2003 Dayao earthquake

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2003 Dayao earthquake
China Yunnan rel location map.svg
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China edcp relief location map.jpg
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UTC  time2003-07-21 15:16:33
ISC  event 7003234
USGS-ANSS ComCat
Local dateJuly 21, 2003 (2003-07-21)
Local time23:16 CST [1]
Magnitude5.9 Mw [1]
6.1 Ms
Depth9.2 km (5.7 mi) [1]
Epicenter 25°58′N101°15′E / 25.96°N 101.25°E / 25.96; 101.25 [1]
Type Strike-slip [2]
Areas affected China
Max. intensity MMI VII (Very strong)
Casualties19 dead, 644 injured

The 2003 Dayao earthquake occurred on July 21, at 23:16:33 CST. The epicenter of the moment magnitude 5.9 earthquake was in Dayao County in the mountainous area of central Yunnan, China. At least 19 people were killed, 644 were injured, [3] and 8,406 families became homeless. The quake also caused $75 million USD in damage. [4] [2]

Contents

Tectonic setting

Yunnan is located at the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, where the Indian plate is colliding north–northeast into the Eurasian plate (Asia). The continental deformation is accommodated by major faults in the area, mostly of strike-slip movement. The Indian plate pushes into Asia, uplifting the Tibetan Plateau and causes it rotate clockwise, along the Xianshuihe fault system. This deformation spreads into Yunnan, where active strike-slip faulting occurs. [5]

Earthquake

The earthquake measured 6.1 on the surface-wave magnitude scale. It was the first of two earthquakes in the same area that year. In October, an Ms  6.2 (Mw  5.6) earthquake struck nearby, killing three people. [6] The July earthquake occurred as a result of shallow strike-slip faulting. [7] Coulomb stress transfer from the July quake increased the chance of failure on nearby faults which triggered the October quake. [8]

Impact

The quake occurred when most victims were asleep. In the village of Ganghe, at least 11 people were killed due to collapsing homes made of mud. An aftershock on July 23 caused additional collapses and injured 51 people. [9] In Songziyuan village, many homes were destroyed. Large fissures opened in roads and landslides blocked passing vehicles. At least one person died in the village. A total of 264,474 houses collapsed, leaving many homeless. [10]

See also

Related Research Articles

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The 2021 Maduo earthquake, also known as the 5.22 earthquake struck Madoi County in Qinghai Province, China on 22 May at 02:04 local time. The earthquake had a moment magnitude and surface-wave magnitude of 7.4. Highway bridges, roads and walls collapsed as a result of the earthquake. According to an anonymous source, at least 20 people were killed, 300 were injured, and 13 were missing. Officials stated that there were no deaths but 19 people sustained minor injuries. It was the strongest in China since 2008. It was assigned a maximum intensity of X in Machali, Maduo County on the China seismic intensity scale and Modified Mercalli intensity scale. This earthquake was preceded by another unrelated earthquake that occurred 5 hours earlier in Yunnan.

The 2020 Qiaojia earthquake occurred in Yunnan, China, 42 km west of Zhaotong on May 18, 21:48 local time. The moment magnitude 5.1 quake occurred at a depth of 10 km. Various buildings were damaged, and one house collapsed in Zhaoyang District. Four people were killed while 24 people were injured.

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The 1850 Xichang earthquake rocked Sichuan Province of Qing China on September 12. The earthquake which caused major damage in Xichang county had an estimated moment magnitude of 7.3–7.9 Mw  and a surface wave magnitude of 7.5–7.7 Ms . An estimated 20,650 people died.

The 1654 Tianshui earthquake occurred on July 21 in Tianshui, Gansu Province, Ming dynasty sometime between 21:00 and 23:00 local time. The event had an estimated moment magnitude of 7.0 and was assigned a maximum intensity of XI on the China seismic intensity scale. Resulting in extreme damage and affecting at least four provinces, the quake killed approximately 30,000 people.

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The 1979 Saint Elias earthquake affected Alaska at 12:27 AKST on 28 February. The thrust-faulting Mw 7.5 earthquake had an epicenter in the Granite Mountains. Though the maximum recorded Modified Mercalli intensity was VII, damage was minimal and there were no casualties due to the remoteness of the faulting. Damage also extended across the border in parts of Yukon, Canada.

The 1733 Dongchuan earthquake affected Yunnan in China on August 2. The earthquake, which had an estimated surface-wave magnitude of 7.75, damaged homes across the province. There were dozens of fatalities and more deaths occurred in mines. The earthquake was the result of faulting along the Xiaojiang Fault Zone.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 ISC-OB Event 7003234 [ IRIS ].
  2. 1 2 ANSS. "M 6.0 – 75 km SSW of Dadukou, China". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  3. ↑ Wang, Wei Jun; Chen, Ling; Chen, Qi Fu; Liu, Jie (2007). "2003 年大姚地震震中区的速度和衰减结构" [Velocity and attenuation structures in the focal area of 2003 Dayao earthquakes]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese). 50 (3): 770–779. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 1, 2022.
  4. ↑ National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2003), Significant Earthquake Information, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K , retrieved 2022-04-01
  5. ↑ Wang, Fan; Wang, Min; Wang, Yanzhao; Shen, Zheng-Kang (2015). "Earthquake Potential of the Sichuan-Yunnan Region, Western China". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 107. Elsevier: 232–243. Bibcode:2015JAESc.107..232W. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.04.041.
  6. ↑ ANSS. "M 5.6 – Yunnan, China". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  7. ↑ Wang, Xiaoshan; Feng, Xiangdong; Diao, Guiling; Wang, Libing; Cai, Lingling (2009). "Difference between focal mechanisms of Dayao earthquake doublet sequence" [Difference between focal mechanisms of Dayao earthquake doublet sequence]. Earthquake Science (in Chinese). 22 (6): 667–673. Bibcode:2009EaSci..22..667W. doi:10.1007/s11589-009-0667-0. S2CID   128413530.
  8. ↑ Xu, Xiaofeng; Wan, Yongge; Wang, Huilin (2011). "Stress value in 2003 Dayao MS6.1 earthquake source region". Earthquake Science. 24 (4): 343–350. Bibcode:2011EaSci..24..343X. doi: 10.1007/s11589-011-0797-z . S2CID   129935225.
  9. ↑ Liu, Ben-yu; Miao, Sheng; Ye, Liao-yuan; Xiao, Mei-ling (2006). "Damage of village buildings in recent Yunnan earthquakes". 4th International Conference on Earthquake Engineering Taipei, Taiwan (266).
  10. ↑ ACT Alliance (29 July 2003). "ACT Alert 1/2003 China Dayao Earthquake". ReliefWeb . Retrieved 1 April 2022.
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