Syrian Negotiation Commission

Last updated
Syrian Negotiation Commission
AbbreviationSNC
FormationDecember 10, 2015;8 years ago (2015-12-10)
Headquarters Riyadh
Location
Region
Syria
Chairman/president
 Bader Jamous
Websitesnc-sy.org

The Syrian Negotiation Commission (SNC) is an umbrella political body which represents the broadest spectrum of Syrian revolution and opposition forces. It is a functional entity whose mandate is to negotiate with the Syrian regime within UN-sponsored pathways. It is currently led by Bader Jamous. [1]

Contents

In December 2015, various Syrian opposition forces convened Riyadh I Conference in Saudi Arabia. It was attended by around 150 opposition figures and the formation of the Syrian Negotiation Commission (at the time named High Negotiation Commission) was declared at the end of the conference. [2]

In December 2015, the Security Council issued resolution no. 2254 [3] which provided for launching formal negotiations between representatives of the Syrian opposition and of the regime in order to reach a durable political settlement and establish a credible, inclusive and non-sectarian governing body, adopting a pathway for the drafting of a new constitution for Syria and holding free elections under UN auspices. The United Nations then officially recognized the SNC as the sole representative of the Syrian opposition.

Formation

The SNC comprised 37 members representing six components [4]

The SNC launched the Executive Framework for a Political Solution in Syria. [5] It held that a political solution must be based on Geneva Communique [6]

and UNSCRs 2118 [7] and 2254 [8] which provide for the establishment of a transitional governing body with full executive powers.

The SNC then took part in the UN-sponsored Geneva III and Geneva IV negotiations. The SNC also sent an advisory delegation to Astana I negotiations which were held under the auspices of Russia and Türkiye as guarantors.

In February 2017, the fourth round of Geneva negotiations were held and the UN Special Envoy to Syria presented four baskets to negotiate, [9] namely:

In November 2017, the SNC held Riyadh II Conference [10] in which it discussed expanding the SNC to broaden representation and involve more national figures in the SNC particularly from inside Syria and increasing women representation.

The SNC asserted that its mandate was to negotiate with the regime to realize a democratic political transition through the establishment of a transitional governing body capable of preparing a safe and neutral environment within which the transitional process proceeds in accordance with international resolutions.

In September 2019, the UN Secretary General announced the establishment of the Syrian Constitutional Committee. The Large Body of the Constitutional Committee comprised 150 members divided equally on the three parties: the SNC, the Syrian regime and civil society.

Geneva II

Main article: Geneva II Conference on Syria

Geneva II Conference for Peace in Syria (or simply Geneva II) was a UN-backed international conference held in Geneva with the aim of ending the conflict in Syria, by bringing together the Syrian government and the Syrian opposition.

Geneva III

Main article: Geneva Peace Talks on Syria (2016)

Syrian peace talks in Geneva, also known as Geneva III, were peace negotiations between the Syrian government and opposition in Geneva under the auspices of the UN and the Vienna peace talks group on Syria and the UN Security Council.

Geneva IV

Main article: Geneva Peace Talks on Syria (2017)

The Geneva IV peace talks on Syria were peace negotiations between the Syrian government and the Syrian opposition under the auspices of the United Nations.

Geneva VIII

The last round of Geneva talks, also known as Geneva VIII, was held in November 2017 and was concluded on 15 December when then UN Special Envoy to Syria, Staffan De Mistura, declared that “negotiations, in reality, in the end, did not take place” [11]

Related Research Articles

The Jarring Mission refers to efforts undertaken by Gunnar Jarring to achieve a peaceful settlement of the conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors after the Six-Day War in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 338</span> 1973 UN Security Council resolution calling for a ceasefire in the Yom Kippur War

United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 was a three-line resolution adopted by the UN Security Council on 22 October 1973, which called for a ceasefire in the Yom Kippur War in accordance with a joint proposal by the United States and the Soviet Union. It was passed at the 1747th Security Council meeting by 14 votes to none, with China abstaining.

Nicolas Michel is a Swiss lawyer who serves as an adjunct professor of international law at the Geneva Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.

A Special Envoy of the Secretary-General (SESG) is a senior United Nations official appointed by the United Nations Secretary-General to deal with a set of specific issues.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Staffan de Mistura</span> Italian-Swedish diplomat

Staffan de Mistura is an Italian-Swedish diplomat, United Nations official and former member of the Italian government.

Constructive ambiguity is a term generally credited to Henry Kissinger, said to be the foremost exponent of the negotiating tactic it designates. It refers to the deliberate use of ambiguous language on a sensitive issue in order to advance some political purpose. Constructive ambiguity is often disparaged as fudging. It might be employed in a negotiation, both to disguise an inability to resolve a contentious issue on which the parties remain far apart and to do so in a manner that enables each to claim obtaining some concession on it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Syrian peace process</span> Plans to resolve the Syrian civil war

The Syrian peace process is the ensemble of initiatives and plans to resolve the Syrian civil war, which has been ongoing in Syria since 2011 and has spilled beyond its borders. The peace process has been moderated by the Arab League, the UN Special Envoy on Syria, Russia and Western powers. The negotiating parties to end the conflict are typically representatives of the Syrian Ba'athist government and Syrian opposition, while the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria is usually excluded at the insistence of Turkey. Radical Salafist forces including the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant have not engaged in any contacts on peaceful resolution to the conflict.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan</span> Peace plan by the Arab League and the UN

The Kofi Annan peace plan for Syria or the six-point peace plan for Syria was launched in March 2012 by the Arab League and the United Nations (UN), when the violent Syrian conflict or civil war had raged for a year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria</span>

The U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria refers to several American–Russian initiatives, including joint United States–Russia proposal issued in May 2013 to organize a conference for obtaining a political solution to the Syrian Civil War. The conference was eventually mediated by Lakhdar Brahimi, the United Nations peace envoy for Syria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geneva II Conference on Syria</span> International peace conference aimed at ending Syrian Civil War

The Geneva II Conference on Syria was a United Nations-backed international peace conference on the future of Syria with the aim of ending the Syrian Civil War, by bringing together the Syrian government and the Syrian opposition to discuss the clear steps towards a transitional government for Syria with full executive powers. The conference took place on 22 January 2014 in Montreux, on 23–31 January 2014 in Geneva (Switzerland), and again on 10–15 February 2014.

On August 16, 2015, the Syrian Air Force launched strikes on the rebel-held city of Douma, northeast of Damascus, killing at least 96 people and injuring at least 200 others. It was one of the deadliest attacks to have occurred during the Syrian Civil War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vienna peace talks for Syria</span>

The Vienna peace talks for Syria, as of 14 November 2015 known as the talks of the International Syria Support Group (ISSG), were negotiations of foreign powers that began in Vienna, Austria in October 2015 at the level of foreign ministers, to resolve the conflict in Syria, after unsuccessful previous Syrian peace initiatives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 2254</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2015

The United Nations Security Council Resolution 2254 was unanimously adopted on 18 December 2015. It calls for a ceasefire and political settlement in Syria. This document describes the roadmap for Syria's political transition. As of 2023, no real progress has been made to implement the resolution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geneva peace talks on Syria (2016)</span> Intended peace negotiations

The Geneva peace talks on Syria, also known as Geneva III, were intended peace negotiations between the Syrian government and opposition in Geneva under the auspices of the UN. Although formally started on 1 February 2016, they were formally suspended only two days later, on 3 February 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">High Negotiations Committee</span>

The High Negotiations Committee (HNC) is an umbrella body which was created to represent the Syrian opposition in the planned Geneva peace talks in 2016. It is led by Riyad Farid Hijab, who was Prime Minister of Syria from June to August 2012. It is considered to be Syria's main or broadest opposition bloc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geneva peace talks on Syria (2017)</span>

The Geneva peace talks on Syria in 2017, also called the Geneva IV, V, VI, VII, & VIII talks, were peace negotiations between the Syrian government and the Syrian opposition under the auspices of the United Nations. The Geneva IV talks took place between 23 February and 3 March 2017, trying to resolve the Syrian Civil War. The Geneva VII talks began on 10 July 2017. The Geneva VIII talks were initially scheduled to begin on 28 November 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Astana Platform</span> Syrian opposition forces platform

Astana Platform was created after several meetings in Astana between members of the Syrian opposition forces. The platform is headed by the Syrian politician Randa Kassis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Libyan peace process</span> Attempts to resolve the crisis in Libya

The Libyan peace process was a series of meetings, agreements and actions that aimed to resolve the Second Libyan Civil War. Among these were the Skhirat agreement of December 2015 and the plans for the Libyan National Conference in April 2019 that were delayed because of the 2019–20 Western Libya campaign.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Syrian Constitutional Committee</span> United Nations-facilitated constituent assembly process

The Syrian Constitutional Committee is a United Nations-facilitated constituent assembly process that seeks to reconcile the Syrian Government headed by President Bashar al-Assad and the Syrian opposition, in the context of the Syrian peace process, by amending the current or adopting a new Constitution of Syria. The UN hopes that this would lead to negotiations which would subsequently lead to a peaceful end of the Syrian Civil War, which had been raging for more than eight years by the time of the committee's formation. The Constitutional Committee was formed with the formal approval of both parties involved—namely the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic and the opposition Syrian Negotiations Commission, with the facilitation of the United Nations.

References

  1. ↑ "Syrian Negotiation Commission – Negotiating opposition institution seeking to implement United Nations Security Council resolutions related to Syria" . Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  2. ↑ "الهيئة العليا للمفاوضات السورية". الجزيرة نت (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  3. ↑ Year: 2015), UN Security Council (70th (2015-12-18). "Resolution 2254 (2015) /: adopted by the Security Council at its 7588th meeting, on 18 December 2015" (in Spanish).{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑ "Syrian Negotiation Commission – Negotiating opposition institution seeking to implement United Nations Security Council resolutions related to Syria" . Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  5. ↑ spare (2016-09-07). "Syrian Opposition Sets out Executive Framework for Political Solution in Syria". Syrian National Coalition Of Syrian Revolution and Opposition Forces. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  6. ↑ "Final Communiqué of the Action Group for Syria (Geneva Communiqué) | UN Peacemaker". peacemaker.un.org. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  7. ↑ Year: 2013), UN Security Council (68th (2013-09-27). "Resolution 2118 (2113) /: adopted by the Security Council at its 7038th meeting, on 27 September 2013".{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ Year: 2015), UN Security Council (70th (2015-12-18). "Resolution 2254 (2015) /: adopted by the Security Council at its 7588th meeting, on 18 December 2015" (in Spanish).{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ "Staffan de Mistura, United Nations Special Envoy for Syria Briefing to the Security Council on the outcomes of Geneva 4 | The United Nations Office at Geneva". www.ungeneva.org. 2017-03-08. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  10. ↑ "Syrian revolution forces and opposition expanded conference issues final communique". spa.gov.sa (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-05-05.
  11. ↑ "Transcript of Press Conference by UN Special Envoy for Syria, Mr. Staffan de Mistura | The United Nations Office at Geneva". www.ungeneva.org. 2017-12-14. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.