Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods and use it in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems. Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair being particularly large.
Ant mimicry or myrmecomorphy is mimicry of ants by other organisms; it has evolved over 70 times. Ants are abundant all over the world, and potential predators that rely on vision to identify their prey, such as birds and wasps, normally avoid them, because they are either unpalatable or aggressive. Some arthropods mimic ants to escape predation, while some predators of ants, especially spiders, mimic them anatomically and behaviourally in aggressive mimicry. Ant mimicry has existed almost as long as ants themselves; the earliest ant mimics in the fossil record appear in the mid-Cretaceous alongside the earliest ants.
Eburneana is a genus of the spider family Salticidae.
Myrmarachne formicaria is a species of jumping spider. It mimics an ant. It is one of the few species in the genus Myrmarachne that is found outside the tropics.
Saitis barbipes is a common jumping spider found in the Mediterranean region.
Anasaitis canosus, previously of the genus Corythalia, is a small jumping spider that can typically be found atop leaf-litter or man-made structures such as fences and exterior walls. This species is more commonly known as the twin-flagged jumping spider due to the two pennant shaped markings on the dorsal side of the cephalothorax. Typical of the genus Anasaitis, this species has iridescent setae ("scales") which may appear white, green or pink which create the "flags" as well as patches on the male pedipalps used in courtship and intraspecific signaling. This species is roughly 5 to 6 mm in length. A. canosus ranges from Mexico to South Carolina along the Gulf of Mexico.
Simonellini is a tribe of spiders belonging to the Amycoida clade of the subfamily Salticinae of the family Salticidae. The group has been treated at a variety of formal and informal ranks, with different circumscriptions, including as the subfamilies Synemosyninae and Simonellinae. Its species mimic ants and beetles.
Mexcala synagelese is a species of jumping spider in the genus Mexcala that lives in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Nigeria and Sudan. The spider was first defined in 2009 by Wanda Wesołowska, one of over 500 that the arachnologist described during her career. It mimics ants and ant-like wasps, living alongside and preying upon them. The spider is medium-sized, with a dark brown carapace between 2.7 and 3.2 mm long and a pale brown to dark brown abdomen between 3.2 and 4.0 mm long. The male has three strips on its abdomen while the female has a more complex pattern of dark bands and light patches. The spider has long thin brown legs. It has good eyesight, which it uses when hunting and also during courtship. The male palpal bulb has a long tibial apophysis, or spike, that curves in towards the bulb. The female epigyne has two shallow depressions and short seminal ducts that lead to long receptacles.
Eburneana wandae is a species of jumping spider in the genus Eburneana that mimics ants. It was named by Tamás Szűts after the Polish arachnologist Wanda Wesołowska. The male of the species was first described in 2003, with the holotype found in the forests of central Africa. It is a relatively large spider, 8.2 millimetres (0.32 in) long, and is distinguished from the similar Eburneana scharffi by its different geography, being found in Cameroon rather than Tanzania, and the shape of the spider's front legs.
Habronattus icenoglei is a species of jumping spider. It is found in the southwestern United States and north-central Mexico.
Habronattus ballatoris is a species of jumping spider. It is found in the United States.
Phidippus carneus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
Synageles occidentalis is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Canada.
Peckhamia picata, the antmimic jumper, is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in North America. It specifically mimics the species Camponotus nearcticus, and does not elicit aggressive behavior from said ants.
Pelegrina aeneola is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in North America. Not much is known about this species.
Habronattus sabulosus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the southeastern United States.
Neon reticulatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in North America, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, a range from Russia (European to the Far East, Kazakhstan, Korea, and Japan.
Marpissa lineata is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States.
Phidippus apacheanus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States, Mexico, and Cuba.
Paramaevia is a genus of jumping spiders in the family Salticidae. There are at least three described species in Paramaevia.
