| Tephromela lignicola | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Tephromelataceae |
| Genus: | Tephromela |
| Species: | T. lignicola |
| Binomial name | |
| Tephromela lignicola Orange & Fryday (2019) | |
Tephromela lignicola is a species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Tephromelataceae. It is found in the Falkland Islands, where it grows on fenceposts and similar timber.
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2019 by lichenologists Alan Orange and Alan Fryday. The type specimen was collected by the second author from Weddell Island, where it was found growing on a fencepost. The species epithet refers to its preferred substrate. Other lichens associated with Tephromela lignicola include Blastenia circumpolaris , Buellia punctata , Cliostomum griffithii , Lecanora expallens , and Xylographa vitiligo . [1]
The thallus of Tephromela lignicola is endoxylic, meaning it is completely within its woody substrate. Its tiny soralia emerge from the surface, initially following the grain of the wood, but eventually forming a more or less continuous crust. The soredia are finely powdery (farinose) and pale green to blue-grey; individually they measure 20–25 μm in diameter, but aggregate into clumps that are up to 75–100 μm across. The lichen is sterile, meaning it does not produce apothecia. The photobiont partner is trebouxioid—spherical, unicellular green algae. Thin-layer chromatography shows that the lichen contains atranorin and alectoronic acid. [1]
Tephromela lignicola is endemic to the Falkland Islands, and is locally frequent on East Falkland, West Falkland, and Weddell Island. It grows on fenceposts and worked lumber. [2]
Skyttea violacea is a lichenicolous fungus that has been noted to parasitise Tephromela lignicola. [2]
Cliostomum is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. It has about 25 species.
Pseudephebe is a genus of fruticose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. It contains three species that grow on rocks.
Bryonora is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1983 by lichenologist Josef Poelt, with Bryonora castanea assigned as the type species.
Carbonea is a genus of fungi in the family Lecanoraceae. Most of the species grow on lichens. The genus is widespread, and contains 20 species. Carbonea was originally circumscribed as a subgenus of Lecidea in 1967 before it was promoted to generic status in 1983.
Porpidia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecideaceae.
Rhizocarpon is a genus of crustose, saxicolous, lecideoid lichens in the family Rhizocarpaceae. The genus is common in arctic-alpine environments, but also occurs throughout temperate, subtropical, and even tropical regions. They are commonly known as map lichens because of the prothallus forming border-like bands between colonies in some species, like the common map lichen.
Coccotrema is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the type genus of the family Coccotremataceae, in the order Pertusariales. The genus contains 16 species.
Tephromela is a genus of lichens in the family Tephromelataceae. There are about 25 species in this widespread genus.
Circum Peak is a mountain rising to 198 m (650 ft) in the southeast part of Weddell Island in the Falkland Islands. It is located at, which is 2.12 km (1.32 mi) southeast of Mount Weddell, and surmounts New Year Cove to the southeast and Gull Harbour to the northeast.
Palicella is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae. It contains six species.
Notoparmelia is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. It includes 18 species that grow on bark and rocks, and are mostly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The genus was created in 2014 as a segregate of Parmelia.
Hymenelia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the family Hymeneliaceae.
Buellia gypsyensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in the Falkland Islands, it was described as a new species in 2019 by British lichenologist Alan Fryday. The type was collected from Gypsy Cove near Port Stanley in East Falkland, where it was found growing on a north-facing rock; it is named for its type locality. The main distinguishing characteristics of the lichen are its filiform (threadlike) conidia and the presence of 5-O-methylhiascic acid as the major secondary chemical in the thallus.
Atrophysma is a fungal genus in the family Pannariaceae. It contains the single species Atrophysma cyanomelanos, a crustose lichen found only in Alaska.
Porpidia seakensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. It is an endolithic species, meaning it grows inside the rocks, between the grains. Found only in Alaska, it was formally described as a new species in 2020 by British lichenologist Alan Fryday. The type specimen was collected in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, in Glacier Bay National Park. Here it was discovered growing on granitic rock in a woodland. The lichen is only known from this area, although it is locally common. Its preferred habitat is siliceous rocks and boulders in wooded areas that are open and well lit. The specific epithet seakensis uses the letters "seak" to refer to a standard abbreviation for southeast Alaska.
Bacidina circumpulla is a species of crustose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. Found in Alaska and British Columbia, it was described as a new species in 2020 by Stefan Ekman.
Sagiolechia phaeospora is a species of crustose lichen in the family Sagiolechiaceae. It is found in the alpine tundra of Alaska.
Protothelenella is a genus of fungi in the family Protothelenellaceae. It contains 11 species, some of which form lichens. Protothelenella species have a crustose thallus with spherical to pear-shaped, dark brown to blackish perithecia. Microscopic characteristics of the genus include bitunicate asci with an amyloid tholus, and ascospores that are colourless and contain multiple internal partitions. Some species grow on acidic substrates including rocks, soil, bryophytes, plant detritus or rotten wood. Other species are lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling), growing on species of Solorina, Peltigera, Pseudocyphellaria, or Cladonia.
Schaereria porpidioides is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. It is found in the Falkland Islands.
Pseudephebe mariensis is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found on Mount Maria in the Falkland Islands, where it grows in grassland and Empetrum-heath. The lichen is found from elevations ranging from 500 to 650 m.