Related Research Articles
The economy of Hong Kong is a highly developed free-market economy. It is characterised by low taxation,almost free port trade and a well-established international financial market. Its currency,called the Hong Kong dollar,is legally issued by three major international commercial banks,and is pegged to the US dollar. Interest rates are determined by the individual banks in Hong Kong to ensure that they are market driven. There is no officially recognised central banking system,although the Hong Kong Monetary Authority functions as a financial regulatory authority.
Under the Basic Law,the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is exclusively in charge of its internal affairs,whilst the central government of China is responsible for its foreign affairs and defence. As a separate customs territory,Hong Kong maintains and develops relations with foreign states and regions,and plays an active role in such international organisations as World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in its own right under the name of Hong Kong,China. Hong Kong participates in 16 projects of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
"Mainland China",also referred to as "the Chinese mainland",is a geopolitical term defined as the territory under direct administration of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War. In addition to the geographical mainland,the geopolitical sense of the term includes islands such as Hainan,Chongming,and Zhoushan. By convention,territories outside of mainland China include:
"One country,two systems" is a constitutional principle of the People's Republic of China (PRC) describing the governance of the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
CEPA may refer to:
The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) is an executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China that is responsible for formulating policy on foreign trade,export and import regulations,foreign direct investments,consumer protection,market competition and negotiating bilateral and multilateral trade agreements. it is the 20th-ranking department of the State Council. The current minister is Wang Wentao.
The Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department is the customs service of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The agency was established to protect Hong Kong from smuggling,ensure the collection of duties on taxable goods,detect and prevent drug trafficking and abuse,safeguard intellectual property rights,protect consumer interests,facilitate legitimate business and uphold Hong Kong's trade reputation,regulate money service operators and dealers in precious metals and stones,and combat money laundering and terrorist financing.
Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement are economic and trade agreement between the separate customs territories within the People's Republic of China.
Under the Basic Law,Macau's diplomatic relations and defence are the responsibility of the central government of China. Except diplomatic relations and defence,nonetheless,Macau has retained considerable autonomy in all aspects,including economic and commercial relations,customs control.
The Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement,or Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) for short,is an economic agreement between the Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region and the Central People's Government on October 18,2003. A similar agreement,known as the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement,was signed between the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China,signed on June 29,2003.
New Zealand is party to 14 free trade agreements (FTAs) worldwide. Together they accounted for over 70% of New Zealand's trade in 2023.
The Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce was founded on 29 May 1861,and is the oldest and one of the largest business organizations in Hong Kong. It has around 4,000 corporate members,who combined employ around one-third of Hong Kong's workforce. It is a self-funding,not-for-profit organization that promotes and represents the interests of the Hong Kong business community. A core function of its work is to formulate recommendations on improving the business environment,which its 23 industry-specific committees constantly analyze and make regular submissions to HKSAR Government officials and policy makers.
The Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) is a free trade agreement (FTA) between the governments of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China,that aims to reduce tariffs and commercial barriers between the two sides,as well as improve cross-strait relations.
The Hong Kong and Macao Work Office,concurrently known as the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council (HMO),is an administrative office of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party responsible for promoting cooperation and coordination of political,economic,and cultural ties between mainland China and the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau. It was formed in 2023 on the basis of then State Council's HKMAO. Its head office is in Xicheng District,Beijing.
The Hong Kong –New Zealand Closer Economic Partnership Agreement is a bilateral free trade agreement signed between the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China and New Zealand in March 2010. It is the first bilateral free trade agreement on goods and services that Hong Kong SAR has signed with a foreign country. Hong Kong-New Zealand CEPA complements New Zealand's Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with China two years before,and enhances the potential for Hong Kong to be used as a platform for trade into the Mainland China. Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of China but has autonomy in matters of trade.
Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Industry Cooperation Zone is a commercial development in Shenzhen,Guangdong that is also known as Qianhai New District. Located in Nanshan District and encircled by the Shuangjie River,Yueliangwan Boulevard,Mawan Boulevard and Qianhai Bay,Qianhai covers an area of approximately 15 square kilometres (5.8 sq mi),comprising almost entirely reclaimed land. The project is expected to be completed by 2020.
The Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs is an internal policy coordination group of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),reporting to the CCP Politburo,in charge of supervising and coordinating Beijing's policies towards the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
The Trade and Industry Department of the Hong Kong Government is responsible for supporting traders and small businesses in the global market.
Hong Kong–mainland China relations refer to the relationship between Mainland China and Hong Kong. According to the 1997 Sino-British Joint Declaration,the United Kingdom handed control of Hong Kong over to the People's Republic of China,making it a special administrative region. In principle,Hong Kong became an autonomous administrative division based on the Hong Kong Basic Law.
The Armenia–EU Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement or CEPA is a partnership agreement between the European Union and Armenia. The agreement advances the bilateral relations between the European Union and Armenia to a new,partnership level and regulates cooperation in political and economic sectors,while enhancing trade relations. The agreement develops these areas further,providing a long-term basis for integrating and strengthening EU–Armenia relations. The agreement is also designed to bring Armenian laws and regulations gradually closer to the EU acquis.
References
- 1 2 "Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement". binarytrading.org. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- ↑ Chan, Fung (2020). "The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area: Enhancing collaborative governance of the CEPA implementation and regional integration". China: An International Journal. 18 (1): 171–191. doi:10.1353/chn.2020.0011.
- ↑ "Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA)". tld.gov.hk. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- ↑ "Trade and Industry Department: CEPA".
- ↑ "MAINLAND AND HONG KONG CLOSER ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP ARRANGEMENT". tld.gov.hk. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
