| Taito | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Opiliones |
| Family: | Cosmetidae |
| Subfamily: | Cosmetinae |
| Genus: | Taito Kury & Barros, 2014 |
| Type species | |
| Taito spaceinvaders Kury & Barros, 2014 | |
| Species [1] [2] | |
15, see text | |
Taito is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. [1] [2]
The genus is named for the Japanese video game company Taito because the colorful body marks of the species in this genus resemble the aliens from their Space Invaders video game. The type species of the genus, Taito spaceinvaders , is named for the game as well. Another species is named for the similar 1981 game, Galaga . [1]
Some species in this genus were formerly placed in Cynortula , Eucynortella , and Cynorta ; however, the general taxonomy of Cosmetidae is poorly known and so most genera are monotypic genera or wastebin taxa. These species were moved to Taito largely based on morphological evidence. [1]
There are currently 15 described species in Taito: [1] [2]
Gonyleptidae is a neotropical family of harvestmen with more than 800 species, the largest in the suborder Laniatores and the second largest of the Opiliones as a whole. The largest known harvestmen are gonyleptids.
Pachylinae is the most diverse subfamily of the harvestman family Gonyleptidae, including around 400 valid species. Major groups of species occur in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, Bolivian/Peruvian highlands, Argentina, and Chilean temperate forest.
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are endemic of the New World with a Nearctic-Neotropical distribution where a large fraction of the diversity of Opiliones are represented by this single family. Cosmetidae have the northern extent of their range into the USA, where a small number species occur in the southern states. However, the family is especially diverse in Mexico, Central America and northern South America; especially the Andean realms. Their range also extends further south into Argentina and southern Brazil, but they are absent in Chile. Cosmetidae are prevalent in Amazonian region, but only relatively few also occur in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several species are also found in the Caribbean.
The Sclerosomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 1,300 known species. One former subfamily has been recently removed to form a new family, Globipedidae.
The Stygnidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
Agoristenidae are a neotropical harvestman family of the Suborder Laniatores, in the superfamily Gonyleptoidea.
The Manaosbiidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Cranaidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
Kimulidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about thirty described species.
The Cladonychiidae are a small family of harvestman with about 33 described species, within the suborder Laniatores.
Taracidae is a family of harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are 4 genera and 23 described species in Taracidae.
Texella is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There are more than 20 described species in Texella.
Vonones is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. There are at least two described species in Vonones.
Crosbyella is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There are about five described species in Crosbyella.
Megacina is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There are at least four described species in Megacina.
Cryptomastridae is a family of armoured harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are two genera and four described species in Cryptomastridae, found in Oregon and Idaho.
Rhaucus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Colombian northern Andes. There are currently seven described species in the genus.
Metergininae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae.
Poecilaemula is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae with eight described species. All species are from Central America or South America. An overview of the taxonomy was provided by Medrano et al. (2024)