Sierra la Primavera

Last updated
Sierra la Primavera
Cerro El Colli.jpg
Cerro el Colli lava dome
Highest point
Elevation 2,270 m (7,450 ft)
Coordinates 20°37′N103°31′W / 20.62°N 103.52°W / 20.62; -103.52
Geography
Mexico topographic map-blank 2.svg
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Sierra la Primavera
Location in Mexico
Location Jalisco, Mexico
Geology
Rock age Pleistocene
Volcanic belt Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt

Sierra la Primavera is a Late Pleistocene volcanic centre in Jalisco of central-western Mexico, located immediately west of Guadalajara in La Primavera Biosphere Reserve. It consists of a caldera, lava domes and lava flows that have formed in the last 200,000 years, with the latest known volcanic eruption having occurred about 30,000 years ago.

Contents

Geology

The formation of Sierra la Primavera commenced about 120,000 years ago with the eruption of rhyolitic flows and domes. This was followed by a VEI-6 eruption about 95,000 years ago that deposited 20 km3 (4.8 cu mi) of tephra with the creation of an 11 km (6.8 mi) wide caldera. [1] The tephra forms a volcanic deposit known as the Tala Tuff and consists of voluminous pumice flows. [2] [1]

Subsequent filling of the caldera with water resulted in the formation of a lake through which several lava domes were created. Several lava domes were emplaced along the caldera about 95,000 years ago, which was followed by the eruption of a younger series of ring domes about 75,000 years ago. [1]

After uplift and sedimentation filled the lake, a final series of lava domes were erupted along the southern margin of the caldera about 60,000 to 30,000 years ago. Although volcanic eruptions are not known to have occurred from Sierra la Primavera in recorded history, it is still potentially active, containing a series of fumaroles and hot springs. [1]

Subfeatures

Sierra la Primavera contains 29 named subfeatures: [1]

NameTypeCoordinates
Cerro AltoDome 20°42′0″N103°32′0″W / 20.70000°N 103.53333°W / 20.70000; -103.53333
Arroyo ColoradoDome 20°35′0″N103°30′0″W / 20.58333°N 103.50000°W / 20.58333; -103.50000
Arroyo IxtahuatonteDome 20°38′0″N103°30′0″W / 20.63333°N 103.50000°W / 20.63333; -103.50000
Arroyo la CuartillaDome 20°43′0″N103°31′0″W / 20.71667°N 103.51667°W / 20.71667; -103.51667
Arroyo las AnimasDome 20°37′0″N103°35′0″W / 20.61667°N 103.58333°W / 20.61667; -103.58333
Arroyo los PilasDome 20°39′0″N103°29′0″W / 20.65000°N 103.48333°W / 20.65000; -103.48333
Arroyo SaucilloVent 20°32′0″N103°33′0″W / 20.53333°N 103.55000°W / 20.53333; -103.55000
Cañón de las FloresVent 20°42′0″N103°35′0″W / 20.70000°N 103.58333°W / 20.70000; -103.58333
Cerro el ChapulínDome 20°41′0″N103°29′0″W / 20.68333°N 103.48333°W / 20.68333; -103.48333
Cerro ChatoDome 20°42′0″N103°34′0″W / 20.70000°N 103.56667°W / 20.70000; -103.56667
Cerro el ColliDome 20°39′0″N103°28′0″W / 20.65000°N 103.46667°W / 20.65000; -103.46667
Cerro la CuestaDome 20°37′0″N103°30′0″W / 20.61667°N 103.50000°W / 20.61667; -103.50000
Cerro el CulebreadoDome 20°37′0″N103°33′0″W / 20.61667°N 103.55000°W / 20.61667; -103.55000
Dos CoyotesDome 20°40′0″N103°29′0″W / 20.66667°N 103.48333°W / 20.66667; -103.48333
Llano GrandeVent 20°35′0″N103°36′0″W / 20.58333°N 103.60000°W / 20.58333; -103.60000
El MadrónDome 20°37′0″N103°31′0″W / 20.61667°N 103.51667°W / 20.61667; -103.51667
Mesa el BurroDome 20°43′0″N103°35′0″W / 20.71667°N 103.58333°W / 20.71667; -103.58333
Mesa el ChiquihuitilloDome 20°43′0″N103°36′0″W / 20.71667°N 103.60000°W / 20.71667; -103.60000
Mesa el LeónDome 20°41′0″N103°36′0″W / 20.68333°N 103.60000°W / 20.68333; -103.60000
Mesa el NajahueteDome 20°40′0″N103°31′0″W / 20.66667°N 103.51667°W / 20.66667; -103.51667
Mesa la LoberaDome 20°43′0″N103°30′0″W / 20.71667°N 103.50000°W / 20.71667; -103.50000
Cerro el PedernalDome 20°40′0″N103°35′0″W / 20.66667°N 103.58333°W / 20.66667; -103.58333
Pinar de la VentaDome 20°43′0″N103°25′0″W / 20.71667°N 103.41667°W / 20.71667; -103.41667
Cerro las PlanillasVent 20°35′0″N103°33′0″W / 20.58333°N 103.55000°W / 20.58333; -103.55000
La PuertaDome 20°37′0″N103°35′0″W / 20.61667°N 103.58333°W / 20.61667; -103.58333
Río SaladoDome 20°41′0″N103°35′0″W / 20.68333°N 103.58333°W / 20.68333; -103.58333
Cerro San MiguelVent 20°36′0″N103°36′0″W / 20.60000°N 103.60000°W / 20.60000; -103.60000
Cerro el TajoVent 20°36′0″N103°29′0″W / 20.60000°N 103.48333°W / 20.60000; -103.48333
Cerro el TuleDome 20°38′0″N103°32′0″W / 20.63333°N 103.53333°W / 20.63333; -103.53333

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Sierra la Primavera". Global Volcanism Program . Smithsonian Institution . Retrieved 2020-03-13.
  2. ↑ Ceballos, Giovanni Sosa; Vázquez, José Luis Macías; Cruz, Diego Miguel (2016), "IAVCEI Commission on Volcano Geology 3rd International Workshop, Etna-Aeolian Islands" (PDF), Petrology of La Primavera caldera magmas; the Tala Tuff case study, p. 50
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