| Sigalphinae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sigalphus bicolor from Warren County, Virginia, USA | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Braconidae |
| Subfamily: | Sigalphinae Blanchard, 1845 |
| Genera | |
Sigalphinae is a subfamily of braconid wasps, [1] containing 8 genera and less than 50 described species. [2]
While rare, they have a worldwide distribution. Sigalphinae can be distinguished from other subfamilies of Braconidae by the combination of the hindwing with vein CUb present, the forewing with vein M + CU tubular and second submarginal cell longer than wide, the petiole with a pair of longitudinal carinae, and a metasoma that is not laterally compressed. [1]
All species with known hosts are koinobiont endoparasitoids which attack larval Lepidoptera from the families Noctuidae (most species) and Geometridae ( Minanga patriciamadrigalae ). [2]
The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis estimated a total between 30,000 and 50,000, and another provided a narrower estimate between 42,000 and 43,000 species.
The Aphidiinae are a subfamily of tiny parasitoid wasps that use aphids as their hosts. Several species have been used in biological control programs of various aphids.
Microgastrinae is a subfamily of braconid wasps, encompassing almost 3,000 described species, with an estimated 30,000–50,000 total species. This makes it one of the richest subfamilies with the most species of parasitoid wasps.
Agathidinae is a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps. Some species have been used in biological control programs.
The Doryctinae or doryctine wasps are a large subfamily of parasitoid wasps within the family Braconidae.
The Braconinae are a large subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps with more than 2,000 described species. Many species, including Bracon brevicornis, have been used in biocontrol programs.
The Opiinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps with over 1300 described species. Several species have been used in biocontrol programs against fruit flies and Agromyzidae flies. They are closely related to the Alysiinae.
Adeliini is a tribe of braconid wasps within the subfamily Cheloninae. Until 2016, Adeliini was classified as a separate subfamily, the Adeliinae. They are small, stout-bodied braconids that parasitize the larvae of leaf-mining moths. Despite being widespread, they tend to be rare in entomological collections.
The Cenocoeliinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps.
The Macrocentrinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitic wasps. Several species have been used in biological control programs.
Apozyx is a genus of braconid parasitic wasps with only one species, Apozyx penyai. It is the only genus in the subfamily Apozyginae. This subfamily was originally proposed as a separate family by Mason in 1978.
The Cardiochilinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps. This subfamily has been treated as a tribe of Microgastrinae in the past. Some species including Toxoneuron nigriceps have been used in biocontrol programs.
The Homolobinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps.
Dirrhope is the only extant genus in the subfamily Dirrhopinae of braconid parasitoid wasps. Dirrope was included in the Microgastrinae until 1984. Specimens of this genus have been found fossilsed in amber dating from the Cretaceous period.
Aerophilus is a genus of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Braconidae. As members of the subfamily Agathidinae, they are koinobiont endoparasitoids of caterpillars. The host is attacked as an early instar, but not consumed and killed until the host is about to pupate. Nearly all species of Aerophilus have a narrow host range, attacking only one caterpillar species. However, the host range of the genus as a whole is quite broad, including many families of Lepidoptera.
Blacini is a tribe of braconid Parasitoid wasps.
Lytopylus is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae. As members of the subfamily Agathidinae, they are koinobiont endoparasitoids of caterpillars. This genus is primarily found in the neotropics, but ranges from the northeastern United States to Argentina. There are 39 species of Lytopylus, and many more undescribed.
Helconinae is a subfamily of braconid wasps in the family Braconidae.
The Acampsohelconinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps. Extant members of this subfamily were previously included in the Helconinae, Blacinae, or Sigalphinae. The four genera included are †Acampsohelcon, Afrocampsis, Canalicephalus, and Urosigalphus.
Hormius is a genus of parasitoid wasp in the subfamily Hormiinae first described by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in 1818.