Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Mirage Studios)

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Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Mirage vol 1 4-2.jpg
Cover of the second print of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #4.
Art by Michael Dooney.
Publication information
Publisher Mirage Studios
Genre
Publication date1984–2014
Main character(s) Leonardo
Raphael
Donatello
Michelangelo
Creative team
Created by Kevin Eastman
Peter Laird

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) is a comic book series that was published by Mirage Studios between 1984 and 2014. Conceived by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird, it was initially intended as a one-shot, but due to its popularity it became an ongoing series. The comic created the Turtles franchise of five television series, seven feature films, numerous video games, and a range of toys and merchandise.

Contents

Notable for its black and white format and darker tone compared to the rest of the adaptions that followed, the series follows the exploits of four genetically-mutated turtles who were trained under the orders of Master Splinter, a pet rat, to combat various foes, most notably involving the likes of the Foot clan and their leader Oroko Saki, who secretly takes on the identity of the Shredder.

Over the years, the Turtles have appeared in numerous cross-overs with other independent comics characters such as Dave Sim's Cerebus , Bob Burden's Flaming Carrot, Stan Sakai's Usagi Yojimbo , Image Universe series including Erik Larsen's Savage Dragon and Todd McFarlane's Spawn.

In October 2009, Peter Laird sold the rights to the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise to Viacom, the parent company of Nickelodeon. Mirage Studios was shut down on September 19, 2021. [1] In 2011, IDW Publishing secured the rights to publish a new series and reprint the older comics.

Origin of the concept

New Hampshire Historical Marker for the "Creation of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" in Dover, New Hampshire NH Marker for TMNT.jpg
New Hampshire Historical Marker for the “Creation of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles” in Dover, New Hampshire

The concept originated from a comical drawing sketched out by Kevin Eastman during a casual evening of brainstorming with his friend Peter Laird. The drawing of a short, squat turtle wearing a mask with nunchaku strapped to its arms was humorous to the young artists, as it played upon the inherent contradiction of a slow, cold-blooded reptile with the speed and agility of Japanese martial arts. Laird suggested that they create a team of four such turtles, each specializing in a different weapon. [2] Eastman and Laird often cited the work of Frank Miller and Jack Kirby as their major artistic influences. [3]

Using money from a tax refund together with a loan from Eastman's uncle, they formed Mirage Studios and self-published a single-issue comic book that would pastiche four popular comics of the early 1980s: Marvel Comics' The New Mutants , which featured teenage mutants; Cerebus , which featured anthropomorphic animals; Ronin ; and Daredevil , which featured ninja clans dueling for control of the New York City underworld. [4]

The Turtles' origin contained direct allusions to Daredevil : the traffic accident between a blind man and a truck carrying radioactive ooze is a direct reference to Daredevil's own story (indeed in the version told in the first issue, Splinter sees the canister strike a boy's face). The name "Splinter" also parodied Daredevil's mentor, a man known as "Stick". The Foot, a clan of evil ninjas who became the Turtles' arch-enemies, satirizes the Hand, who were a mysterious and deadly ninja clan in the pages of Daredevil. [2]

After conceiving the Turtles' mentor as a rat who had come from Japan and was a ninja master, Eastman and Laird thought of giving the turtles Japanese names, but as Laird explained, "we couldn't think of authentic-sounding Japanese names". Instead, they went with Renaissance artists, and picked the four they were most familiar with, with the help of Laird's copy of Janson's History of Art. [2] [5]

Publication history

Volume 1: 1984–1993

The first issue of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles was advertised in issues #1 and #2 of Eastman and Laird's 1984 comic, Gobbledygook, in addition to the Comics Buyer's Guide, issue 545. The full page advertisement in CBG helped gain the attention of retailers and jump-started their early sales. Because of the CBG's newspaper format, many were disposed of, making it a highly sought-after collector's item today. The book premiered in May 1984 at a comic book convention in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. It was printed in an oversized, magazine-style format using black and white artwork on cheap newsprint and had a print run of only 3,275 copies. It was a period of intense speculation in comic book investment, with especially strong interest in black and white comics from independent companies. The first printings of the original TMNT comics had small print runs that made them instant collector items. Within months, the books were trading at prices over 50 times their cover price.

The success also led to a black-and-white comics boom in the mid-1980s, wherein other small publishers put out animal-based parody books hoping to make a quick profit. Among them, the Adolescent Radioactive Black Belt Hamsters, the Pre-Teen Dirty-Gene Kung Fu Kangaroos , and the Karate Kreatures were obvious parodies of TMNT. Even Marvel Comics featured an advertisement for Adult Thermonuclear Samurai Elephants in 1986, but it evolved into an X-Men parody eventually released as Power Pachyderms in 1989. [6] Most of them were sold to comic shops in large numbers, but failed to catch on with readers. This speculation led to financial problems with both comic shops and distributors, contributing to a sales collapse in 1986–87.

The "Return to New York" story arc concluded in the spring of 1989 and by this time the Ninja Turtles phenomenon was well established in other media. Eastman and Laird then found themselves administrating an international merchandising juggernaut, overseeing a wide array of licensing deals. This prevented the two creators from participating in the day-to-day work of writing and illustrating a monthly comic book. For this reason, many guest artists were invited to showcase their unique talents in the TMNT universe. The breadth of diversity found in the various short stories had the adverse effect of somewhat disrupting continuity and gave the series a disjointed, anthology-like feel. Some of these artists, including Michael Dooney, Eric Talbot, A.C. Farley, Ryan Brown, Steve Lavigne, Steve Murphy, and Jim Lawson, continued to work with Mirage Studios for years to come.

Issue #45 kicked off a major turning point, as Mirage made a concerted effort to return the series to continuity. A 13-part story arc entitled "City at War" began with issue #50, which was the first issue to be completely written and illustrated by both Eastman and Laird since issue #11. Both "City at War" and Volume 1 concluded with the publication of issue #62 in August 1993.

Volume 2: 1993–1995

Mirage Studios launched Volume 2 with much fanfare in October 1993, as a full-color series that maintained the continuity of the first volume. Written and illustrated by Jim Lawson, the series lasted only thirteen issues before ceasing publication in October 1995. The cancellation was due to declining popularity and lagging sales as well as a flood at Mirage Studios.

Volume 3: 1996–1999, 2018

Volume 3, issue #10. Cover art by Frank Fosco and Erik Larsen. TMNTV3No10.jpg
Volume 3, issue #10. Cover art by Frank Fosco and Erik Larsen.

The Savage Dragon creator Erik Larsen relaunched the series in June 1996, with the publication of a third volume under the Image Comics banner. The series was written by Gary Carlson and drawn by Frank Fosco, and marked the return to black and white artwork. This volume was notable for having a faster pace and more intense action while inflicting major physical changes on the Turtles themselves; Leonardo losing a hand, Raphael's face being scarred, Splinter becoming a bat, and Donatello becoming a cyborg. In a plot twist, Raphael even took on the identity of The Shredder and assumed leadership of the Foot. With Volume 3, the Turtles were incorporated into the Image Universe, which provided opportunities for a few crossovers and guest appearances by characters from Image series.

The series ceased publication on a cliffhanger in 1999 with issue #23, and it was no longer considered part of the "official" TMNT canon due in part to a lack of desire by co-creator Peter Laird to follow up material with which he was not directly involved nor fully approved. Raph's depiction as the Shredder however, was referenced in an episode of the third season of the 2003 animated series, "The Darkness Within", where Raph was exposed to his fear of giving into anger and becoming the very thing he hated.

After its cancellation, the series remained in publication limbo for nearly two decades, with no reprints or collected volumes. In 2018, IDW Publishing, which publishes their own TMNT comic series, began to reprint the existing 23 issues in full color under the title TMNT: Urban Legends, as well as commission Carlson and Fosco to write and draw an official three-issue conclusion to the story. [7] [8]

Volume 4: 2001–2014

Peter Laird and Jim Lawson brought the Turtles back to their roots with the simply-titled TMNT in December 2001. Published bi-monthly, the series took the opportunity to correct a persistent error: since the first issue of Volume 1, Michelangelo's name had been misspelled as "Michaelangelo". It is now spelled correctly, consistent with his Renaissance namesake Michelangelo Buonarroti.[ citation needed ]

Picking up fifteen years after the conclusion of Volume 2 (and omitting the events of Volume 3), the Turtles, now in their early thirties, are living together in their sewer lair beneath New York City. April and Casey have been married for some time and remain in contact with the Turtles from their nearby apartment. Splinter continues to live at the Northampton farmhouse, where he has become a "grandfather" of sorts to Casey's teenage daughter, Shadow. The Utroms return to Earth in a very public arrival, subsequently establishing a peaceful base in Upper New York Bay. Since the arrival, aliens — and other bizarre lifeforms, like the Turtles — have become more accepted within society. No longer forced to live in hiding, the Turtles can now roam freely among the world of humans, albeit under the guise of being aliens.

The series continued until the acquisition of the franchise by Viacom in 2009. As part of the sale, Peter Laird was allowed to continue Volume 4, [9] but issues were released sporadically, as they had been in the months before the sale. Issue no. 31 was originally released as an online comic only, while issue no. 32 was released for the 2014 Free Comic Book Day, almost 4 years after issue no. 31 was released online. [10] Issue no. 31 was released in print for the first time for Free Comic Book Day 2015. [11] Mirage retained the rights to publish 18 issues a year, though Mirage Studios was shut down on September 19, 2021. [1]

During the early days of the franchise, each of the four turtles received their own one-shot (or "micro-series"), plus a one-shot featuring the Fugitoid. There was also a one-shot anthology, Turtle Soup, released in 1987, which led to a four-part series of the same name in 1991–92. The Turtles had a four-issue mini-series co-starring Flaming Carrot (the Turtles previously guest-starred in issues #25–27 of the Carrot's own Dark Horse-published series), and the Fugitoid teamed up with Mirage regular Michael Dooney's creator-owned character Gizmo for a two-issue limited series. Kevin Eastman and Rick Veitch created a story starring Casey Jones, which was initially serialized in the four-issue anthology series Plastron Cafe, and later colorized and released with a previously unseen conclusion in the two-part Casey Jones mini-series. Eastman then collaborated with Simon Bisley on a mini-series that was supposed to be released by Mirage under the title Casey Jones & Raphael, but after one issue, it was released by Image under the title Bodycount as a four-part mini-series which began with an expanded version of the sole Mirage-published issue.

Collected books

The first collected volumes were released by First Publishing, who published four volumes from 1986 to 1988, collecting colorized versions of issues #1–11, plus the one-shot Leonardo #1 (the other three micro series one-shots were not included).

In 1988, Mirage Studios released Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Collected Book Volume One, collecting issues #1–11, and the four micro series one-shots. It was available only by mail order directly from Mirage, either as a trade paperback at US $20 (with cover art by Peter Laird; 5,000 copies printed) or as a limited edition hardcover at US $100 (with cover art by Kevin Eastman, 1,000 copies, signed by Eastman and Laird). Between 1990 and 1991, Mirage Studios published seven volumes of The Collected Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles trade paperbacks, reprinting mostly consecutive issues #1-#29 and the four micro series one-shots, with all books featuring new cover art from artist A.C. Farley. The cover price for Volume 1 was US $16.95 due to this book containing the most issues reprinted, with volumes 2–7 at US $6.95 each, containing an average of three issues reprinted.

As part of the 25th-anniversary celebrations in 2009, with no new reprint collected books released in many years and long out of print, Mirage published a new trade paperback Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Collected Book Volume 1 which was released in July 2009 with a cover price of US $29.95, unlike previous editions collecting issues #1–11, plus the four micro series one-shots, this new edition included reprinting Fugitoid issue #1, and some bonus material.

A new hardcover deluxe reprint collection was published by IDW Publishing, which had been given the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles rights from Viacom in 2011, including reprinting the older comics.

Mirage Publishing

First Publishing

Image Comics

Heavy Metal

IDW Comics

Appearance in other media

Comics

The ongoing IDW continuity features two minor cross-references with the Mirage comics in Bebop & Rocksteady Destroy Everything! #1, where its intro sequence connects to the story from the Tales of the TMNT issue Vol.1 #7: "The Return of Savanti Romero", and in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles/Usagi Yojimbo , where the previous encounters between Miyamoto Usagi and the Mirage Turtles [12] are mentioned in one scene. [13]

Animation

The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles cartoon series that debuted in 2003 ended with Turtles Forever , a crossover movie with two other Turtles properties: the 1987 cartoon and the universe of the original Mirage comics. A similar idea was used for the 2012 cartoon's episode "Transdimensional Turtles" with the 2012 cartoon iterations replacing their 2003 counterparts. In both specials, an interdimensional plot-launched by the 2003 Utrom Shredder in Forever and 1987 Krang and the 2012 Kraang in Transdimensional-involved the Mirage Comics world. This reality is referred to as Turtle Prime or the Primary Turtle Dimension, the destruction of which would set off a chain reaction wiping out all other Turtles and potentially their realities.

Related Research Articles

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, commonly abbreviated as TMNT, is a media franchise created by the comic book artists Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. It follows Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael and Michelangelo, four anthropomorphic turtle brothers trained in ninjutsu who fight evil in New York City. The franchise encompasses printed media, television series', feature films, video games, and merchandise.

Donatello (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Fictional character

Donatello, nicknamed Donnie, is a superhero and one of the four main characters of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media. He is the smartest and often gentlest of his brothers, wearing a purple mask over his eyes. He wields a bō staff, his primary signature weapon in all media.

Raphael (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Fictional superhero

Raphael, nicknamed Raph, is a superhero and one of the four main characters of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media. In most iterations, he is depicted as the most aggressive of the turtle brothers, physically the strongest, and often at odds with his brother, Leonardo.

Michelangelo (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Fictional superhero

Michelangelo, nicknamed Mikey, is a superhero and one of the four main characters of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media. Characterized as the most naturally gifted of the four brothers, Michelangelo prefers leisure to training martial arts. The most jocular and energetic of the team, he is shown to be rather immature; he is known for his wisecracks, quick-wit, optimism, and love of skateboarding and pizza. He is usually depicted wearing an orange eye mask. His signature weapons are a single or dual nunchaku, though he has also been portrayed using other weapons, such as a grappling hook, manriki-gusari, kusarigama, tonfa, and a three-section staff. He is commonly portrayed in media as speaking with a California accent and is most associated with the "Cowabunga" expression that became a pop culture phenomenon.

Shredder (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Fictional supervillain in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise

The Shredder is a supervillain and the main antagonist of most of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles media franchise created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The character debuted in the Mirage Studios comic book Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1, and has since endured as the archenemy of the turtles and their Master Splinter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kevin Eastman</span> American comic book artist and writer

Kevin Brooks Eastman is an American comic book writer and artist best known for co-creating the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles with Peter Laird. Eastman was also formerly the editor and publisher of the magazine Heavy Metal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Laird</span> American comic book artist

Peter Alan Laird is an American comic book writer and artist best known for co-creating the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles with writer and artist Kevin Eastman.

<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i> (2003 TV series) Animated television series

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an American animated television series developed by Lloyd Goldfine and based on the characters created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The series premiered on February 8, 2003, as part of Fox's FoxBox programming block and ended on February 28, 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">April O'Neil</span> Fictional character in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles universe

April O'Neil is a fictional character from the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics. She is the first human ally of the Ninja Turtles.

<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III</i> 1993 film directed by Stuart Gillard

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III is a 1993 American superhero film based on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. Written and directed by Stuart Gillard, it is the sequel to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990) and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze (1991), and the third installment in the original Turtles film trilogy. It stars Elias Koteas, Paige Turco, Vivian Wu, Sab Shimono, and Stuart Wilson with the voices of Brian Tochi, Robbie Rist, Corey Feldman, and Tim Kelleher. The plot revolves around the "Sacred Sands of Time", a mystical scepter which transports the Turtles and April back in time to feudal Japan, where they become embroiled in a conflict between a daimyō and a group of rebellious villagers.

Rat King (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Fictional character

The Rat King is a fictional character in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles multimedia franchise. The character was created by Jim Lawson and first appeared in the comic Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #4 written by Jim Lawson and has made various appearances since, in the comic books and other media, such as animated series and video games.

Karai (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Comics character

Karai is a fictional supporting character appearing in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and related media. She is usually a high-rank member of the Foot Clan outlaw ninja organization. She was introduced in Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird's comic book series Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in 1992. Since then, she has appeared in several different Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics, television series, films, and video games. She is depicted as Shredder's second-in-command or adopted daughter in most versions and shares a rivalry with Leonardo and is at times considered his love interest. In one version of the comics, she is the granddaughter of the immortal Shredder, while in the 2012 series, she is Hamato Miwa, the only child of Hamato "Splinter" Yoshi and the late Tang Shen.

Venus (<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i>) Fictional character within the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise

Venus de Milo is a fictional superheroine within the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise. She first appeared in the television series, Ninja Turtles: The Next Mutation. There, she was portrayed by Nicole Parker and voiced by Lalainia Lindbjerg. She was the only female turtle prior to the introduction of Jennika in the IDW continuity in 2015, and Lita the following year. Venus is currently the only turtle named after a work of art, rather than an artist like the rest of the turtles.

<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures</i> American comic book series

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures is an American comic book series that was published from August 1988 to October 1995 by Archie Comics. The series, which was aimed at a younger audience than other Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics at the time, ran for 72 issues. In addition, there were numerous annuals, specials, and miniseries.

<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i> action figures Action figures based on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

Action figures based on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise have been produced by Playmates Toys since 1988. Staff artists at the Northampton, Massachusetts based Mirage Studios have provided conceptual designs for many of the figures, vehicles, and playsets and are credited on the packaging of the products they created.

<i>Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i> US comic book series

Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an anthology comic book series that was published by Mirage Studios starting in May 1987. It acted as a companion book to the main Turtles comic series, presenting additional stories featuring the Turtles and their supporting cast and filling in the gaps in the continuity of the Mirage Turtles universe. It was published in two distinct volumes.

<i>Turtles Forever</i> 2009 animated superhero film

Turtles Forever is a 2009 American animated superhero film directed that is a crossover between two different incarnations of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise. The plot follows the Turtles of the 2003 animated television series as they team up with the Turtles of the 1987 television series to save the multiverse from the wrath of Ch’Rell, the Utrom Shredder of the 2003 television series. Directed by Roy Burdine and Lloyd Goldfine and written by Goldfine, Rob David, and Matthew Drdek, it was produced in celebration of the 25th anniversary of the characters while also serving as the finale to the 2003 television series.

Mirage Studios was an American comic book company founded in 1983 by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird in Dover, New Hampshire. The company was best known for the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) comic book series and the subsequent franchise it has spawned.

<i>Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles</i> (IDW Publishing) Ongoing American comic book series

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an ongoing American comic book series published by IDW Publishing. Debuting in August 2011, the series is part of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles media franchise created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird and was the first new comic incarnation of the Turtles to debut after the franchise's sale to Nickelodeon in October 2009. It is the fifth comic book series in the franchise's publication history and serves as a reboot of the franchise's story and characters, including those originating in media from outside the original Mirage comics.

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an American animated television series developed by Ciro Nieli, Joshua Sternin, and Jennifer Ventimilia for Nickelodeon, based on the characters created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The series begins with the Turtles emerging from their sewer home for the first time, using their ninjutsu training to fight enemies in present-day New York City. The series ran in the United States from September 28, 2012, to November 12, 2017.

References

  1. 1 2 Laird, Peter (September 19, 2021). "September, 2021". Mirage Studios. Archived from the original on October 6, 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 The fascinating origin story of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Archived June 3, 2022, at the Wayback Machine , The Week
  3. ↑ John Morrow (May 26, 2004). The Collected Jack Kirby Collector. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 202. ISBN   978-1-893905-32-0 . Retrieved June 3, 2013.
  4. ↑ "I Was a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle". January 26, 2007. Archived from the original on January 3, 2010.
  5. ↑ "Peter Laird Interview". Kidzworld.
  6. ↑ Yezpitelok, Maxwell (January 1, 2022). "Ninja Turtles Ripped Off Marvel (So Marvel Tried To Rip Them Back)". Cracked . Literally Media Ltd. Archived from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
  7. ↑ "IDW to Reprint Image's TMNT Comics, Including Official Ending". Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.com. 2018. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  8. ↑ "The Long-Unfinished Image TMNT Comic Is Finally Getting Its Ending at IDW". Gizmodo. February 20, 2018. Archived from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2022.
  9. ↑ Marnell, Blair (October 27, 2009). "Does Nickelodeon's 'Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles' Deal Mean the End of Mirage?". MTV News . Archived from the original on October 26, 2021.
  10. ↑ Edwards, Matt (June 25, 2014). "Celebrating 30 years of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles". Den of Geek . Archived from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2022.
  11. ↑ Reeve, Rosemary (April 28, 2015). "Free Comic Book Day is This Saturday!". Ninja Pizza. Archived from the original on May 21, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2020.
  12. ↑ TMNT: Turtle Soup: "Turtle Soup and Rabbit Stew" (Mirage, September 1987) and TMNT: Shell Shock: "The Treaty" (Mirage, December 1989); Usagi Yojimbo, Vol.1 #10: "The Crossing" (Fantagraphics, 1988), and Vol.2 #1–3: "Shades of Green" #1–3 (Mirage, 1992)
  13. ↑ Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles/Usagi Yojimbo IDW Publishing. July 2017

Further reading

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