The State Council Information Office (SCIO) is the chief information office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China and an external name of the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party.
Law enforcement in the People's Republic of China consists of an extensive public security system and a variety of enforcement procedures. Along with the courts and procuratorates,the country's judicial and public security agencies include the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) and the Ministry of State Security (MSS),with their descending hierarchy of departments,bureaus,subbureaus,and stations.
The Ministry of Public Security is a government ministry of the People's Republic of China responsible for public and political security. It oversees more than 1.9 million of the country's law enforcement officers and as such the vast majority of the People's Police. While the MPS is a nationwide police force,conducting counterintelligence and maintaining the political security of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) remain its core functions.
The Canada China Business Council,or CCBC,is a private,non-profit business association founded in 1978 to facilitate and promote business,trade,and investment between Canada and the People's Republic of China. CCBC has offices in Toronto,Vancouver,Montreal,Calgary,Halifax,Beijing,and Shanghai. CCBC is the de facto Canadian chamber of commerce in Beijing. It also has business incubators in Beijing,Shanghai,Montreal,and Calgary to help Canadian companies grow in China and Chinese investors succeed in Canada.
The United Front Work Department is a department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) tasked with "united front work". It gathers intelligence on,manages relations with,and attempts to gain influence over elite individuals and organizations inside and outside mainland China,including in Hong Kong,Taiwan,and in other countries.
The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) is an executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China that is responsible for formulating policy on foreign trade,export and import regulations,foreign direct investments,consumer protection,market competition and negotiating bilateral and multilateral trade agreements. it is the 20th-ranking department of the State Council. The current minister is Wang Wentao.
The Buddhist Association of China is the official government supervisory organ of Buddhism in the People's Republic of China. The association has been overseen by the United Front Work Department (UFWD) of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since the State Administration for Religious Affairs' absorption into the UFWD in 2018. The association's headquarters are located in Guangji Temple in Beijing.
A government-organized non-governmental organization (GONGO) is a non-governmental organization that was set up or sponsored by a government in order to further its political interests and mimic the civic groups and civil society at home,or promote its international or geopolitical interests abroad.
The united front is a political strategy of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) involving networks of groups and key individuals that are influenced or controlled by the CCP and used to advance its interests. It has historically been a popular front that has included eight legally permitted political parties and people's organizations which have nominal representation in the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Under CCP general secretary Xi Jinping,the united front and its targets of influence have expanded in size and scope.
China Investment Promotion Agency is the investment promotion agency of the People's Republic of China. It is in charge of inviting in and going global. Two-way investment promotion works in line with China's economic strategies and is engaged in cooperation with international economic organizations,foreign investment promotion agencies,chambers of commerce and business associations on behalf of the Ministry of Commerce. CIPA is part of the Ministry of Commerce of the PRC.
The united front in Taiwan is an aspect of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Government of China's larger united front strategy,applied to Taiwan,to achieve unification. It relies on the presence of pro-Beijing sympathizers in Taiwan combined with a carrot-and-stick approach of threatening war with Taiwan while offering opportunities for business and cultural exchanges. According to officials of Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council,the CCP has long relied on organized crime as part of its united front tactics in Taiwan. Critics who are negative of Chinese unification have linked the term "united front" to Chinese imperialism and expansionism.
The Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC) is one of the major foreign affairs organizations of the People's Republic of China. The organization is officially termed a "people's organization" and manages China's sister city relationships. Its stated aim is to promote friendship and mutual understanding between the Chinese people and foreign nations but observers have pointed out that it functions as a front organization in the united front system used to influence and co-opt elites to promote the interests of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) while downplaying its association with the CCP.
The China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification (CCPPNR) is an umbrella organization,founded in 1988,by the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to promote unification between mainland China and Taiwan on terms defined solely by the People's Republic of China (PRC). Unification is couched in a one country,two systems framework,though critics categorize it as annexation. According to scholar Anne-Marie Brady,in addition to promoting unification,"the organization also engages in a range of activities which support Chinese foreign policy goals,including block-voting and fund-raising for ethnic Chinese political candidates who agree to support their organization's agenda." The main council oversees over 200 chapters in multiple countries.
The International Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party,also known as the International Liaison Department (ILD),is an agency under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in charge of establishing and maintaining relations with foreign political parties and other foreign organizations.
Political security is one of five sectors of analysis under the framework of the Copenhagen School of security studies.
China General Chamber of Commerce - USA is a U.S.-based chamber of commerce focused on the U.S. and Chinese business communities. It was founded in 2005 and regularly engages with political and business leaders in the U.S. and the People's Republic of China (PRC).
Anne-Marie Sharon Brady is a New Zealand academic and Professor of Political Science at the University of Canterbury. She specialises in Chinese domestic and foreign politics,Antarctic and Arctic politics,Pacific politics,and New Zealand Foreign Policy.
The 12th Bureau of the Ministry of State Security,known publicly as the China International Culture Exchange Center under an arrangement called "one institution with two names",is a set of research institutes operated by the Chinese Ministry of State Security (MSS),the principal civilian intelligence agency of the People's Republic of China as a front organization. CICEC was founded in 1984 and is active in operations to influence foreign think tanks,academics,and other high-profile foreigners. In addition to the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations,CICEC is considered one of the main front organizations utilized for foreign influence operations by the MSS.
"One institution with two names" is a bureaucratic arrangement in the Chinese government wherein a government agency exists in name only,and its functions are in practice performed by another agency or a Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organization,so that in effect one institution has two or more governmental brands to use selectively for political,historical,or bureaucratic reasons. This type of arrangement was historically common until the mid-1980s,but has been extensively revived by reforms which began in 2017.
