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People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison | |
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中国人民解放军驻香港部队 | |
Founded | 1 July 1997 |
Country | |
Allegiance | Chinese Communist Party |
Branch | |
Size | 10,000 to 12,000 [1] |
Part of | Southern Theater Command |
Garrison/HQ | Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building 22°16′54″N114°09′51″E / 22.2817325°N 114.1641229°E |
Commanders | |
Commander | Major General Peng Jingtang |
Political Commissar [2] | Major General Cai Yongzhong [3] |
Chinese People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison | |||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 中國人民解放軍駐香港部隊 | ||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 中国人民解放军驻香港部队 | ||||||||||
Literal meaning | China People Liberation Army stationing Hong Kong Troops | ||||||||||
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The People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison is a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA),responsible for defence duties in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) since the handover of Hong Kong in 1997.
The garrison is headquartered in Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building in Central,Hong Kong. The size of the Hong Kong garrison is approximately 10,000–12,000 personnel,including members of the People's Armed Police,People's Liberation Army Navy,People's Liberation Army Air Force,and People's Liberation Army Ground Force. [4]
Prior to the handover in 1997,the territory was under British rule,and the defence of the territory was the responsibility of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong,with auxiliary help from the Royal Hong Kong Regiment.
The People's Republic of China (PRC) assumed sovereignty over Hong Kong on 1 July 1997 and the Central People's Government (CPG) stationed a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in Hong Kong to manage the defense affairs of the territory. While the garrison has been considered primarily symbolic of Beijing's governance over Hong Kong,it is nevertheless asserted to be a combat-ready force. [5]
The Basic Law upon the territory provides that the CPG shall be responsible for the defense of Hong Kong and shall bear the expenditure for the garrison,whereas the colonial Hong Kong Government before 1997 had to pay for the military. The Garrison Law,subsequently enacted by the National People's Congress,contains specific provisions on the duties and rules of discipline of the garrison personnel,jurisdiction and other questions,to facilitate the Hong Kong Garrison in fulfilling its defence functions along legal lines. Military forces stationed in Hong Kong shall not interfere in the local affairs and the Hong Kong government shall be responsible for the maintenance of public order. The Garrison formally stationed in Hong Kong assumed defence responsibility for Hong Kong from midnight onwards on 1 July 1997.
The Hong Kong Garrison includes elements of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force,PLA Navy,and PLA Air Force;these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under the administrative control of the adjacent Southern Theater Command.
While performing its defense duties,the Hong Kong Garrison must abide by both national and Hong Kong laws,as well as the current rules and regulations of the PLA,according to the Garrison Law,a PRC law. After its entry into Hong Kong,the Hong Kong Garrison abide by the Basic Law and the Garrison Law,actively organizing military training. According to the Garrison Law,the Garrison established working contacts with the Hong Kong Government,and opened the barracks on Stonecutters Island and Stanley to the public to promote Hong Kong people's understanding of and trust in the garrison forces and their personnel. Annual open house events are held to showcase the assets and combat readiness of the garrison personnel. Garrison troop rotations are also routine. [6] [7]
In early 2022,Chairman of the Central Military Commission Xi Jinping,appointed Major General Peng Jingtang,a former People's Armed Police paramilitary commander,to lead the PLA garrison in Hong Kong. [8]
Personnel in the Hong Kong Garrison wore uniforms different from their mainland counterparts until a new set of uniforms were introduced in 2007. Motor vehicles in the military are right-hand drive,like civilian vehicles in Hong Kong,and carry number plates that start with ZG,standing for zhùgǎng (驻港/駐港),Chinese for "[stationed] in Hong Kong."
The Hong Kong Garrison reports to both the Southern Theater Command and Central Military Commission in Beijing,and informs Hong Kong Government of any actions within or around Hong Kong.
There are 19 sites occupied by the Garrison across Hong Kong. According to a Reuters investigation,many of these sites are run down and not fully utilised,which has caused some to argue that the land should be returned and used for housing. [10] The Tsing Shan firing range occupies approximately 80% of the 2,750 hectares of land managed by the PLA. [11] [12]
A secret 20th site is a radar facility in Tai Mo Shan,which was discovered in 2014,without the PLA informing the public,as required by the Garrison Law. [13] It was not publicly recognized by the Hong Kong government until 2021. [14]
The Commander lives on The Peak at Headquarters House,11 Barker Road. Other property owned by the Garrison includes the United Services Recreation Club.
Bases within Hong Kong are former British facilities namely from the British Army:
Model | Type | Number | Dates | Manufacturer | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type 92 | 6 wheeled armored personnel carrier | 21 | 1980s | Norinco | With 12.7mm machine gun |
Type 56C | 7.62 mm assault rifle | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
Type 88 | 5.8 mm sniper rifle | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
CS/LR4 | 7.62 mm sniper rifle | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
QBZ-191 | 5.8 mm automatic assault rifle | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
QBZ-95 | 5.8 mm automatic assault rifle | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
QBZ-03 | 5.8 mm automatic assault rifle | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
QCW-05 | submachine gun | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
Type 87 grenade launcher | grenade launcher | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
Type 95 Squad Machine Gun | Light machine gun | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
Type 92 pistol | pistol | N/A | N/A | Norinco | |
Jiefang CA-30 | utility truck | N/A | N/A | First Automotive Works,Changchun | |
Dongfeng EQ2050 | Military light utility vehicle | N/A | 2010 | Chinese copy of HMMWV | |
JH600 Duke | motorcycle | N/A | N/A | Jialing |
The naval presence in Hong Kong is a limited sub-station with a small flotilla of ships rotating from bases in the mainland China:
Various ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy visit the base,but only a few ships remain on semi-permanent basis.
Class or name | Builder | Type | Quantity | Year Entered Service | Details | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type 056 Jiangdao class | Huangpu Shipyard,Guangzhou,Guangdong | Corvette | 2 | 2013 | 596 惠州 / Huizhou 597 钦州 / Qinzhou
| |
Type 074-II Yuhai class | Wuhu Shipyard of Wuhu,Anhui | Medium Landing Ship | 3 | 2017-8 | 3357,3358,and 3359 Two 25 mm guns | |
Type 721 | Guangxi Guiyang shipyard | Light transport boat | 2 | 1990s | 42 meters long,8.8 meters wide and 2.14 meters tall. It has a full displacement of 140 tons,a speed of 33 knots and a maximum range of 300 nautical miles. It can carry 70 people and 2 tons of materials. |
PLA Hong Kong Garrison has three airbases,with two of these within Hong Kong:
Aircraft | Country of Manufacture | Type | In Service | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Harbin Z-9 | China | utility helicopter | 12 –at Shek Kong Airfield | upgraded variant of AS 565 Panther and SA 360 Dauphin 2 |
Changhe Z-8KH | China | search and rescue helicopter | 4 –at Shek Kong Airfield | Licensed version of Aérospatiale SA 321 Super Frelon |
The People's Liberation Army Macao Garrison is a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA),responsible for defense duties in the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) since the sovereignty of Macau was transferred to China in 1999.
The Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building is the headquarters building of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison,located on Lung Wui Road,Admiralty,Hong Kong. It houses the Central Barracks.
The Battle of Hong Kong,also known as the Defence of Hong Kong and the Fall of Hong Kong,was one of the first battles of the Pacific War in World War II. On the same morning as the attack on Pearl Harbor,forces of the Empire of Japan attacked the British Crown colony of Hong Kong around the same time that Japan declared war on Great Britain. The Hong Kong garrison consisted of British,Indian and Canadian units,also the Auxiliary Defence Units and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC).
British Forces Overseas Hong Kong comprised the elements of the British Army,Royal Navy and Royal Air Force stationed in British Hong Kong. The Governor of Hong Kong also assumed the position of the commander-in-chief of the forces and the Commander British Forces in Hong Kong took charge of the daily deployment of the troops. Much of the British military left prior to the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997. The present article focuses mainly on the British garrison in Hong Kong in the post Second World War era. For more information concerning the British garrison during the Second World War and earlier,see the Battle of Hong Kong.
The Shek Kong Airfield,formerly Royal Air Force Sek Kong or Sek Kong Airfield,is an airfield (airbase) located in Shek Kong,New Territories,Hong Kong.
The Hong Kong Military Service Corps (HKMSC) was a British army unit and part of the British garrison in Hong Kong. Throughout the history of Hong Kong,it has been the only regular British army unit raised in the territory made up almost entirely of Locally Enlisted Personnel (LEP).
Gun Club Hill Barracks are barracks in King's Park,or in Jordan,Hong Kong formerly used by British Army garrisons during British colonial rule. The military began using the area shortly after 1860 when the British acquired Kowloon. The barracks are bounded by Austin Road,Jordan Path,Gascoigne Road and Chatham Road South.
Government Dockyard is a dockyard of Hong Kong Government responsible for the design,procurement and maintenance of all vessels owned by the Government.
The Guangzhou Military Region was from 1955 to 2016 one of the People's Liberation Army PLA Military Regions,located in the south of the People's Republic of China. In May 1949,the Central China Military Region (MR) was formed. In March 1955,it was divided into two,the Guangzhou MR and the Wuhan Military Region. When the Wuhan MR was disbanded in August 1985,its troops stationed around the Hubei province were assigned to the Guangzhou MR.
The Hong Kong Garrison was a British and Commonwealth force that protected Hong Kong. In December 1941 during the Battle of Hong Kong in the Second World War,the Japanese Army attacked Hong Kong and after a brief but violent series of engagements the garrison surrendered. The garrison continued until 1989.
Kowloon East Barracks,formerly Osborn Barracks,is a People's Liberation Army facility,and was a British Army facility,in Kowloon City District,Hong Kong. Located in the northern part of Kowloon on Waterloo Road and Junction Road.
The Military history of Hong Kong dates back to the Qin conquest. As Hong Kong is on the sea routes to the city of Guangzhou,the territories of Hong Kong served as an outer port. Amounts of pearl and salt are also located within the shores of Hong Kong as well. Thus,there is a long history of military and navy garrisoning the territory.
The Old Tai O Police Station is a former police station in Hong Kong. It is located on the small hill next to Tai O Ferry Pier,at the south-western tip of Tai O,which can be considered the most westerly point within Hong Kong.
The Central and Western District located on northwestern part of Hong Kong Island is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. It had a population of 243,266 in 2016. The district has the most educated residents with the second highest income and the third lowest population due to its relatively small size.
Ngong Shuen Chau Naval Base is part of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison and small naval base on Stonecutters Island,Hong Kong. It is home to the South Sea Fleet Squadron #38081 and is a sub-base of the naval squadron of the South Sea Fleet. The area surrounding the base is off limits to civilian ship traffic.
Tan Benhong is a lieutenant general (zhongjiang) of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA). He was commander of the PLA Hong Kong Garrison in Hong Kong from July 2014 until April 2019. Tan formerly served as commander of the Hainan Military District.
The Hong Kong Army Cadets Association,established on 18 January 2015,is a Hong Kong Uniformed Youth Group,it is connected with the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison and the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong. Established with the aims "To contribute the city and serve the Fatherland". The Hong Kong Army Cadets Association is a development of the Military Summer Camp For Hong Kong Youth scheme organised by Betty Tung Chiu Hung-ping,the wife of former Chief Executive of Hong Kong Tung Chee-hwa,and the core of the estimated 2000 strong membership is made up of attendees of the summer camps;the target membership of the Association is children and youths from the age of six upwards. Up until 2023,the Association was the only Hong Kong uniformed youth group to use the People's Liberation Army's military drill,with its uniforms,emblems and structure is based on that of the PLA.
This is a list of military parades held in the Hong Kong since 1945.
The PLA Hong Kong Garrison Honour Guard Battalion is the ceremonial unit for the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison based in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). It consists of 210 soldiers from the People's Liberation Army Ground Force,Air Force and Navy who are based at Stonecutters Island. It provided public duties for all events of a ceremonial nature on behalf of the PLA during events of regional importance in the HKSAR. It was formed in 1994 as a result of the impending transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong. At the time of its founding,it was composed of some members of the PLA Honour Guard in Beijing. It began to recruit female soldiers in February 2016. Unlike the unit in the capital,the Hong Kong unit is not a purely ceremonial unit as it is also capable of becoming active duty infantry when needed. A requirement for membership in the unit is being at least 182 cm. It is attached directly to the PLAHK Garrison through the Infantry Garrison Brigade.
The Central People's Government of China owns and operates numerous properties in Hong Kong. The central government operates four offices in Hong Kong,which are the Liaison Office,the Hong Kong Garrison,the Office of the Foreign Affairs Commissioner,and the Office for Safeguarding National Security.
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