Tchadorhynchus

Tchadorhynchus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Acanthocephala
Class:	Archiacanthocephala
Order:	Oligacanthorhynchida
Family:	Oligacanthorhynchidae
Genus:	Tchadorhynchus Troncy, 1970
Species:	T. quentini
Binomial name
Tchadorhynchus quentini Troncy, 1970

Tchadorhynchus is a monotypic genus of acanthocephalans (thorny-headed or spiny-headed parasitic worms). It contains a single species, Tchadorhynchus quentini, which infests hyenas (Manis pentadactyla) in Chad.

Taxonomy

T. quentini is the type species. The National Center for Biotechnology Information does not indicate that any phylogenetic analysis has been published on Tchadorhynchus that would confirm its position as a unique order in the family Oligacanthorhynchidae. ^[1]

Description

TchadorhynchusTroncy, 1970 was erected as the single species contained within differs from related Oligacanthorhynchidae genera by morphological features of bot the adult and embryo as well as the group of hosts, hyenas, the worms parasitize. ^[2]

Distribution

The distribution of T. quentini is determined by that of its hosts. T. quentini has been found in Chad. ^[2]

Hosts

Life cycle of Acanthocephala.

The life cycle of an acanthocephalan consists of three stages beginning when an infective acanthor (development of an egg) is released from the intestines of the definitive host and then ingested by an arthropod, the intermediate host. The intermediate hosts of Tchadorhynchus are ?. When the acanthor molts, the second stage called the acanthella begins. This stage involves penetrating the wall of the mesenteron or the intestine of the intermediate host and growing. The final stage is the infective cystacanth which is the larval or juvenile state of an Acanthocephalan, differing from the adult only in size and stage of sexual development. The cystacanths within the intermediate hosts are consumed by the definitive host, usually attaching to the walls of the intestines, and as adults they reproduce sexually in the intestines. The acanthor is passed in the feces of the definitive host and the cycle repeats. There are no known paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Tchadorhynchus. ^[5]

Tchadorhynchus quentini was found parasitizing the striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) and the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)in Chad. There are no reported cases of T. quentini infesting humans in the English language medical literature. ^[4]

• Hosts for Tchadorhynchus quentini
• 
  The Striped hyena is a host of T. quentini
• 
  The Spotted hyena is a host of T. quentini

Notes

1. There are no known aberrant human infections for T. quentini species. ^[4]

References

1. Schoch, Conrad L; Ciufo, Stacy; Domrachev, Mikhail; Hotton, Carol L; Kannan, Sivakumar; Khovanskaya, Rogneda; Leipe, Detlef; Mcveigh, Richard; O’Neill, Kathleen; Robbertse, Barbara; Sharma, Shobha; Soussov, Vladimir; Sullivan, John P; Sun, Lu; Turner, Seán; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene (2020). "NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools". Database : The Journal of Biological Databases and Curation. NCBI. doi:10.1093/database/baaa062. PMC   7408187 . PMID   32761142 . Retrieved 1 April 2024.
2. Troncy, P. M. (1970). A contribution to the study of helminths in Africa, mainly Chad. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 41(6), 1487-1511.
3. CDC’s Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria (11 April 2019). "Acanthocephaliasis". www.cdc.gov. Center for Disease Control. Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
4. Mathison, BA; et al. (2021). "Human Acanthocephaliasis: a Thorn in the Side of Parasite Diagnostics". J Clin Microbiol. 59 (11): e02691-20. doi:10.1128/JCM.02691-20. PMC   8525584 . PMID   34076470.
5. Schmidt, G.D. (1985). "Development and life cycles". In Crompton, D.W.T.; Nickol, B.B. (eds.). Biology of the Acanthocephala (PDF). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 273–305. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.