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The Culdees were members of ascetic Christian monastic and eremitical communities of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England in the Middle Ages. Appearing first in Ireland and then in Scotland, subsequently attached to cathedral or collegiate churches; they lived in monastic fashion though not taking monastic vows.
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The Isle of May Priory was a monastery and community of Benedictine monks established for 9 monks of Reading Abbey on the Isle of May in the Firth of Forth, Scotland, in 1153, under the patronage of David I of Scotland. The priory passed into the control of St Andrews Cathedral Priory in the later 13th century, and in 1318 the community relocated to Pittenweem Priory on the Fife coast.
Historical treatment of David I and the Scottish church usually emphasises King David I of Scotland's pioneering role as the instrument of diocesan reorganisation and Norman penetration, beginning with the bishopric of Glasgow while David was Prince of the Cumbrians, and continuing further north after David acceded to the throne of Scotland. As well as this and his monastic patronage, focus too is usually given to his role as the defender of the Scottish church's independence from claims of overlordship by the Archbishop of York and the Archbishop of Canterbury.
The Church of St Mary on the Rock or St Mary's Collegiate Church, was a secular college of priests based on the seaward side of St Andrews Cathedral, St Andrews, just beyond the precinct walls. It is known by a variety of other names, such as St Mary of the Culdees, Kirkheugh and Church of St Mary of Kilrymont.
James Haldenston or James Haldenstoun was an Augustinian churchman from 15th-century Scotland. Probably from somewhere in eastern Fife, Haldenston became an Augustinian at St Andrews, earned several degrees on the continent, and became prior of May before becoming prior of St Andrews, head of the wealthiest and most important religious house in Scotland.
References
- ↑ Allaria, Anthony. "Priory of Saint Andrews." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 25 August 2022
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain . - ↑ Cowan, Ian B., & Easson, David E., Medieval Religious Houses: Scotland, With an Appendix on the Houses in the Isle of Man, 2nd Ed. (Longman, London and New York, 1976) p. 96, ISBN 0-582-12069-1
- ↑ Barrow, G.W.S., "The Clergy at St Andrews", in G.W.S. Barrow (ed.), The Kingdom of the Scots, (Edinburgh, 2003), pp. 189–202
- ↑ Duncan, A. A. M. “The Foundation of St Andrews Cathedral Priory, 1140.” The Scottish Historical Review, vol. 84, no. 217, 2005, pp. 1–37. JSTOR
- ↑ Hunter-Blair, Oswald. "Lochleven." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 25 August 2022 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
- ↑ Keys, David. "Archaeology: Secrets of St Adrian's isle: The monks left May long ago, and today instead of pilgrims it attracts tourists and historians, including David Keys", The Independent, 3 August 1994
- ↑ Farnie, Henry Brougham. "Pittenweem", The Fife coast from Queensferry to Fifeness, Fife. J.C. Orr, 1860, p. 161
- ↑ "The Chapel of Portmoak", The Kinross-Shire Civic Trust
- ↑ Historic Environment Scotland. "St Andrews Cathedral and Priory and adjacent ecclesiastical remains (SM13322)" . Retrieved 16 April 2019.
- ↑ Sprott, George Washington (1899). . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography . Vol. 59. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 352–353.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Priory of Saint Andrews". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company.
