Strophanthus speciosus

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Forest poison rope
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Strophanthus speciosus00.jpg
Strophanthus speciosus [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Strophanthus
Species:
S. speciosus
Binomial name
Strophanthus speciosus
Synonyms [3]
  • Christya speciosaWard & Harv.
  • Strophanthus capensisA.DC.

Strophanthus speciosus, commonly known as the forest poison rope, is a tree, shrub or woody climber which is native to southern Africa. [4]

Contents

Description

Strophanthus speciosus grows as a tree or shrub up to 4 metres (13 ft) tall, and as a liana up to 16 metres (52 ft) long, with a stem diameter up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in). Its flowers feature a white turning orange corolla, red-streaked on the inside. [5]

Distribution and habitat

Strophanthus speciosus is native to Zimbabwe, South Africa and Eswatini. [2] [5] It occurs in forests and their margins from 300–1,400 metres (1,000–5,000 ft) altitude. [5]

Uses

Local medicinal uses of S. speciosus include snakebite treatment. The plant has also been used as arrow poison. [5] As with other species of Strophanthus it contains the cardiac glycoside strophanthin - plants of allied genera contain similar compounds.

References

  1. ↑ 1868 illustration by Walter Hood Fitch (1817 – 1892) - Curtis's Botanical Magazine v94 (1868) Plate 5713
  2. 1 2 Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Strophanthus speciosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T149511893A149511895. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T149511893A149511895.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  3. 1 2 "Strophanthus speciosus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  4. ↑ Snyman, Hannelie (Kirstenbosch NBG). "Strophanthus speciosus (Ward & Harv.) Reber". PlantZAfrica. SANBI. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Medicinal Plants. PROTA. 2008. p. 560. ISBN   978-9-05782-204-9.
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