{[12] [13] [14]} All four statues are on a circular base with a further square metal plinth with cartouches to the angles indicating royal descent. ^[15]

In faint writing at the front of the circular base of all four statues can be seen the name of the foundry which produced the statues Val d'Osne. Of the several other examples of the castings, the most notable can be seen in the porch of the hôtel de ville (town hall) in the French town of Remiremont as well as outside the mausoleum of the architect Temple Hoyne Buell ^{[16] [17]} in Denver, Colorado and in the Jardins do Palácio de Cristal in Porto. ^{[18] [19] [20]} In all three cases the door is flanked either side by one Égyptienne and one Négresse statue indicating parity.

In July 2020, the statues at the front of the building were removed by management as a precautionary response to the toppling and removal of statues following the murder of George Floyd and Black Lives Matter protests. This move resulted from the belief that either two or all four of the statues represented Nubian slaves shown in manacles. ^[21] Both histories of the hotel, that of 1951 by Elizabeth Bowen and that of 1999 by Michael O'Sullivan, state that two of the statues represent slaves or servants, with Bowen stating "on each stands a female statue, Nubian in aspect, holding a torch shaped lamp". Kyle Leyden, lecturer in Early Modern Architecture and Visual Culture at the Courtauld Institute, pointed out that the statues were mass-produced decorative arts items chosen by the builder of the hotel from a trade catalogue which did not identify them as representing slaves, instead referring to them as women of Egypt and Sub-Saharan Africa. ^[22] He argued that none of the statues are of the established "Nubian slave" type - at least two of them wear headdress indicating royal status - and that all four figures wear anklets indicating aristocratic status, rather than shackles. ^[23] After an examination by Paula Murphy, an art historian at University College Dublin, concluded that the statues were not representations of slaves, it was announced that they would be restored to their plinths. ^[24] After being cleaned, they were reinstalled on the night of 14 December. ^[25]

Literary references

In James Joyce's Ulysses , Leopold Bloom remembers the Shelbourne as where "Mrs Miriam Dandrade", a "Divorced Spanish American" sold him "her old wraps and black underclothes". ^[26]

See also

• Shelbourne Road

References

1. "Shelbourne Hotel | Archer Hotel Capital". www.archerhotelcapital.com. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
2. O'Sullivan, Michael (1999). The Shelbourne and Its People. Blackwater Press. ISBN   978-1-84131-442-6.
3. "1867 – Shelbourne Hotel, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin", Archiseek, Dublin
4. "Dom Pedro II in Ireland" (PDF). assets.ireland.ie. Consulate General of Ireland - São Paulo. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
5. "Paddy, Bridget and Uncle Adolf — meet the Irish Hitlers". Irish Independent . 26 February 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
6. Keatinge 1947, p. 75.
7. Lyons, Tom; McConnell, Daniel (12 February 2012). "FG insider briefs the top bankers at private dinner: Cox marks the card of corporate elite on crisis". Irish Independent. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
8. Cousins, Robbie (13 October 2017). "Shelbourne Hotel Restoration Wins Irish Georgian Society Architectural Conservation Award 2017". Construction. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
9. "UEFA Executive Committee agenda for Dublin meeting". UEFA.com. 16 November 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2020.; "UEFA Nations League Finals draw". UEFA.com. 3 December 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
10. McGreevy, Ronan. "Shelbourne Hotel removes 153-year-old statues of slave girls from its plinth". The Irish Times. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
11. Fritz Gubler; Raewyn Glynn (2008). Great, Grand & Famous Hotels. Great, Grand & Famous Hotels. p. 128. ISBN   978-0-9804667-0-6.
12. "VO_PL370_63 – Candélabre Egyptienne, VO_PL370_64 – Candélabre Négresse". e-monumen.net. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
13. "Torchères (2) – Shelbourne Hotel – Dublin". e-monumen.net (in French). Retrieved 29 July 2020.
14. "A pair of French bronze-patinated cast-iron figural torcheres, entitled 'Negresse' and 'Egyptienne' , CAST BY VAL D'OSNE, AFTER MODELS BY MATHURIN MOREAU, LATE 19TH/EARLY 20TH CENTURY". www.christies.com. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
15. "A pair of French bronze-patinated cast-iron figural torcheres, entitled 'Negresse' and 'Egyptienne'". Barnebys.co.uk. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
16. "The Maker of the Modern Mall". Gravely Speaking. 2 May 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
17. "Temple Hoyne Buell – Denver, CO – Mausoleums on Waymarking.com". www.waymarking.com. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
18. "L'Egyptienne – Jardins do Palácio de Cristal – Porto". e-monumen.net (in French). Retrieved 30 July 2020.
19. "Paire de torchères – Remiremont". e-monumen.net (in French). Retrieved 29 July 2020.
20. "La fonte d art haut-marnaise – PDF Free Download". docplayer.fr. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
21. Lynott, Laura. "Statues of Slaves Removed from Outside Shelbourne Hotel". Irish Independent. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
22. McGreevy, Ronan (31 July 2020). "Shelbourne Hotel statues do not depict slave girls, says leading art historian". The Irish Times. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
23. McGreevy, Ronan (31 July 2020). "Shelbourne Hotel statues do not depict slave girls, says leading art historian". The Irish Times. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
24. McGreevy, Ronan. "Shelbourne Hotel statues to be restored to their plinths". The Irish Times. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
25. Daly, Adam (15 December 2020). "Shelbourne statues reinstated to front of hotel". thejournal.ie. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
26. Ulysses 15.2994

Sources

• Keatinge, Edgar F. (1 September 1947). "Colourful, Tuneful Dublin". Dublin Historical Record . 9 (3). Dublin: Old Dublin Society: 73–83. JSTOR   30084153.

Further reading

• Bowen, Elizabeth (11 June 2015) [First published 1951]. The Shelbourne. Random House. ISBN   978-1-4464-9641-1.
• O'Sullivan, Michael (1999). The Shelbourne and Its People. Blackwater Press. ISBN   978-1-84131-442-6.