Ministry of Justice (China)

Ministry of Justice of the
People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国司法部
	Emblem of the People's Republic of China
	Logo of the Justice Administrative Organs of the PRC
	; The Ministry of Justice building in Beijing
Agency overview
Formed	September 1954;71 years ago
Type	Constituent Department of the State Council (cabinet-level)
Jurisdiction	Government of China
Headquarters	41 Ping'anli West Street, Xicheng District, Beijing
Minister responsible	He Rong, Minister of Justice ;
Parent agency	State Council
Website	moj.gov.cn ; chinalaw.gov.cn

Last updated October 30, 2025

The Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China is a government ministry under the State Council responsible for legal affairs.

The Central People's Government established the Ministry of Justice in October 1949. The ministry assumed its current form in September 1954. In 1959, the Ministry of Justice, along with judicial administrative organs, was abolished. It was restored in 1979. The ministry's range of responsibilities include judicial process, drafting legislation, developing legal framework, participating in national and international treaties, prosecution and sentencing.

History

On October 30, 1949, the Ministry of Justice of the Central People's Government was established; in September 1954, it was transformed into the Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China in accordance with the Constitution of China adopted at the first session of the 1st National People's Congress. In 1959, the judicial administrative organs were abolished. In 1979, the Standing Committee of the 5th National People's Congress decided to re-establish the Ministry of Justice.^[1] In March 2018, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council was absorbed into the MOJ as part of the deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions.^[2]

Functions

The range of responsibilities of the Ministry of Justice include judicial process, drafting legislation, developing legal framework, participating in national and international treaties, prosecution and sentencing.^[3] The ministry also ensures the maintenance and improvement of China's system of law and justice and its national security.^[3]

Organization

The executive head of the ministry is the Minister of Justice.^[2] The MOJ houses the Office of the Central Comprehensive Law-based Governance Commission.^[2] The MOJ Bureau of Prison Administration [ zh ] (司法部监狱管理局) operates national prisons in China, except the Qincheng Prison, which is administered by the Ministry of Public Security.^[2] As of 2024, Fan Lübing (范履冰) is the head of the department.^[4]

Organizational structure

Components
Legal Aid Center of the Ministry of Justice
Crime Prevention Institute of the Ministry of Justice
Judicial Research Institute of the Ministry of Justice
Institute of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice
Central College for Judicial Officers
Institute of Judicial Administration
Publishing House of Legal Daily
Publishing House of Law
All China Lawyers' Association
China Public Notary Association
MOJ Bureau of Prison Administration [ zh ]
All China People's Mediators' Association
China Legal Aid Foundation
International Legal Cooperation Center

References

↑ "司法部长吴爱英谈新中国60年司法". 新闻 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2024.
1 2 3 4 "Decoding Chinese Politics". Asia Society . Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
1 2 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ Home page Archived August 6, 2024, at the Wayback Machine . Bureau of Prison Administration. Retrieved on Jan 20, 2024. "局长：范履冰"

External links

Official website (in Chinese)

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[r572-1] "司法部长吴爱英谈新中国60年司法". 新闻 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2024.

[:02-2] 1 2 3 4 "Decoding Chinese Politics". Asia Society . Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 2, 2023.

[autogenerated1-3] 1 2 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[4] Home page Archived August 6, 2024, at the Wayback Machine . Bureau of Prison Administration. Retrieved on Jan 20, 2024. "局长：范履冰"

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[2]

[3]

[4]

v t e National security and law enforcement in China
National	Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party National Security Commission Central Military Commission People's Liberation Army Militia Maritime Militia NDMC United Front Work Department State Council Ministry of State Security Ministry of Public Security National Defense Mobilization Commission Ministry of National Defense Taiwan Affairs Office
Mainland	Fire and Rescue Supervisory Commissions People's Police Public Security PP provincial Public Security Departments city/county Public Security Bureaus Internet police Immigration Inspection State Security PP Provincial departments of State security Municipal Bureaus of State security Judicial Administrative PP People's Courts Judicial Police People's Procuratorates Judicial Police People's Armed Police ~~Ministry of Public Security Active Service Forces~~ Coast Guard Mobile units 1st Mobile Corps 2nd Mobile Corps Customs State Secrets Protection Cyberspace Admin Urban Admin
Hong Kong	Office for Safeguarding National Security Committee for Safeguarding National Security PLA Hong Kong Garrison Independent Commission Against Corruption Disciplined Services Police National Security Department Fire Correction Customs Immigration
Macau	PLA Macau Garrison Commission Against Corruption Macau Security Force Unitary Police Service [ zh ] Public Security Police (including Migration Service) Judicial Police [ zh ] Fire Services Bureau Correctional Services Bureau Macau Customs Service
Operations	Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries (1950–53) Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns (1951–52) Sufan movement (1955–57) Anti-Rightist Campaign (1957–59) Red August (1966) Shadian incident (1975) 1983 "Strike Hard" Anti-crime Campaign (1983–87) Persecution of Falun Gong (1999) 6521 Project (2009) Anti-corruption campaign (2012–) Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism (2014–) Operation Fox Hunt (2014–) 709 crackdown (2015) Special Campaign to Crack Down on Organized Crime and Eliminate Evil (2018–21) Education and Rectification of the Political and Legal Teams (2021–22) Abroad Information operations and information warfare United Kingdom United States California Hawaii Philippines
Other topics	2011 crackdown 610 Office Arbitrary arrest and detention Black jails Capital punishment Censorship Central Case Examination Group Chinese information operations and information warfare Civil Servant-Family Pair Up Death sentence with reprieve Enforced disappearance Great Cannon Grid-style social management Holistic national security Hong Kong national security law List of Hong Kong national security cases Human flesh search engine Human rights Tibet Macao Hong Kong Internet censorship Inciting subversion of state power Judicial system Judiciary of Hong Kong Judiciary of Macau Laogai Life imprisonment Liuzhi Mass surveillance in China Migration to Xinjiang Penal system PLA Unit 61398 Political offences Picking quarrels and provoking trouble Re-education through labor Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location Soft detention Shuanggui Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism Three warfares Two-faced person Persecution of Uyghurs in China Xinjiang internment camps

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF 2 3 GND
National	United States Japan Australia
Academics	CiNii
Other	IdRef Yale LUX