List of political parties in Hong Kong

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Hong Kong has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party was allowed to gain power by controlling the Legislative Council. The Chief Executive is appointed by the Premier of the People's Republic of China based on an indirectly elected Election Committee and is de facto pro-Beijing but de jure is said to be nonpartisan as specified in the Chief Executive Election Ordinance. Once selected, the Chief Executive forms an unelected government which superficially has to rely on political parties in the legislature for support, but the legislature has been deliberately designed and redesigned to be a pro-Beijing rubber stamp body. [1] [2]

Contents

Hong Kong has no legislation for political parties; thus, it has no legal definition for what a political party is. Most political parties and political groups registered either as limited companies or societies.

In Hong Kong, there were two main political ideological blocs, which presents to pro-democracy camp (include localists) and pro-Beijing camp. Under the newly introduced electoral system since 2021, only government-approved candidates may run, effectively disqualifying any candidates who are not from the pro-Beijing camp or approved by Beijing. Most of the pro-democracy camp Legislative Councillors from the previous LegCo have been jailed by the Hong Kong government and are therefore disqualified from participating in elections without the need for government vetting.

Present parties

There are 9 major political groups represented in the Legislative Council, including trade unions, professional associations and pressure groups. 2 further political groups (New Territories Association of Societies and Civil Force) are represented by those members. [3]

PartyFoundedCampIdeologyLeader 7th Legislative Council 7th District Councils
SeatVote shareSeatVote share
DAB Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong
民主建港協進聯盟		10 July 1992 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Chinese nationalism
Social conservatism 		Gary Chan
19 / 90
51.43%
147 / 470
41.58%
FTU Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions
香港工會聯合會		17 April 1948 Pro-Beijing Ng Chau-pei
8 / 90
14.53%
43 / 470
17.61%
BPA Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong
香港經濟民生聯盟		7 October 2012 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Economic liberalism
Chinese nationalism 		Lo Wai-kwok
7 / 90
Only FC
24 / 470
5.04%
NPP New People's Party
新民黨		9 January 2011 Pro-Beijing Regina Ip
5 / 90
11.35%
25 / 470
8.52%
LP Liberal Party
自由黨		6 June 1993 Pro-Beijing Tommy Cheung
4 / 90
Only FC
8 / 470
1.67%
NTAS New Territories Association of Societies
新界社團聯會		1985 Pro-Beijing Chan Yung
4 / 90
Part of DAB
1 / 479
0.48%
FEW Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers
香港教育工作者聯會		13 April 1975 Pro-Beijing Lau Chi-pang
2 / 90
Only FC DNP
FLU Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions
港九勞工社團聯會		November 1984 Pro-Beijing Lam Chun-sing
2 / 90
Only FC
3 / 470
1.06%
CF Civil Force
公民力量		1993 Pro-Beijing Pun Kwok-shan
2 / 90
Part of NPP
17 / 470
Part of NPP
RT Roundtable
實政圓桌		7 May 2015 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)

Moderate conservatism

Michael Tien
1 / 90
3.02%
0 / 470
0.61%
PP Professional Power
專業動力		2010 Centrist
Pro-Beijing 		Conservatism (HK)

Centrism

Christine Fong
1 / 90
2.89%
1 / 470
2.01%
KWND Kowloon West New Dynamic
西九新動力		16 March 2008 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Economic liberalism 		Priscilla Leung
1 / 90
2.78%
6 / 470
No elected
NPHK New Prospect for Hong Kong
香港新方向		October 2019 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)
Gang Piao Interests 		Marco Liu
1 / 90
2.19%
1 / 470
1.79%
NCF New Century Forum
新世紀論壇		23 June 1999 Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)

Chinese nationalism

Ma Fung-kwok
1 / 90
Elected by ECC DNP
TS Third Side
新思維		3 January 2016 Centrist Liberalism (HK)
Centrism 		Tik Chi-yuen
1 / 90
0.31%DNP

Other parties and groups

Other parties and groups without any representation that have participated in the elections include:

Pro-Democracy camp

Pro-Beijing camp

Localist groups

Umbrella organisations

Others

Regional organisations, communal pressure groups and Kaifong associations

Electoral coalitions

Defunct

Former major parties

The following are political parties or groups that have won at least a seat in legislative or municipal elections and have been dissolved.

PartyFoundedDissolvedCampIdeologyNote
123 Democratic Alliance (一二三民主聯盟)20 March 19943 December 2000 Pro-Taiwan camp
Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group (《基本法》四十五條關注組)200319 March 2006Pro-democracyTransformed into Civic Party
Co-operative Resources Centre (啟聯資源中心)12 December 199131 March 1993ConservativesTransformed into Liberal Party
Citizens Party (民權黨)4 May 19979 May 2008Pro-democracy
Civic Party (公民黨)19 March 200627 May 2023Pro-democracy
Civic Passion (熱血公民)29 February 20123 September 2021Localists
Democratic Party (民主黨)2 October 1994Expected 2025Pro-democracy Liberalism (HK)
Demosistō (香港眾志)10 April 201630 June 2020Pro-democracyDissolved after national security law imposed
Economic Synergy (經濟動力)16 June 2009October 2012Pro-BeijingTransformed into Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong and effectively dissolved
Federation for the Stability of Hong Kong (穩定香港協會)16 May 19914 June 2010Pro-Beijing Conservatism (HK)Merged into Hong Kong Progressive Alliance
Hong Kong Affairs Society (太平山學會)February 1984April 1990Liberals Liberalism (HK)Merged into United Democrats of Hong Kong
Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (香港職工會聯盟)29 July 19903 October 2021Pro-democracy
Hong Kong People's Council on Housing Policy (香港房屋政策評議會)19789 June 2019Pro-democracyPressure group
Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (香港教育專業人員協會)197311 September 2021Pro-democracy Teacher's union
Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (香港協進聯盟)7 July 199416 February 2005Pro-BeijingMerged into Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong
League of Social Democrats (社會民主連線)1 October 200629 June 2025Pro-democracy
Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong (香港自由民主聯會)6 November 199026 May 1997ConservativesMerged into Hong Kong Progressive Alliance
Meeting Point (匯點)9 January 19832 October 1994LiberalsMerged into Democratic Party
Neo Democrats (新民主同盟)2 October 201026 June 2021Pro-democracy
New Hong Kong Alliance (新香港聯盟)1 May 19891999Conservatives
Progressive Hong Kong Society (香港勵進會)14 February 19856 November 1990Conservatives Conservatism (HK)Merged into Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong
Reform Club of Hong Kong (香港革新會)20 January 19491995 Liberalism (HK)Effectively dissolved
The Frontier (前綫)26 August 199623 November 2008Pro-democracyMerged into Democratic Party
United Ants (蟻聯)
United Democrats of Hong Kong (香港民主同盟)23 April 19902 October 1994Liberals Liberalism (HK)Merged into Democratic Party

Other dissolved parties

See also

References

  1. ↑ Kent Ewing (12 November 2020). "With Hong Kong's democrats gone, why not get rid of the rubber-stamp legislature altogether?". Hong Kong Free Press . Archived from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  2. ↑ "This week in politics_2：Election Rules Changed, Council Turned into Rubber Stamp". Citizen News . 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  3. ↑ "Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region - Members' biographies". www.legco.gov.hk. Retrieved 2025-07-21.
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