Sphingomonadaceae are a gram-negative bacterial family of the Alphaproteobacteria. An important feature is the presence of sphingolipids in the outer membrane of the cell wall. The cells are ovoid or rod-shaped. Others are also pleomorphic, i.e. the cells change the shape over time. Some species from Sphingomonadaceae family are dominant components of biofilms.
Polyene antimycotics, sometimes referred to as polyene antibiotics, are a class of antimicrobial polyene compounds that target fungi. These polyene antimycotics are typically obtained from some species of Streptomyces bacteria. Previously, polyenes were thought to bind to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane and thus weakening it and causing leakage of K+ and Na+ ions, which could contribute to fungal cell death. However, more detailed studies of polyene molecular properties have challenged this model suggesting that polyenes instead bind and extract ergosterol directly from the cellular membrane thus disrupting the many cellular functions ergosterols perform. Amphotericin B, nystatin, and natamycin are examples of polyene antimycotics. They are a subgroup of macrolides.
2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol or Phl is a natural phenol found in several bacteria:
L-olivosyl-oleandolide 3-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:L-olivosyl-oleandolide B 3-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Streptomyces isolates have yielded the majority of human, animal, and agricultural antibiotics, as well as a number of fundamental chemotherapy medicines. Streptomyces is the largest antibiotic-producing genus of Actinomycetota, producing chemotherapy, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic drugs, and immunosuppressants. Streptomyces isolates are typically initiated with the aerial hyphal formation from the mycelium.
Streptomyces albidoflavus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from Poland. Streptomyces albidoflavus produces dibutyl phthalate and streptothricins.
Streptomyces badius is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Kaukasus in Russia. Streptomyces badius produces cutinase. Streptomyces badius can metabolize quinoxaline.
Streptomyces chattanoogensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Tennessee in the United States. Streptomyces chattanoogensis produces natamycin.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces diastatochromogenes produces polyketomycin, concanamycin A, concanamycin B, concanamycin C, momofulvenone A, azdimycin, toyocamycin and oligomycins.
Streptomyces griseorubens is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces griseorubens produces althiomycin. Streptomyces griseorubens produces matamycin and althiomycin.
Streptomyces griseoviridis is a filamentous bacterium species from the genus Streptomyces, which was isolated from soil in Texas, United States. Streptomyces griseoviridis produces etamycin, griseoviridin, bactobolin, prodigiosin R1, actinobolin, and rosophilin. Streptomyces griseoviridis can be used to protect plants since it inhibits the growth of fungal pathogens.
Streptomyces kasugaensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from the city Nara in Japan. Streptomyces kasugaensis produces kasugamycin and thiolutin.
Streptomyces olivaceus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces olivaceus produces granaticin, elloramycin, tetroazolemycin A and tetroazolemycin B. Streptomyces olivaceus can be used to produce vitamin B12.
Streptomyces pactum is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces pactum produces pactamycin, actinopyrones, and piericidins.
Streptomyces parvulus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces parvulus produces the peptide antibiotic Actinomycin D and the angiogenesis inhibitor borrelidin and manumycin A, himalomycin A, himalomycin B and kynurenine.
Streptomyces rochei is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Russia. Streptomyces rochei produces borrelidin, butyrolactol A, butyrolactol B, uricase and streptothricin. Streptomyces rochei has antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and Aspergillus fumigatus. Streptomyces rochei produces moenomycin and bambermycin. Streptomyces rochei produces amicetin A, amicetin B, amicetin C and streptolin. Streptomyces rochei produces endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase mithramycin, amicetin, bamicetin, and plicacetin.
Streptomyces roseiscleroticus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from the Gujarat State in India. Streptomyces roseiscleroticus produces sultriecin.
Streptomyces thermoviolaceus is a thermophilic bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from composts. Streptomyces thermoviolaceus produces chitinase and peroxidase.
Streptomyces violaceusniger is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces violaceusniger has antifungal activity. Streptomyces violaceusniger produces isoafricanol and spirofungin.
Streptomyces virginiae is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces virginiae produces actithiazic acid, virginiamycins and cycloserine. Streptomyces virginiae also produces monensin A, monensin B, monensin C, monensin D, actithiazic acid.
