List of political parties in Hong Kong

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Hong Kong has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party was allowed to gain power by controlling the Legislative Council. The Chief Executive is appointed by the Premier of the People's Republic of China based on an indirectly elected Election Committee and is de facto pro-Beijing but de jure is said to be nonpartisan as specified in the Chief Executive Election Ordinance. Once selected, the Chief Executive forms an unelected government which superficially has to rely on political parties in the legislature for support, but the legislature has been deliberately designed and redesigned to be a pro-Beijing rubber stamp body. [1] [2]

Contents

Hong Kong has no legislation for political parties; thus, it has no legal definition for what a political party is. Most political parties and political groups registered either as limited companies or societies.

In Hong Kong, there were two main political ideological blocs, which presents to pro-democracy camp (include localists) and pro-Beijing camp. Under the newly introduced electoral system, only government-approved candidates may run, effectively disqualifying any candidates who are not from the pro-Beijing camp or approved by Beijing. Most of the pro-democracy camp Legislative Councillors from the previous LegCo have been jailed by the Hong Kong government and are therefore disqualified from participating in elections without the need for government vetting.

Present parties

The list includes also political groups, trade unions, professional associations and pressure groups in Hong Kong that have been active in elections but are not considered parties.

Parties and groups in the Legislative and District Councils

As of 19 June 2017, there were a total number of 16 political groupings represented in the Legislative and District Councils: [3] There are currently (As of August 2021) 8 political groups are still officially represented, and 4 further political groups represented by members of the first 8 groups (New Territories Association of Societies, New Territories Heung Yee Kuk, Kowloon West New Dynamic, Civil Force), all 12 are pro-Beijing parties. [4]

PartyFoundedCampIdeologyLeader 7th Legislative Council 7th District Councils
SeatVote shareSeatVote share
DAB Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong
民主建港協進聯盟
10 July 1992 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Chinese nationalism
Social conservatism
Gary Chan
19 / 90
51.43%
147 / 470
41.58%
FTU Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions
香港工會聯合會
17 April 1948 Pro-Beijing Ng Chau-pei
8 / 90
14.53%
43 / 470
17.61%
BPA Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong
香港經濟民生聯盟
7 October 2012 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Economic liberalism
Chinese nationalism
Lo Wai-kwok
7 / 90
Only FC
24 / 470
5.04%
NPP New People's Party
新民黨
9 January 2011 Pro-Beijing Regina Ip
5 / 90
11.35%
25 / 470
8.52%
LP Liberal Party
自由黨
6 June 1993 Pro-Beijing Tommy Cheung
4 / 90
Only FC
8 / 470
1.67%
NTAS New Territories Association of Societies
新界社團聯會
1985 Pro-Beijing Chan Yung
4 / 90
Part of DAB
1 / 479
0.48%
FEW Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers
香港教育工作者聯會
13 April 1975 Pro-Beijing Lau Chi-pang
2 / 90
Only FC DNP
FLU Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions
港九勞工社團聯會
November 1984 Pro-Beijing Lam Chun-sing
2 / 90
Only FC
3 / 470
1.06%
CF Civil Force
公民力量
1993 Pro-Beijing Pun Kwok-shan
2 / 90
Part of NPP
17 / 470
Part of NPP
RT Roundtable
實政圓桌
7 May 2015 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)

Moderate conservatism

Michael Tien
1 / 90
3.02%
0 / 470
0.61%
PP Professional Power
專業動力
2010 Centrist
Pro-Beijing
Conservatism (HK)

Centrism

Christine Fong
1 / 90
2.89%
1 / 470
2.01%
KWND Kowloon West New Dynamic
西九新動力
16 March 2008 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Economic liberalism
Priscilla Leung
1 / 90
2.78%
6 / 470
No elected
NPHK New Prospect for Hong Kong
香港新方向
October 2019 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Gang Piao Interests
Marco Liu
1 / 90
2.19%
1 / 470
1.79%
NCF New Century Forum
新世紀論壇
23 June 1999 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)

Chinese nationalism

Ma Fung-kwok
1 / 90
Elected by ECC DNP
TS Third Side
新思維
3 January 2016 Centrist Liberalism (HK)
Centrism
Tik Chi-yuen
1 / 90
0.31%DNP

Other parties and groups

Other parties and groups without any representation that have participated in the elections include:

Pro-West camp

Pro-Beijing camp

Localist groups

Umbrella organisations

Others

Regional organisations, communal pressure groups and Kaifong associations

Electoral coalitions

Defunct

See also

Related Research Articles

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The Baptist Convention of Hong Kong is an association of Baptist Christian churches in Hong Kong. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance. The headquarters is in Mong Kok.

Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers (HKFEW) is a pro-Beijing teachers union in Hong Kong. Established in 1975, it is currently the largest teachers union in Hong Kong, after the disbandment of the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union. It was established to "rally teachers to adopt the position of 'loving Hong Kong and the Motherland'", as part of China's united front work in Hong Kong's educational sector.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong</span> Political party in Hong Kong

The Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong was a pro-Beijing pro-business and conservative political party in Hong Kong. It was established in 1990, and was composed of mainly conservative businessmen and professionals. It contested in the District Board elections, Urban and Regional Council elections and the first Legislative Council election in 1991 against the liberal United Democrats of Hong Kong (UDHK). It was merged into the Hong Kong Progressive Alliance in 1997. Chaired by Hu Fa-kuang and vice-chaired by Maria Tam and Philip Kwok, the leading figures included Tso Wung-wai, Howard Young, and Daniel Heung.

The Progressive Hong Kong Society was a political group in Hong Kong. It was established on 14 February 1985 by the then Executive and Legislative Council member Maria Tam. The party is considered conservative and pro-Beijing, in contrast to the pro-democracy forces which rose to prominence in the late 1980s and early 90s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 Hong Kong legislative election</span> Election in Hong Kong

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Localist camp</span> Hong Kong political groups favoring autonomy

Localist camp or localist and self-determination groups refers to the various groups with localist ideologies in Hong Kong. It emerged from post-80s social movements in the late 2000s which centred on the preservation of the city's autonomy and local lifestyles and opposed the perceived growing encroachment of the Chinese government on the city's management of its own political, economic, and social affairs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALLinHK</span> Political party in Hong Kong

ALLinHK was an electoral alliance formed by six groups which emerged from the 2014 Hong Kong protests and consists of Youngspiration, Kowloon East Community, Tin Shui Wai New Force, Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power, Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power and Tuen Mun Community. It was formed to improve prospects in the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election with the slogan of "Hong Kong nation's self-determination".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Professional Power</span> Political party in Hong Kong

Professional Power is a political group based in Sai Kung District, Hong Kong. The group is formed and led by Christine Fong, a former member of the Liberal Party. The group markets itself as nonpartisan and currently has four members in the Sai Kung District Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Community Sha Tin</span> Political party in Hong Kong

Community Sha Tin was a local political group based in Sha Tin formed in 2017 by a group of pro-democracy Sha Tin District Councillors. It was disbanded in 2021 following the change of political atmosphere in Hong Kong.

Ting Tsz-yuen is a Hong Kong pro-democracy politician and a former member of the Sha Tin District Council for Kam Ying. A former Frontier and Democratic Party member, Ting is also a current convenor of the local political group Community Sha Tin and the deputy convenor of the Community Alliance. Mr Ting born in Hong Kong, and his ancestral hometown is Dongguan city( 東莞市), Guangdong province.

The Alliance for Social and Economic Advancement is a political party in Hong Kong. The party was founded on 10 September 2019 and is led by Herman Yuen. The party describes itself as part of a "construction camp", preferring to focus on citizen livelihood and public policy rather than politics. The party fielded three candidates in the 2019 Hong Kong local elections. In response to criticism regarding the party only fielding candidates in constituencies held by pro-Beijing district councillors, Yuen said the choice of constituencies was made based on familiarity with each area and a dissatisfaction with livelihood work there. Although the party is part of the pro-Beijing camp, it believes that the government's response to the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests has been ineffective and that the government should better listen to its people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power</span> Political party in Hong Kong

Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power was a local political group based in Tsz Wan Shan of Wong Tai Sin District founded in January 2015 by a group of HKGolden netizens. Inspired by the Umbrella Revolution, the group contested in the 2015 District Council election but failed to win any seats. It won two seats in a historic pro-democracy landslide in 2019 District Council election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power</span> Political party in Hong Kong

Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power was a local political group based in Cheung Sha Wan of Sham Shui Po District founded in 2015. Inspired by the Umbrella Revolution, the group contested in the 2015 District Council election but failed to win any seats. It won one seat in a historic pro-democracy landslide in 2019 District Council election, occupied by its convenor Leos Lee Man-ho.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christine Choi</span> Hong Kong politician (born 1966)

Christine Choi Yuk-lin, is the current Secretary for Education in Hong Kong, formerly the principal of Fukien Secondary School and vice-chairlady of Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers.

The A4 Alliance is a political alliance of four independent lawmakers in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

References

  1. Kent Ewing (12 November 2020). "With Hong Kong's democrats gone, why not get rid of the rubber-stamp legislature altogether?". Hong Kong Free Press . Archived from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  2. "This week in politics_2:Election Rules Changed, Council Turned into Rubber Stamp". Citizen News . 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  3. "List of Political Affiliations of LegCo Members and DC Members" (PDF). District Councils of Hong Kong.
  4. "Serving Members of the Sixth Legislative Council". Legislative Council of Hong Kong.