Expo 2010

Last updated

2010 Shanghai
Shanghai World Expo.svg
Expo 2010 logo
Overview
BIE-classUniversal exposition
CategoryInternational Registered Exhibition
NameExpo 2010
MottoBetter City – Better Life (城市，让生活更美好)
Area523 hectares (1,290 acres)
Visitors73,085,000
Participant(s)
Countries192
Location
CountryChina
City Shanghai
Coordinates 31°11′39″N121°29′11″E / 31.194118°N 121.486387°E / 31.194118; 121.486387
Timeline
Awarded3 December 2002 (2002-12-03)
Opening1 May 2010 (2010-05-01)
Closure31 October 2010 (2010-10-31)
Universal expositions
Previous Expo 2005 in Aichi
Next Expo 2015 in Milan
Specialized expositions
Previous Expo 2008 in Zaragoza
Next Expo 2012 in Yeosu
Horticultural expositions
Previous Expo 2006 in Chiang Mai
Next Expo 2012 in Venlo
Internet
Website Expo 2010 Shanghai China at the Wayback Machine (Archived on 2012-12-18)

Shanghai has been one of the main cities envisioned to host the expos for some time. Many scholars have written about the possibility and made suggestions in books. Unofficial participation in fairs outside China have happened since 1851. In 1910, the Qing dynasty decided to host China's first fair with the Nanyang industrial exposition. [6]

Selection process

Shanghai scored the highest in each of the four rounds of voting at the 132nd Meeting of the Bureau of International Expositions in Prince's Palace of Monaco, Monte Carlo, Monaco, with Yeosu, South Korea maintaining second place. Yeosu later won the bid to host Expo 2012, a three-month specialized world expo.

China 2010 Shanghai World Expo
Simplified Chinese 中国2010年上海世界博览会
Traditional Chinese 中國2010年上海世界博覽會
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin Zhōngguó 2010 Nián Shànghǎi Shìjìe Bólǎnhuì
Wu
Romanization Tson平koh入 2010-Nyie平 Zaon去he上 Sy去ka去 Poh入lae上we去
Hakka
Romanization Chûng-koet 2010-ngièn Sông-hói Sṳ-kie Pok-lám-fi
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping Zung1gwok3 2010-Nin4 Soeng6hoi2 Sai3gaai3 Bok3laam5wui6*2
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ Tiong-kok 2010-Nî Siōng-hái Sè-kài Phok-lám-hoē
132nd Meeting of the Bureau of International Expositions [7]
3 December 2002, in Prince's Palace of Monaco, Monte Carlo, Monaco
CityNationRound 1Round 2Round 3Round 4
ShanghaiFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 36384454
Yeosu Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 28343234
Moscow Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 121012-
Querétaro Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 66--
Wrocław Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 6---

Organization

Better City, Better Life, the theme of Expo 2010. Shanghai (Huang Pu River at Night) 046.jpg
Better City, Better Life, the theme of Expo 2010.

In 2004, the Chinese central government established the Shanghai World Expo Organising Committee as the organization dedicated to host the event. The Organising Committee set up an executive committee which is responsible for the execution and management of expo affairs. Besides, the Shanghai World Expo Coordination is founded for the daily affairs of the executive committee. [8]

The site of the event was the Nanpu Bridge–Lupu Bridge region in the center of Shanghai along both sides of the Huangpu River. The area of the Expo 2010 covers 5.28 km2. [3]

After winning the bid to host the Expo in 2002, Shanghai began a monumental task to reshape the city. More than $48 billion [9] was spent for the preparation, more than the cost of cleaning up Beijing in the preparations for the Olympics in 2008. Shanghai began clearing 2.6 square kilometres along the Huangpu River; that involved moving 18,000 families and 270 factories, including the Jiang Nan Shipyard, which employs 10,000 workers.

Six new subway lines were opened between 2008 and 2010; four thousand brand new taxis were added in the month before Expo 2010 opened and the city's buildings along the river were decorated with more energy-efficient LEDs.[ citation needed ]

During the expo, the expo site was crowded with national pavilions, sculpture gardens, shops, a sports arena and clam-shaped performing arts centre.[ citation needed ]

Shanghai trained more than 1.7 million volunteers and adopted Olympic-level security measures, adding metal detectors to subway entrances and screening cars entering the city.[ citation needed ]

The Shanghai Expo also featured an online version of the expo grounds featuring 3D renderings of the expo grounds, and a 3D version of the pavilion interior and offerings.[ citation needed ]

Participation

The Shanghai World Expo provided an unparalleled opportunity for the tourism industry. During 2010's Spring Festival, Shanghai received 2.79 million tourists, an increase of 12 percent from the previous year, resulting in record high numbers of visitors. Overall Shanghai's tourism revenue achieved an increase of 13 percent year on year during Spring Festival, resulting in RMB 2.1 billion in total revenue. [10]

Flags of participating countries waving in front of the China pavilion. Expo 2010 Shanghai flags and China Pavilion.jpg
Flags of participating countries waving in front of the China pavilion.

192 countries and 50 organizations registered to participate in the Shanghai World Expo, a record number for that time.[ citation needed ]

Attendance

Over 73 million people visited Expo 2010 during the 184-day event, breaking the previous record of 64 million visitors set by Expo 70 in Osaka. Organizers had expected 70 million visitors at the start of the expo. About 5.8 percent of the visitors, or 4.25 million, were foreigners. [11]

Finances

Shanghai spent 11.964 billion yuan in operating cost to host the event, making it the most expensive World Expo ever, but the organizers still made an operating profit of more than 1 billion yuan (US$157 million) thanks to the record attendance. The total revenue was 13.014 billion yuan, including 7.36 billion yuan in admission fees and almost 4 billion yuan in sponsorship income. However, the city invested another 19.74 billion yuan to prepare and construct the 5.28 square kilometer site, exceeding the budget of 18 billion yuan. [11]

Opening ceremony

Opening ceremony fireworks finale, viewed from below Nanpu Bridge
Fireworks at the Expo site Shanghai Expo opening-night fireworks.jpg
Fireworks at the Expo site

The opening ceremony was held in the evening of 30 April 2010 attended by dozens of world leaders. [12] The ceremony consisted of an indoor and outdoor component. Jackie Chan, Lang Lang, and Andrea Bocelli were among the performers in the indoor component. The event featured an outdoor display of fireworks, lasers, and dancing fountains after a performance by singers and dancers. [13] [14] The outdoor ceremony was produced by David Atkins Enterprises. 6,000 LED balls were floated into the Huangpu River representing fish. Organisers called the outdoor show "the largest searchlight display in history, the largest collection of multi-coloured laser firepower ever assembled in one place, the world's largest LED screen, one of the largest dancing water fountains ever, and the "largest light show ever attempted"." [15] President Hu Jintao inaugurated the opening of the Shanghai World Expo.

Closing ceremony

The closing ceremony was held on 31 October 2010, with numerous world leaders in attendance including Wen Jiabao, Prime Minister of China, Sri Lanka's President Mahinda Rajapaksa, Viktor Orbán, Prime Minister of Hungary, Mari Kiviniemi, Prime Minister of Finland, Hubert Ingraham, Prime Minister of Bahamas, Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho, Ram Baran Yadav, President of Nepal and Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations. [16]

Expo music

Performances

About 20,000 performances were set to be staged between 1 May and 31 October in 2010, many singers present at the expo song writing and preparation process since 2008. Performers included Alan Tam, Gigi Leung, Stephanie Cheng, Khalil Fong, Hacken Lee, Denise Ho, Hins Cheung, Vincy Chan, Philadelphia Boys Choir, National Boys Choir of Australia, Salut Salon, the Cross Border Orchestra of Ireland and the Harvard Din & Tonics, and others. [17]

Theme songs

Mascot

Haibao was the mascot of the Shanghai Expo 2010. It means treasure of the sea and was based on the Chinese character for man or person, "人". Some said that Haibao resembles Gumby, [21] but the expo's secretariat said that it was an original design chosen through a competition and that they had never heard of Gumby. [22]

Expo Axis

Expo Axis at night Expo Axis nighttime.jpg
Expo Axis at night
Expo Axis ExpoShanghai 2010.jpg
Expo Axis

The main building – called "Expo Axis" – has the world's largest membrane construction [23] and was built by SBA (architects) and Knippers Helbig (structural engineers). The building consists of some steel-glass funnels with a 1,000 m long membrane construction. The main construction was completed at the end of 2009. [24]

Pavilions

Theme pavilions

There were five central theme pavilions at the Expo 2010, exploring different aspects of urban development. They were called Urban Footprints, Urban Planet, Urbanian, City Being, and Urban Future. [25]

National pavilions

Shanghai Expo 2010.jpg
Shanghai Expo 2010 3.jpg

National pavilions included: Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Cambodia, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, Macedonia, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, North Korea, Norway, Oman, Pacific Pavilion, Pakistan, Palestine, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam and Yemen.

Corporate pavilions

Corporate pavilions included: Aurora Pavilion, Broad Pavilion, China Railway, China State Shipbuilding Corporation Pavilion, Coca-Cola Pavilion, Cisco Pavilion, Information and Communication Pavilion, Oil Pavilion, Japanese Industry, PICC, Private Enterprises Joint Pavilion, Republic of Korea Business, SAIC-GM Pavilion, Shanghai Corporate Joint Pavilion, Space Pavilion, Space Home Pavilion, State Grid and Vanke Pavilion. [26]

International organizations

The Expo also included a pavilion for the Red Cross and Red Crescent and several others.

Urban Best Practice Area pavilions

The Urban Best Practice Area allowed cities and regions an opportunity to share experiences of improving urban living. [27] San Francisco (a Shanghai sister city) was one participant here, [27] as were Dafeng Town in Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Liverpool, London, Montreal, Rotterdam and Seoul. [28]

The Expo also included Chinese displays about Hong Kong and Ningbo.[ citation needed ]

Legacy

The Expo introduced numerous urban best practices and concepts from all over the world which the organisers hope will be a lasting legacy for better urban life in China and around the world. It advocated for future development to focus on environmental sustainability, efficiency and diversity. The innovations and achievements of the event were summarised in the Shanghai Declaration issued by the participants of the Expo. The declaration also nominated the Shanghai Expo's closing day 31 October as "World Better Cities Day". United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon stated at the closing of the Expo, "Thanks to this Expo, millions of people learned about possibilities for making our cities healthier and safer, cities that better integrate nature and technology, cities that offer their citizens cleaner air and water, and better lives all around". [29]

Within Shanghai, the grounds of the former Expo site now constitute the Expo Park, including the former China Pavilion. The Bureau of International Expositions (BIE) and the Shanghai government have announced plans to construct the world's only official World Expo Museum in Shanghai, on the Puxi side of the expo site. Construction began in 2012, and the museum opened its doors on 1 May 2017. [30] More than 200 participants from Expo 2010 have donated over 30,000 exhibits to the future museum. The BIE has added into its formal requirements that all future Expo bidders shall support the new Expo Museum. [31]

The Shanghai Expo was touted by the Chinese government as yet another first-rate global scale event, similar in significance to the Beijing Olympics, which would symbolise the economic and political rise of China in the 21st century. The event would demonstrate to both the Chinese populace and foreign nations the enormous progress of China's urban development in the heart of the nation's economic hub of Shanghai. The event received extensive media coverage in the Chinese media both in the lead up and during the World Expo. According to China analyst Tom Doctoroff, "In terms of what the city was able to achieve, the Chinese were impressed. Shanghai stepped up a level in internationalization". [32] Outside China, the Expo propelled Shanghai onto magazine covers, newspaper front pages and television programmes at a time when it is laying the groundwork to become an international financial centre by 2020. [33]

Controversies

A group of NGOs protested a month before the expo against the alleged displacement of 18,000 families in the Shanghai area in connection with the Expo. [34] Dissident Feng Zhenghu was detained in mid April 2010 for threatening to publicly seek redress for them in the courts. [35] According to the U.S. government-run Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Shanghai authorities used the expo as an excuse to conduct a surveillance, propaganda, and detention campaign against members of the banned Falun Gong spiritual group. [36]

Denmark controversially sent the original Little Mermaid statue from Copenhagen to the expo, putting a video replica recorded by dissident Ai Weiwei in its place. [37] Some observers criticized the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office's payment for the 9 Hong Kong undersecretaries to inspect infrastructure projects and hold discussions on city-to-city cooperation. [38] Six legislators from the pro-democracy camp boycotted an invitation to the expo by the Shanghai government because of the issue of political reform and the 2010 Hong Kong by-election. [39] The Chinese government postponed the planned visit of 1,000 Japanese youths to the expo in September because of the 2010 Senkaku boat collision incident, which Japanese prime minister Naoto Kan called regrettable. [40]

State employees were given free one-day vouchers to the expo, and according to one worker, threatened with wage cuts, in order to fulfill the target of 70 million visitors. [41] Long lines at the Germany pavilion caused visitors to shout "Nazi, Nazi" and attack workers, according to general commissioner for Germany's pavilion Dietmar Schmitz. [42] [43] Free tickets to an expo show featuring K-pop group Super Junior caused a stampede that injured 100 people, which spokespersons for the expo and the Korean pavilion allegedly denied. [44]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">World's fair</span> Large international exhibition

A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large global exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specific site for a period of time, typically between three and six months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 67</span> Worlds fair held in Montreal, Quebec

The 1967 International and Universal Exposition, commonly known as Expo 67, was a general exhibition from April 28 to October 29, 1967. It was a category one world's fair held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is considered to be one of the most successful World's Fairs of the 20th century with the most attendees to that date and 62 nations participating. It also set the single-day attendance record for a world's fair, with 569,500 visitors on its third day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bureau International des Expositions</span> Organization to supervise international exhibitions

The Bureau international des expositions is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions.

Taejon Expo '93 was a three-month international exposition held between August 7, 1993 and November 7, 1993 in the central South Korean city of Daejeon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 2005</span> World expo held in Aichi Prefecture, Japan

Expo 2005 was a world expo held for 185 days between Friday, March 25 and Sunday, September 25, 2005, in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, east of the city of Nagoya. Japan has also hosted Expo '70 Osaka, Expo '75 Okinawa, Expo '85 Tsukuba, and Expo '90 Osaka and will host Expo 2025 Osaka . The site of the expo would become the Expo 2005 Aichi Commemorative Park after it ended and is now the home of Ghibli Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo '70</span> Worlds fair held in Osaka Prefecture, Japan

The Japan World Exposition, Osaka, 1970 or Expo '70 was a world's fair held in Suita, Osaka Prefecture, Japan between March 15 and September 13, 1970. Its theme was "Progress and Harmony for Mankind." In Japanese, Expo '70 is often referred to as Ōsaka Banpaku (大阪万博). It was the first world's fair held in Japan and in Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo '98</span> 1998 Worlds Fair in Lisbon, Portugal

Expo '98 was an official specialised World's Fair held in Lisbon, Portugal from Friday, 22 May to Wednesday, 30 September 1998. The theme of the fair was "The Oceans, a Heritage for the Future", chosen in part to commemorate 500 years of Portuguese discoveries. The Expo received over 10 million visitors in 132 days, while 143 countries and many organizations were represented.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 2008</span> International exposition in Zaragoza, Spain

Expo 2008 was an international exposition held from Saturday 14 June to Sunday 14 September 2008 in Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain with the theme of "Water and Sustainable Development". The exposition was placed in a meander of the river Ebro. It was coordinated by the Bureau International des Expositions, the organization responsible for sanctioning World's Fairs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lupu Bridge</span> Bridge in Shanghai, China

The Lupu Bridge, named after Luwan District, is a through arch bridge over the Huangpu River in Shanghai, China, connecting the city's Huangpu and Pudong districts. It is the world's third longest steel arch bridge, after the Ping'nan Third Bridge in Guangxi and the Chaotianmen Bridge in Chongqing. The bridge has a total length including approach spans of 3,900 m (12,795 ft) and opened on June 28, 2003. The main bridge structure is 750m long including the two side spans of 100m each, and the main span of 550 metres (1,804 ft) over the Huangpu River is 32 metres (105 ft) longer than the previous record holder for the longest arch bridge, the New River Gorge Bridge in Fayetteville, West Virginia. It cost 2.5 billion yuan, including US$78.04 for the main steel structure alone. It is located adjacent to the former Expo 2010 site and served as the centrepiece of the world exposition in Shanghai.

Expo 2015 was a World Expo hosted by Milan, Italy. It opened on May 1 at 10:00 CEST and closed on October 31. Milan hosted an exposition for the second time; the first was the 1906 Milan International.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 2012</span> International exposition in Yeosu, South Korea

Expo 2012 was an International Exposition recognized by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) held in Yeosu, South Korea which opened on May 12, 2012 and ran until August 12, 2012. The theme of the Expo was "The Living Ocean and Coast" with subthemes of "Preservation and Sustainable Development of the Ocean and Coast", "New Resources Technology", and "Creative Marine Activities". There were 105 participating countries, international organizations, and 8,203,956 visitors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1999 World Horticultural Exposition</span> International festival in Yunnan, China

The 1999 World Horticultural Exposition was an A1 category international horticultural exposition recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE). Organised under the auspices of the International Association of Horticultural Producers, the event was held in Kunming, Yunnan, China. The theme of the exposition was "Man and Nature, marching into the 21st century."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 86</span> Worlds Fair held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

The 1986 World Exposition on Transportation and Communication, or simply Expo 86, was a World's Fair held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from May 2 until October 13, 1986. The fair, the theme of which was "Transportation and Communication: World in Motion – World in Touch", coincided with Vancouver's centennial and was held on the north shore of False Creek.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Haibao</span>

Haibao, meaning "jewel of the sea", is the mascot of Expo 2010, which was held in the city of Shanghai, China from May 1 to October 31, 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 2017</span> International exposition in Kazakhstan

Expo 2017 Astana was an International Exposition which took place from June 10 to September 10, 2017 in Astana, Kazakhstan. The expo's theme was "Future Energy", and aimed to create a global debate between countries, nongovernmental organizations, companies and the general public on the crucial question: "How do we ensure safe and sustainable access to energy for all while reducing CO2 emissions?"

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo Axis</span> Membrane roof in Shanghai, China

The Expo Axis is one of the world's largest membrane roofs. It spanned the entrance and boulevard building of the World Exposition 2010 in Shanghai.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UK pavilion at Expo 2010</span>

The UK pavilion at Expo 2010, colloquially known as the Seed Cathedral, was a sculpture structure built for the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai by a nine-member conglomerate of British business and government resources directed by designer Thomas Heatherwick. Referencing the race to save plant seeds from round the world in banks, it housed 250,000 seeds at the ends of 60,000 acrylic fibre-optic filaments which projected both outside and inside the building.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expo 2010 pavilions</span>

This article contains the details of the pavilions at Expo 2010. The 2010 World Expo Shanghai is the largest Expo site ever, covering more than 5.2 square kilometers and containing more than 70 exposition pavilions. More than 190 countries and 50 international organizations registered to participate in the 2010 Shanghai Expo. After the six-month run, the Expo had attracted well over 70 million visitors. The Expo 2010 is also the most expensive fair in the history of the World's Fair, with more than 45 billion US dollars invested by the Chinese Government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 Shanghai Expo opening ceremony</span>

The 2010 Shanghai Expo opening ceremony occurred on April 30, 2010 at the Shanghai World Expo Cultural Center in Shanghai, People's Republic of China, a day before the opening of the Expo 2010.The opening ceremony was planned and designed by ECA2's founder, Yves Pepin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shanghai Expo Mart</span> Building in China, China

The Shanghai Expo Mart, formerly the Africa Joint Pavilion, is an exhibition hall near the Huangpu River in Shanghai, China. The hall was originally constructed for Expo 2010 and consists of 21,000 square metres (230,000 sq ft) of indoor area and 3,600 square metres (39,000 sq ft) of outdoor space. The hall underwent renovation after the expo, with renovations finishing in November 2011.

References

  1. ↑ List of World Expos
  2. ↑ "China Rules the World at Expo 2010". The Atlantic . 29 April 2010. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  3. 1 2 "Shanghai World Expo showcases China's soft power". Associated Press.
  4. ↑ "Shanghai World Expo wins worldwide applause". Xinhua. 31 October 2010. Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
  5. ↑ Fauna, 19 October 2010, Shanghai World Expo Sees 1+ Million Visitors In A Single Day Archived 25 October 2010 at the Wayback Machine , Chinasmack
  6. ↑ HK.huaxia.com. "HK.huaxia.com Archived 12 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine ." 南洋勸業會：南京一個世紀前的世博會. Retrieved on 8 May 2010.
  7. ↑ English.peopledaily.com.cn. "English.peopledaily.com.cn Archived 24 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine ." Shanghai Wins World Expo 2010 Bid. Retrieved on 8 May 2010.
  8. ↑ "Institutions and Organisations". the Official EXPO website. Archived from the original on 18 March 2013.
  9. ↑ "You've come a long way, baby: Shanghai finds its big feat". The Sydney Morning Herald. 1 May 2010. Archived from the original on 2 May 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  10. ↑ Knight Frank China Archived 2 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine Knight Frank Research, Shanghai Retail Quarterly Report, Q1 2010
  11. 1 2 "City's record-breaking Expo turns in a profit". Eastday. 1 October 2011. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011.
  12. ↑ Higgins, Andrew (1 May 2010). "Chinese officials open Shanghai Expo". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  13. ↑ "World Expo Aims To Woo Chinese Customers". Sky News.
  14. ↑ "Shanghai marks comeback with Expo extravaganza". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2 May 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
  15. ↑ / China / Economy & Trade – Shanghai adds pyrotechnic power to Expo Archived 2 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Ft.com (28 July 2010). Retrieved on 30 September 2010.
  16. ↑ Onlanka News – President Rajapaksa participates EXPO 2010 Closing Ceremony " Archived 3 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Onlanka.com (31 October 2010). Retrieved on 19 January 2011.
  17. ↑ En.expo2010.cn. "En.expo2010.cn Archived 9 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine ." Hong Kong musicians invited to write Expo tunes. Retrieved on 17 May 2010.
  18. ↑ "Expo song released for 30-day countdown". Xinhua News Agency. 1 April 2010. Archived from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
  19. ↑ mainichi (19 April 2010), 岡本真夜：上海万博PR曲に盗作された疑いの「そのままの君でいて」が正式決定 Archived 21 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved 20 April 2010.
  20. ↑ "Secret Garden – New Album and Norwegian Winter Concert". SecretGarden.no. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  21. ↑ "上海万博：また盗作騒ぎ マスコット「ガンビーに似てる」". The Mainichi Daily News. 24 April 2010. Archived from the original on 26 April 2010. Retrieved 24 April 2010.(Japanese)
  22. ↑ "上海万博：マスコットのコピー横行 「そもそも米キャラの盗作」". The Mainichi Daily News. 24 April 2010. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2010. (Japanese)
  23. ↑ Shanghai 2010 Boulevard / SBA international + Knippers Helbig Archived 3 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine . ArchDaily. Retrieved on 30 September 2010.
  24. ↑ Shanghai Daily; 31 December 2009
  25. ↑ Theme Pavilions_the official Website of Expo 2010 Shanghai China Archived 19 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ↑ Pavilions Archived 25 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine .
  27. 1 2 "Travel Business News - Asia / Pacific. - Free Online Library" . Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  28. ↑ "Urban Best Practices Area: A must visit before the Expo ends – Shanghaiist" . Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  29. ↑ Zhang Fengmin (1 November 2010). "Expo legacy will live on". Archived from the original on 1 January 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
  30. ↑ "World Expo Museum opens its doors". Bureau International des Expositions. Archived from the original on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  31. ↑ "City gets official Expo museum". Shanghai Daily. 25 September 2011.
  32. ↑ "Expo 2010's Legacy: What Did Shanghai Gain?". 24 November 2010. Archived from the original on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
  33. ↑ "China says goodbye to World Expo". The Independent. 29 October 2010. Archived from the original on 24 January 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
  34. ↑ United Nations Watch, Joint NGO Appeal for 18,000 victims of forced evictions by 2010 Shanghai World Expo Archived 9 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine , 22 July 2010.
  35. ↑ Atimes.com. "Atimes.com Archived 28 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine ." Shanghai Expo - a message for all. Retrieved on 2010-01-23.
  36. ↑ Congressional Executive Commission on China, Annual Report Archived 5 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine , 2010.
  37. ↑ Cbsnews.com. "Cbsnews.com Archived 3 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine ." Little mermaid taking trip to China. Retrieved on 2010-01-23.
  38. ↑ South China morning post. 4 September 2010. Political assistant's trip to mainland stirs scorn.
  39. ↑ South China Morning Post. 13 April 2010.
  40. ↑ South China morning post. 21 September 2010. China pulls plug on Japanese youth tour.
  41. ↑ Barboza, David (2 November 2010). "Shanghai Expo Sets Record With 73 Million Visitors". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  42. ↑ Deutschenachrichten.com. "Deutschenachrichten.com Archived 9 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine ." Chinese brawl, hurl Nazi insults at Germany's expo pavilion. Retrieved on 2010-01-23.
  43. ↑ Chinese.rfi.fr. "Chinese.rfi.fr Archived 8 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine ." 世博德国馆遭游客辱骂扬言要闭馆 . Retrieved on 2010-01-23.
  44. ↑ The Standard HK. "The Standard.com Archived 29 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine ." Korean crush sparks ticket rethink at expo. Retrieved on 2010-01-23.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.