The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) is a pro-Beijing conservative political party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Gary Chan and holding 13 Legislative Council seats,it is currently the largest party in the legislature and in terms of membership,far ahead of other parties. It has been a key supporting force to the SAR administration and the central government's policies on Hong Kong.
The Frontier was a pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong. It was founded on 26 August 1996 by a group of Legislative Council members and democratic activists headed by Convenor Emily Lau. It was merged into the Democratic Party,the pro-democracy flagship party on 23 November 2008. A new party bearing the same name was established in 2010 by former members who opposed the previous Frontier joining the Democratic Party.
The Democratic Party (DP) is a centre-left liberal political party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Lo Kin-hei,it is the flagship party in the pro-democracy camp and currently has seven elected representatives in the District Councils.
Cyd Ho Sau-lan is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (Legco) for the Hong Kong Island constituency.
Albert Ho Chun-yan is a solicitor and politician in Hong Kong. He is the former chairman (2014–2019) and vice-chair (2019–2021) of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China,and former chairman of the Democratic Party from 2006 to 2012. He is a solicitor and a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong for District Council (Second) constituency.
The Kowloon East geographical constituency was one of the five geographical constituencies in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1998 to 2021. It was established in 1998 for the first SAR Legislative Council election and was abolished under the 2021 overhaul of the Hong Kong electoral system. In the 2016 Legislative Council election,it elected five members of the Legislative Council using the Hare quota of party-list proportional representation. The constituency corresponded to the today's districts of Wong Tai Sin and Kwun Tong.
The New Territories East geographical constituency was one of the five geographical constituencies in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was established in 1998 for the first SAR Legislative Council election and was abolished under the 2021 overhaul of the Hong Kong electoral system. It encompassed Sha Tin District,Tai Po District,North District and Sai Kung District. In the 2016 Legislative Council election,nine members of the Legislative Council using the Hare quota of party-list proportional representation with 1,139,616 electorates in 2020.
The pro-democracy camp,also known as the pan-democracy camp,is a political alignment in Hong Kong that supports increased democracy,namely the universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council as given by the Basic Law under the "One Country,Two Systems" framework.
James To Kun-sun is a Hong Kong lawyer and Democratic Party politician. From 1991 to 2020,To was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong,representing the District Council (Second) constituency. In his final four years,To was the most senior member in the Legislative Council,and was also the convenor of the pro-democracy caucus from 2016 to 2017. He was also a former member of the Yau Tsim Mong District Council representing Olympic.
The Civic Party (CP) was a pro-democracy liberal political party in Hong Kong.
The League of Social Democrats (LSD) is a social democratic party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Chan Po-ying,wife of Leung Kwok-hung,it positions itself as the radical wing of the pro-democracy camp and stresses on "street actions" and "parliamentary struggles". It currently holds two seats in the District Councils.
The Neo Democrats was a pro-democracy,localist political group in Hong Kong composed mainly of former and disenchanted members of the Democratic Party New Territories East branch after the 2012 constitutional reform proposals. It had held one seat in the Legislative Council until Gary Fan lost his re-election in the 2016 Legislative Council election. Fan won the seat back in the 2018 by-election,but lost his seat after a court declared that he was not duly elected. It held 8 seats in the District Councils before its dissolution on 26 June 2021.
The 2011 Hong Kong District Council elections were held on 6 November 2011. Elections were held to all 18 District Councils of Hong Kong,returning 412 members from directly elected constituencies,each selecting a council member. After the government's constitutional reform package was passed in 2010,five new seats in the Legislative Council would be created in which the candidates would be nominated by all District Councillors.
People Power (PP) is a populist and radical democratic political party in Hong Kong. Formerly chaired by Raymond Chan,it belongs to the radical wing of the pro-democracy camp and currently holds one seat in the District Councils.
The Fourth Legislative Council of Hong Kong was the fourth meeting of the legislative branch of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government. The membership of the LegCo is based on the 2008 election. The term of the session is from 1 October 2008 to 30 September 2012,during the second half of the Donald Tsang's administration and first two months of the Leung Chun-ying's term in office. The meeting place was moved from the Legislative Council Building to the new built Legislative Council Complex in 2011. The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong remained the largest party with 10 seats. Notable newcomers to the Legislative Council included Regina Ip,Priscilla Leung,Wong Yuk-man,Tanya Chan,and Paul Tse.
The 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). A total of 70 members,35 from geographical constituencies (GCs) and 35 from functional constituencies (FCs),were returned. The election came after the rejection of the 2016/2017 constitutional reform proposals which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.
Liberalism has a long tradition as an economic philosophy since the founding of Hong Kong as an entrepôt which cherishes private property,the free market,and free trade. In recent decades,Hong Kong has earned its international reputation as one of the "freest economies in the world". As a political trend,liberalism has become the driving force of the democratic movement since the 1980s which is mainly represented by the pro-democracy camp which strives for the universal suffrage,human rights and rule of law in Hong Kong.
The People Power–League of Social Democrats,are two radical democratic parties that set up an electoral alliance for the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election under the name "progressive democrats". It fielded a total of nine candidates to contest Legislative Council seats in the five geographical constituencies,in which two of the three incumbents were returned.
Thomas Yan Sun-kong is a Hong Kong politician and former journalist. He is the current convenor of The Frontier and the former vice-chairman of People Power.
The 2018 Hong Kong Legislative Council by-election was held on 11 March 2018 for four of the six vacancies in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) - the Hong Kong Island,Kowloon West and New Territories East geographical constituencies and the Architectural,Surveying,Planning and Landscape functional constituency - resulting from the disqualification of six pro-democrat and localist camp Legislative Council members over the 2016 oath-taking controversy. The by-election for the two other seats was not held due to pending legal appeals by the two disqualified legislators.
