The Jammu &Kashmir National Conference (JKNC) is a regional political party in the Indian union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. Founded as the All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference by Sheikh Abdullah and Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas in 1932 in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir,the organisation renamed itself to "National Conference" in 1939 in order to represent all the people of the state. It supported the accession of the princely state to India in 1947. Prior to that,in 1941,a group led by Ghulam Abbas broke off from the National Conference and revived the old Muslim Conference. The revived Muslim Conference supported the accession of the princely state to Pakistan and led the movement for Azad Kashmir.
Ghulam Nabi Azad is an Indian politician who served as Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha between 2014 and 2021. He also served as the Chief Minister of erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir from 2005 to 2008. On 26 September 2022,Azad announced his own political party as Democratic Progressive Azad Party. He is the chief patron cum founder of Democratic Progressive Azad Party.
Syed Ali Shah Geelani (1929–2021) was an Islamist,Pro-Pakistan Kashmiri-separatist leader in the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir,regarded as the father of the Kashmiri jihad.
Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah was an Indian politician who played a central role in the politics of Jammu and Kashmir. He is responsible for anti Monarchy rule against Hari singh. Abdullah was the founding leader of the All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference and the 1st elected Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir after its accession to India. He agitated against the rule of the Maharaja Hari Singh and urged self-rule for Kashmir. He served as the 1st elected Prime Minister of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir and Jammu &Kashmir as a State and was later jailed by Indian government unconstitutionally. He was dismissed from the position of Prime Ministership on 8 August 1953 and Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed the new Prime Minister. The expressions 'Sadr-i-Riyasat' and 'Prime Minister' were replaced with the terms 'Governor' and 'Chief Minister' in 1965. Sheikh Abdullah again became the Chief Minister of the state following the accord with Indira in 1974 and remained in the top slot till his death on 8 September 1982.
Makhan Lal Fotedar was an Indian politician who was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress political party. He was a close aide of the Nehru–Gandhi family,especially Indira Gandhi.
Amitabh Mattoo is one of India's leading thinkers and writers on Modern and Contemporary History,Political science,International relations. He was awarded Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2009. He is a professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University and honorary professor of international relations at the University of Melbourne. Until 19 June 2018,he served as Advisor to the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir,with the status of a Cabinet Minister. Mattoo is a member of the Academic Advisory Board of the German Institute for Global and Area Studies and was recently elected unanimously as its Deputy Chair. He was the founding CEO of the Australia India Institute at the University of Melbourne and served as chairman of the governing board of Miranda House,University of Delhi,the highest-ranked women's college in India,and served as Chair of Kirori Mal College earlier He has also been a member of the Lancet Commission on Adolescent Health and Wellbeing. In 2002,he was the youngest person to be appointed as vice chancellor of a public university in independent India. Mattoo's advice on policy matters has been sought across political parties and across governments,including by Prime Ministers Atal Behari Vajpayee and Dr Manmohan Singh. Following the abrogation of Article 370 of the Constitution of India,he has offered a political roadmap for securing the future of Jammu and Kashmir. He has been a persistent advocate of multiculturalism and of reconciliation between Kashmiri Pandits and Kashmiri Muslims.
Mian Bashir Ahmed Larvi was the eldest son of renowned saint Mian Nizam ud Din,the founder President of Gujjar-Jat Conference a socio political body established in 1932. He was a politician and a Caliph of Islamic Sufi order in Jammu and Kashmir. He was born in November 1923 in Pehalnar Wangath,Kangan Ganderbal Kashmir and died in August 2021 at the age of 97.
Mohammad Abbas Ansari was a separatist political leader and a well known Shia Muslim scholar,reformer,preacher and cleric from Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. He was known for his religious lectures and as a Kashmiri separatist,ex-chairman of the All Parties Hurriyat Conference,also founder &chairman of the Ittihadul Muslimeen also known as Jammu &Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen (JKIM) a Kashmiri nationalist Shia separatist political party which aims for Shi'a–Sunni unity in Kashmir &independence of Jammu and Kashmir from India through peaceful struggle. He is considered a moderate and has called for an end to violence in that region. He is Succeeded by his son Maulana Masroor Abbas Ansari.
Khwaja Mubarak Shah was a senior Jammu &Kashmir National Conference leader and former Member of The Indian Parliament (MP) from the North Kashmir constituency of Baramulla in the early 1980s and also served as a Deputy Minister in the 1952 Government of Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah. He also served as Superintendent of Police from 1947 for a brief spell and was trained under Gen. Thimaih,and had given up the job to join politics after Sheikh Mohammed Abdullah was made as an interim Administrator to govern the State when its Dogra ruler Maharaja Hari Singh was dethroned in 1947. He was jailed along with Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah and remained in Jail from August 1953 to February 1963,when his father had died. Mubarak Shah polled an overwhelming 67.57% of votes in the Parliamentary Elections in 1980 as opposed to his closest opponent,Muzaffar Hussain Beg who polled 28.48% of total votes polled. He is the son of Khwaja Sikander Shah of Varmul and the Brother-in-Law of Ghulam Ahmad Ashai. He was succeeded as the MP from Baramulla by Saifuddin Soz,who went on to serve as the Union Minister for Water Resources in the first Manmohan Singh Administration.
The All Jammu and Kashmir Plebiscite Front,or Plebiscite Front,was a political party in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir that called for a "popular plebiscite" to decide if the state should remain part of India,join Pakistan or become independent. The patron of the party was Sheikh Abdullah,the former Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir and chief of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference,even though he never formally joined it. The founder of the party was Mirza Afzal Beg.
Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg widely known as FAKHR-É-KASHMIR (1908–1982) was a Kashmiri politician and one of the founding members of Jammu &Kashmir National Conference. He served as a minister in the pre-independence period in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir,and as the revenue minister in the post-independence government headed by Sheikh Abdullah. In this post he led the land reforms in Jammu and Kashmir,recognised as the most successful land reforms in India.
Doru Shahabad is a town and the headquarters of the Dooru tehsil in the Anantnag district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It also known as a historical township in South Kashmir's Anantnag district. Doru Shahabad is considered place of intelligence,where great scholars like Mehmood shah Gami,Rasul Mir Shahabadi were born. These scholars contributed to the literature and culture of Kashmir. In present times,Shahabad has produced chief ministers such as Syed Mir Qasim,other politicians,bureaucrats,and leading agricultural scientists.
Rafi Ahmad Mir is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. He was previously the General Secretary of Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party and held administrative position in Mehbooba Mufti's government as the Vice Chairman of Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation with a ministerial status. He was one of close aides of Mufti with a popular public base in South Kashmir. Now associated with the newly formed Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party. Mir has been the key person behind Party's formation along with its founder President Syed Mohammad Altaf Bukhari.
Elections to the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly were held in January 1972 to elect members of 114 constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir,India. The Indian National Congress won the popular vote and a majority of seats and Syed Mir Qasim was appointed as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. After this election,women entered the Jammu and Kashmir assembly for the first time. Ten women had filed their nominations,six of them contested and four won their seats. This made the percentage of women legislators 5.33% in the Jammu Kashmir assembly.
Devi Das Thakur was an Indian politician and a former Governor of Assam.
On 27 December 1963,Moi-e-Muqqadas,a holy relic believed by many to be a strand from the beard of prophet Muhammad,went missing the Hazratbal Shrine in Jammu and Kashmir,leading to widespread protests across the Indian subcontinent.
Elections for the Constituent Assembly of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir were held in September–October 1951. Sheikh Abdullah was appointed Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. Following frictions with various groups such as the Jammu Praja Parishad agitation,Abdullah was dismissed in August 1953 and imprisoned. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed as the next Prime Minister.
Syed Mohammad Altaf Bukhari is an Indian politician hailing from Jammu and Kashmir. He is the president of the Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party,a political organization,which he launched in 2020. He served as the Member of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly from 2015 to 2018,representing the Amira Kadal Assembly constituency. He served as the education minister of Jammu and Kashmir and later assumed the additional responsibility of the Finance,Labour and Employment ministry.
