中国气象局 Zhōngguó Qìxiàng Jú | |
Headquarters of CMA | |
Agency overview | |
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Formed | December 8, 1949 |
Superseding agency |
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Jurisdiction | Mainland China |
Headquarters | Beijing |
Minister responsible |
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Parent agency | State Council |
Website | www.cma.gov.cn |
China Meteorological Administration | |||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 中国气象局 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中國氣象局 | ||||||
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The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) is the national weather service of the People's Republic of China. The institution is located in Beijing. [1]
The agency was originally established in December 1949 as the Central Military Commission Meteorological Bureau. It replaced the Central Weather Bureau formed in 1941. In 1994,the CMA was transformed from a subordinate governmental body into one of the public service agencies under the State Council. [2]
Meteorological bureaus are established in 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities,excluding meteorological services at Hong Kong,Macau and Taiwan. 14 meteorological bureaus at sub-provincial cities including 4 cities which have been specifically designated in the state development plan),318 meteorological bureaus at prefecture level and 2,300 bureaus (stations) at county level. [2] [3]
The Special Administrative Regions operate their own meteorological units outside of CMA:
Shangzhi is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Harbin,the capital of Heilongjiang province,People's Republic of China. It is 127 kilometres (79 mi) away from central Harbin and has an area of approximately 9,000 km2 (3,500 sq mi). The city proper has a population of around 120,000,while the total administrative population is approximately 600,000 inhabitants. The most spacious county-level division of Harbin City,it borders Yanshou County to the north,Wuchang to the southwest,Acheng District to the northwest,and Bin County to the northwest,as well as the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang to the southeast.
Tropical cyclone warnings and watches are alerts issued by national weather forecasting bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a tropical cyclone of tropical storm or hurricane intensity. They are notices to the local population and civil authorities to make appropriate preparation for the cyclone,including evacuation of vulnerable areas where necessary. It is important that interests throughout the area of an alert make preparations to protect life and property,and do not disregard it on the strength of the detailed forecast track.
Shaoguan is a prefecture-level city in northern Guangdong Province (Yuebei),South China,bordering Hunan to the northwest and Jiangxi to the northeast. It is home to the mummified remains of the sixth Zen Buddhist patriarch Huineng. Its built-up area made up of Zhenjiang,Wujiang and Qujiang urban conurbated districts was home to 1,028,460 inhabitants as of the 2020 census.
Qinzhou is a prefecture-level city in south-central Guangxi,southern China,lying on the Gulf of Tonkin and having a total population of 3,302,238 as of the 2020 census whom 1,400,134 lived in the built-up area made of Qinbei and Qinnan urban Districts.
The Central Weather Bureau is the government meteorological research and forecasting institution of the Republic of China (Taiwan). In addition to meteorology,the Central Weather Bureau also makes astronomical observations,reports on sea conditions,and conducts research into seismology and provides earthquake reports. The Central Weather Bureau is headquartered in Taipei City and is administered under the Ministry of Transportation and Communications.
Qitai County as the official romanized name,also transliterated from Uyghur as Guqung County or Gucheng County,is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China under the administration of the Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture. It covers an area of 16,641 square kilometres (6,425 sq mi) and as of the 2002 census had a population of 230,000.
Keshan is a county in western Heilongjiang province,China,about 100 km (62 mi) northeast of Qiqihar,which administers it. It is named from a city-shaped extinct volcano,which has a name of Erkeshan in its territory. Its total area is 3,632 square kilometres (1,402 sq mi),with a population of 460,000. Post Code:161610. The seat of Keshan County is located in Keshan Town.
Owing to tremendous differences in latitude,longitude,and altitude,the climate of China is extremely diverse. It ranges from tropical in the far south to subarctic in the far north,and alpine in the higher elevations of the Tibetan Plateau. Monsoon winds,caused by differences in the heat-absorbing capacity of the continent and the ocean,dominate the climate. During the summer,the East Asian Monsoon carries warm and moist air from the south and delivers the vast majority of the annual precipitation in much of the country. Conversely,the Siberian anticyclone dominates during winter,bringing cold and comparatively dry conditions. The advance and retreat of the monsoons account in large degree for the timing of the rainy season throughout the country. Although most of the country lies in the temperate belt,its climatic patterns are complex.
Mohe is a county-level city in Daxing'anling Prefecture,Heilongjiang province. It is the northernmost city in China.
Pingbian Miao Autonomous County is a county located in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the southeast of Yunnan province,People's Republic of China. Its seat is located only 21 kilometres (13 mi) from the border with Lào Cai Province,Vietnam.
Nenjiang City,formerly Nenjiang County,is a county-level city under the administration of Heihe prefecture-level city in northwestern Heilongjiang province,China. It is located on the river of the same name,which also forms part of the provincial border with Inner Mongolia,more than 200 kilometres (120 mi) southwest of the urban area of Heihe. The city seat is Nenjiang Town. Land area 15,360 square kilometres (5,930 sq mi),population 500,000.
Sunwu County is a county under the administration of Heihe City in the north of Heilongjiang province,China,situated on the bank of Amur River,which demarcates the Sino-Russian border. The length of border line within Sunwu county is 36 km (22 mi).
Tropical Storm Soudelor,known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Gorio,was a weak tropical cyclone that produced deadly flooding in the Philippines,China and Vietnam in July 2009. Forming out of an area of low pressure on July 9,Soudelor failed to maintain deep convection around its center for the duration of its existence. On July 10,the depression brushed the northern Philippines and intensified into a tropical storm on July 11. Later that day,the storm crossed the Leizhou Peninsula. The last public advisory from the JMA was issued the following day after Soudelor made landfall in southern China.
The Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau is a department of the Macao Government. It provides weather forecasts and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also provides geophysical-related services to meet the needs of the public and the shipping,aviation,industrial and engineering sectors.
Gangca County is a county of northeastern Qinghai province,China,on the northern shore of Qinghai Lake. It is under the administration of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.
Darhan Muminggan United Banner is a banner of west-central Inner Mongolia,People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Baotou City,125 kilometres (78 mi) to the south-southwest.
Huang Shisong was a Chinese meteorologist.
China Weather TV is a TV channel that was established by China Meteorological Administration in May 2006. The channel provides meteorological information and other related life service information. It is also the first meteorological TV channel in China. In January 2013,the channel won an award naming it "The most valuable TV media for public welfare spreading".
National Immigration Administration,also known as the Exit and Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国出入境管理局) for regional border control between Mainland China and Hong Kong,Macau,or Taiwan Area,is a sub-ministry level executive agency administrated by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). The administration is responsible for coordinating and formulating immigration policies and their implementation,border control,administering foreigners’stay,management on refugees and nationality,taking the lead in coordinating the administering of foreigners who illegally enter,stay or are employed in China,and the repatriation of illegal immigrants.
The Qingdao Observatory is located on the summit of Guanxiang Mountain in the Shinan District of Qingdao,China. The existing building complex was originally built in 1905. Qingdao Observatory was once an important scientific research institute in Qingdao,and also played an important role in the development of modern meteorology and marine science in China. Together with Shanghai Xujiahui Observatory and Hong Kong Observatory,they once were known as the "Three Observatory in the Far East". Qingdao Observatory has been listed as "Meteorology Observation Dome" amongst the "Top Ten Scenic Spots in Qingdao". Its building complex now belongs to the North Sea Fleet of the PLA Navy and the Zijinshan Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is part of the Qingdao German Building Complex,a national key cultural relics conservation site.