Demographics of Hong Kong

Last updated

Demographics of Hong Kong
Hong Kong Population Pyramid.svg
Population pyramid of Hong Kong in 2020
Population7,276,588 (2022 est.)
Growth rate0.17% (2022 est.)
Birth rate4.43 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate8.47 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy83.61 years
 • male80.91 years
 • female86.46 years (2022 est.)
Fertility rate0.68 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate2.55 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate1.65 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years13.04% (male 495,977/female 454,723)
15–64 years66.02% (male 2,164,667/female 2,646,774)
65 and over20.94% (male 706,761/female 819,265) (2023 est.) [1]
Sex ratio
Total0.86 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.06 male(s)/female
Under 151.09 male(s)/female
65 and over0.71 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityHong Konger
Major ethnic Han Chinese (91.6%)
Language
OfficialCantonese (88.9%), English (4.3%), Mandarin (1.9%)

Demographic features of the population of Hong Kong include population density, ethnicity, education level, the health of the populace, religious affiliations, and other aspects.

Contents

Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with an overall density of some 6,300 people per square kilometre. [2] At the same time, Hong Kong has one of the world's lowest birth rates—0.68 per woman of child-bearing age as of 2022, far below the replacement rate of 2.1. It is estimated that 26.8% of the population will be aged 65 or more in 2033, up from 12.1% in 2005. Hong Kong recorded 8.2 births per 1,000 people in 2005–2010. [3]

Ethnically, Hong Kong mainly consists of Chinese who constitute approximately 92% of the population. [4] [5] Of these, many originate from various regions in Guangdong. There are also a number of descendants of immigrants from elsewhere in Southern China during and after the Chinese Civil War.

Terminology

People from Hong Kong generally refer to themselves, in Cantonese, as Hèung Góng Yàhn (Chinese :香港人; Cantonese Yale :Hèung Góng Yàhn; lit.'Hong Kong people'); however, the term is not restricted to those of Chinese descent, owing to Hong Kong's roughly 160-year colonial history that saw the civil servants and traders of British, Indian, Russian and other ethnic groups stationed in Hong Kong.

In English, the term 'Hongkongers' (or sometimes 'Hong Kongers') is also used to refer to Hong Kongese people, while the term 'Hongkongese' is sometimes used as an adjective to describe people or things related to Hong Kong. [6] [7]

Population density

Population graph of Hong Kong Hong Kong Population.svg
Population graph of Hong Kong

The following census data is available for Hong Kong between the years 1841–2011. In 2011, Hong Kong had a population of just over 7 million, with a density of approximately 6,300 people per square kilometer. This makes Hong Kong the fourth most densely populated region in the world, after Macau, Monaco, and Singapore. [2]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1841 7,450—    
1851 32,983+16.04%
1861 119,320+13.72%
1871 120,124+0.07%
1881 160,402+2.93%
1891 221,441+3.28%
1901 368,987+5.24%
1911 456,739+2.16%
1921 625,166+3.19%
1931 840,473+3.00%
1941 1,639,000+6.91%
1945 600,000−22.22%
1951 2,070,000+22.92%
1961 3,128,648+4.22%
1971 3,936,630+2.32%
1981 5,183,400+2.79%
1991 5,752,000+1.05%
2001 6,714,300+1.56%
2011 7,071,600+0.52%
2021 7,413,070+0.47%
Sources: Census and Statistics Department, [8] [9] [10] [11] CICRED, [12] Office for National Statistics [13]

Ethnicity

Ethnic groups in Hong Kong (2021) [14] [15]
Ethnic groups (alone)
Chinese
 
91.6%
Filipino
 
2.7%
Indonesian
 
1.9%
South Asians
 
1.4%
Other
 
3%

Chinese

Historically, the major Chinese groups in Hong Kong include the Punti, Hakka, Cantonese (including Toishanese), Hoklo, [16] and Tanka. [17] The Punti, and Tanka people in Hong Kong are largely descendants of the indigenous population, while the Hakka and Hoklo groups are composed of both indigenous groups and more recent migrants.

Most Teochew-speaking migrants immigrated to Hong Kong between the late 1940s and early 1970s, while migrants from Fujian (previously Southern Min speakers, and increasingly more Central Min and Northern Min speakers) have constituted a growing number of migrants since 1978. [18] Many Taishanese and Cantonese also migrated after 1949.

According to the 2016 by-census, 92% of the Hong Kong population is ethnic Chinese. [4] The Hong Kong census does not currently categorise Han Chinese subgroups, although in the past the census would collect information on language and dialect use [19] which can be used to ascertain proportions of the population's ethnicity.[ original research? ] However, the majority of Hongkongers of Chinese descent trace their ancestry to various parts of Southern China: the Guangzhou area, followed by Siyi (Toishanese people), Chaoshan (a region of Eastern Guangdong home to Teochew speakers), Fujian, and Shanghai. [20] Some Cantonese people also originate from Hakka-speaking villages in the New Territories. [21]

Stanley Market Stanley Market 6, Mar 06.JPG
Stanley Market

Ethnic minorities

8% of the population of Hong Kong are categorised as "ethnic minorities", including a large number of Filipinos and Indonesians, who together make up approximately 4.6% of the population. [22] [23] [24] However, the majority of the Filipinos and Indonesians population are short-termed foreign domestic helpers. After excluding foreign domestic helpers, the number of ethnic minorities was 263,593 in 2016, making up 3.6% of the whole Hong Kong population. [25]

Census data from 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021. [14]
Ethnic
group		2006 By-census2011 Census2016 By-census2021 Census
Number %Number %Number %Number%
Chinese6,522,14895.06,620,39393.66,752,20292.06,793,50291.6
Filipino112,4531.6133,0181.9184,0812.5201,2912.7
Indonesian87,8401.3133,3771.9153,2992.1142,0651.9
White36,3840.555,2360.858,2090.861,5820.8
Indian20,4440.328,6160.436,4620.542,5690.6
Nepalese15,9500.216,5180.225,4720.329,7010.4
Pakistani11,1110.218,0420.318,0940.224,3850.3
Thai11,9000.211,2130.210,2150.112,9720.2
Japanese13,1890.212,5800.29,9760.110,2910.1
Other Asian12,6630.212,2470.219,5890.310,5740.1
Others20,2640.330,3360.468,9860.970,1240.9
Total6,864,3467,071,5767,336,5857,413,070

Circa 2018 there were about 2,000 people of African origins with about 800-1,000 in Yuen Long. [26] Chungking Mansions is another area of settlement and employment. Some Africans seeking to asylum travelled to Hong Kong as of June 2020. [27] According to Lingnan University professor Lisa Leung Yuk-ming, African settlement began in the 1990s. The Hong Kong African Association (香港非洲人協會) is an ethnic association for those people. [28]

A Thai community began in Hong Kong when Thai women travelled with their husbands, of Chaozhou (Chiu Chow) origin, to Hong Kong in the 1970s. In 2016, Hong Kong had about 10,215 Thai residents, with around 33% residing in Kowloon City. [29]

Nationality

Due to its history as trading, business, and tourism hub, a large number of expatriates live in Hong Kong, representing 8% of the population. [30] The following lists ethnic groups with significant presence in Hong Kong in alphabetical order by category:

Age groups

Population pyramid 2016 Bevolkerungspyramide Hongkong 2016.png
Population pyramid 2016

United Nations data

According to United Nations estimates from 1 July 2013, Hong Kong's population is distributed in the following age ranges, with the largest age group represented being 50–54 years: [31]

Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates Hong Kong SAR (China) Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg
Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates
Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total3,330,7003,856,8007,187,500100
0–4134,500125,700260,2003.62
5–9128,000120,200248,2003.45
10–14149,100139,600288,7004.02
15–19208,000196,300404,3005.63
20–24226,400230,700457,1006.36
25–29221,800295,800517,6007.20
30–34231,900343,200575,1008.00
35–39229,500331,000560,5007.80
40–44239,800338,700578,5008.05
45–49271,000337,900608,9008.47
50–54313,500341,100654,6009.11
55–59281,300287,900569,2007.92
60–64220,000223,100443,1006.16
65–69148,800146,400295,2004.11
70–74109,600103,700213,3002.97
75–79100,600109,900210,5002.93
80–8469,50088,400157,9002.20
85+47,40097,200144,6002.01
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–14411,600385,500797,10011.09
15–642,443,2002,925,7005,368,90074.70
65+475,900545,6001,021,50014.21

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020): [32]

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total3 416 3004 065 5007 481 800100
0–4137 400127 400264 8003.54
5–9154 600144 800299 4004.00
10–14154 400150 700305 1004.08
15–19140 100133 500273 6003.66
20–24192 600191 900384 5005.14
25–29224 600257 300481 9006.44
30–34229 800320 400550 2007.35
35–39237 500369 300606 8008.11
40–44226 300343 500569 8007.62
45–49241 500339 700581 2007.77
50–54241 400315 400556 8007.44
55–59301 200343 300644 5008.61
60–64292 400299 000591 4007.90
65-69223 200229 900453 1006.06
70-74165 200171 500336 7004.50
75-7995 10095 200190 3002.54
80-8479 90094 000173 9002.32
85+79 100138 700217 8002.91
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–14446 400422 900869 30011.62
15–642 327 4002 913 3005 240 70070.05
65+642 500729 3001 371 80018.34

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

Age structure

Median age

Hong Kong government data

The Hong Kong government provides the following estimates for mid-2013: [34]

 0–14 years: 11.0% (male 408,000; female 382,600)
15–24 years: 11.7% (male 424,500; female 417,900)
25–34 years: 15.2% (male 454,900; female 639,700)
35–44 years: 15.9% (male 471,500; female 671,800)
45–54 years: 17.7% (male 587,900; female 681,700)
55–64 years: 14.2% (male 503,700; female 512,600)
65 and over: 14.3% (male 479,500; female 547,700)

Median age: 45.0 (2013 est.)

Language

As a former British colony, Hong Kong has 2 official languages: English, and Chinese, although the specific variety of Chinese is not specified. The majority of the population uses Cantonese as their usual spoken language. However, due to Hong Kong's role as an international trade and finance hub, there are also a wide variety of minority groups speaking dozens of languages present in the territory.

Language usually spoken at home (5+)1961 [12] 1971 [12] 1991 [35] 1996 [36] 2001 [37] 2006 [38] 2011 [38] 2016 [38] 2021 [30]
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number %Number %Number %Number %
Cantonese 2,076,20078.93,469,20088.14,583,32288.65,196,24088.75,726,97289.26,030,96090.86,095,21389.56,264,70088.96,382,94788.2
Mandarin 503,00019.1405,10010.257,5771.165,8921.155,4100.960,8590.994,3991.4131,4061.9165,5412.3
Other Chinese languages 364,6947.1340,2225.8352,5625.5289,0274.4273,7454.0221,2473.1204,5712.8
English 31,8001.241,1001.1114,0842.2184,3083.1203,5983.2187,2812.8238,2883.5300,4174.3330,7824.6
Other languages17,9000.821,2000.649,2321.073,8791.379,1971.272,2171.1106,7881.6131,1991.9149,3762.1
Total2,628,9003,936,6005,168,9095,860,5416,417,7396,640,3446,808,4337,048,9697,179,127

However, a very large proportion of the population in Hong Kong are able to communicate in multiple languages. The school system is separated into English-medium and Chinese-medium school, both of which teach English and Mandarin.

Proportion of Population (5+) Able to Speak Selected Languages [38]
2006 [38] 2011 [38] 2016 [38] 2021 [30]
 % % % %
Cantonese96.595.894.693.7
English44.746.153.258.7
Mandarin40.247.848.654.2
Hakka4.74.74.23.6
Hokkien3.43.53.63.1
Tagalog1.41.72.72.8
Chiu Chow3.93.83.42.8
Bahasa Indonesia1.72.42.72.5
Japanese1.21.51.82.1
Shanghainese1.21.11.10.8

Sex ratio

According to The World Factbook in 2013, the Hong Kong population was divided into the following male/female ratios:

Male/female ratio by age group

At birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0–14 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
15–24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
25–54 years: 0.88 male(s)/female
55–64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.94 male(s)/female

Education level

According to The World Factbook estimates in 2002, 93.5% of the population over the age of 15 had attended schooling, including 96.9% of males and 89.6% of females.

Vital statistics

The following table shows birth rates and mortality rates in Hong Kong between 1950 and 2022. [39] [40] [41]

At the end of the 20th century, Hong Kong had one of the lowest birth rates in the world. However, the number of births doubled in the decade between 2001 and 2011, largely due to an increase in the number of children born in Hong Kong to women with residence in Mainland China. In 2001 there were 7,810 births to Mainland women (16%) out of a total of 48,219 births. By 2009 it increased to 37,253 births to Mainland women (45%) out of a total of 82,095 births. [42]

Death rates by leading causes of death

No. of Deaths per 100000 Population by leading causes of death (based on ICD 10th Revision). [43] Red: increased compared with 2001.
Cause of Death200120112021
1. Malignant neoplasms169.9187.2203.8
2. Pneumonia45.187.8132.6
3. Diseases of heart7089.689
4. Cerebrovascular46.647.242.2
5. External causes of
morbidity and mortality		27.522.226.7
6. Nephritis, nephrotic
syndrome and nephrosis		15.721.824
7. Dementia3.810.620.2
8. Septicaemia6.310.816.8
9. Chronic lower
respiratory diseases		31.527.814.3
10. Diabetes mellitus10.16.57.4
All other causes69.785118.1
All causes496596.6695.2

Birth and mortality rates

Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1,000)Crude death rate (per 1,000)Natural change (per 1,000)TFR
19501,974,00060,60018,46542,13530.79.421.3
19512,044,00068,50020,58047,92034.010.223.8
19522,141,00071,97619,45952,51733.99.224.7
19532,253,00075,54418,30057,24433.78.225.5
19542,371,00083,31719,28364,03435.28.227.1
19552,490,00090,51119,08071,43136.37.728.7
19562,607,00096,74619,29577,45137.07.429.6
19572,721,00097,83419,36578,46935.87.128.7
19582,834,000106,62420,55486,07037.47.230.2
19592,951,000104,57920,25084,32935.26.828.4
19603,075,000110,66719,14691,52136.16.229.95.014
19613,207,000108,72618,73889,98834.35.928.45.030
19623,344,000119,16620,93398,23336.16.329.74.980
19633,477,000118,41320,34098,07334.65.928.74.857
19643,596,000111,43618,65792,77931.85.326.54.665
19653,692,000106,36218,16088,20229.65.024.54.422
19663,763,00096,43619,26177,17526.65.321.34.152
19673,812,00094,36820,23474,13425.35.419.93.887
19683,850,00083,64119,44464,19722.05.116.93.649
19693,889,00082,48219,25663,22621.35.016.43.448
19703,942,00079,13219,99659,13620.05.114.93.284
19714,009,00079,78920,37459,41519.75.014.73.459
19724,088,00080,34421,39758,94719.55.214.33.315
19734,180,00082,25221,25161,00119.55.014.53.177
19744,283,00083,58921,87961,71019.35.114.32.967
19754,396,00079,79021,59158,16817.94.913.02.666
19764,519,00078,51122,62855,88317.45.112.32.480
19774,652,00080,02223,33156,69117.55.112.42.376
19784,788,00080,95723,81657,14117.35.112.22.272
19794,919,00081,97525,11056,86516.85.111.72.120
19805,039,00085,29024,99560,29517.04.912.12.047
19815,145,00086,75124,82261,92916.84.812.01.933
19825,239,00086,12025,38460,73616.44.811.51.860
19835,322,00083,29326,51256,78115.65.010.61.722
19845,394,00077,29725,51051,78714.44.79.71.559
19855,456,00076,12625,24850,87814.04.69.31.491
19865,508,00071,62025,90245,71813.04.78.31.367
19875,551,00069,95826,91643,04212.64.87.81.311
19885,592,00075,41227,65947,75313.44.98.51.400
19895,641,00069,62128,74540,87612.35.17.21.296
19905,704,00067,73129,13638,59512.05.16.91.272
19915,786,00068,28128,42939,85212.04.97.11.281
19925,884,00070,94930,55040,39912.35.27.11.347
19935,992,00070,45130,57139,88012.05.16.91.342
19946,101,00071,64629,90541,74111.94.97.01.355
19956,206,00068,63731,46837,16911.25.16.11.295
19966,304,00063,29132,17631,1159.95.14.81.191
19976,492,00059,25031,73827,5129.14.94.21.127
19986,550,00052,97732,84720,1308.15.03.11.016
19996,611,00051,28133,25518,0267.85.02.70.981
20006,675,00054,13433,75820,3768.15.13.11.032
20016,721,00048,21933,37814,8417.25.02.20.931
20026,728,00048,20934,26713,9427.15.12.00.941
20036,745,00046,96536,9719,9947.05.51.50.901
20046,781,00049,79636,91812,8787.35.41.90.922
20056,818,00057,09838,83018,2688.45.72.70.959
20066,871,00065,62637,45728,1699.65.54.10.984
20076,921,00070,87539,47631,39910.25.74.51.028
20086,951,00078,82241,79637,02611.36.05.31.064
20096,980,00082,09541,17540,92011.85.95.91.055
20107,024,00088,58442,19446,39012.66.06.61.127
20117,072,00095,45142,34653,10513.55.97.61.204
20127,155,00091,55843,91747,64112.86.16.71.285
20137,187,00057,08443,39713,6877.96.01.91.125
20147,242,00062,30545,08717,2188.66.22.41.235
20157,306,00059,87846,10813,7708.26.31.91.196
20167,337,00060,85646,90513,9518.36.41.91.205
20177,410,00056,54846,8299,7197.76.31.41.125
20187,451,00053,71647,4006,3167.26.30.91.080
20197,507,40052,85648,9573,8997.06.50.51.064
20207,481,80043,03150,666-7,6355.86.8-1.00.883
20217,413,10036,95351,354-14,4015.06.9-1.90.772
20227,346,10032,51262,100-29,4884.48.4-4.00.701
20237,498,10033,28856,776-23,4884.47.6-3.20.751

Infant mortality rate

According to The World Factbook in 2013, the infant mortality rate in Hong Kong was 2.89 deaths/1,000 live births.

Life expectancy

According to The World Factbook in 2013, the average life expectancy for the total population was 82.2 years; 79.47 years for males and 85.14 years for females.

Hong Kong is the territory with the world's highest life expectancy according to the United Nations.

PeriodLife expectancy in
Years		PeriodLife expectancy in
Years
1950–195563.11985–199077.0
1955–196065.91990–199578.1
1960–196568.81995–200080.0
1965–197070.92000–200581.4
1970–197572.52005–201082.4
1975–198073.72010–201583.4
1980–198575.6

Source: UN World Population Prospects [44]

Marriage and fertility

According to The World Factbook in 2006, the average marriage age in Hong Kong was 30 years for males and 27 years for females, and the population was subdivided into the following categories:

Marital status

Married: 57.8% (3,423,995)
Never married: 32% (1,920,522)
Divorced: 3.2% (189,563)
Separated: 0.6% (34,722)

Fertility rate

0.68 (2022) [ citation needed ]

Religion

Religion in Hong Kong (2016) [45]

   No religion (54.3%)
  Organised Buddhism and Taoism (27.9%)
   Protestantism (6.7%)
   Catholicism (5.3%)
   Islam (4.2%)
   Hinduism (1.4%)
   Sikhism (0.2%)
The Tian Tan Buddha on Lantau Island. Hong Kong Budha.jpg
The Tian Tan Buddha on Lantau Island.
People honouring gods in a dajiao celebration, the Cheung Chau Bun Festival. DaJiuFestival.jpg
People honouring gods in a dajiao celebration, the Cheung Chau Bun Festival.

Over half of all people (56.1% as of 2010) are not religious. [46] Religious people in Hong Kong follow a diverse range of religions, among which Taoist and Buddhist (specifically Chinese Buddhism) faiths are common for people of Chinese descent.

Confucian beliefs are popular in Hong Kong, but it is arguable whether Confucianism can be considered as a religion. [47] As such, Confucianism is excluded in some studies. [46]

The Christian beliefs of Protestantism(with 900,000 members) and Catholicism (401,000 members) are also common, as well as non-organised Chinese folk religions, whose followers may state that they are not religious.

Traditional religions including Chinese Buddhism were discouraged under British rule, which officially represented Christianity. [48] The handover of sovereignty from Britain to China has led to a resurgence of Buddhist and Chinese religions. [48]

Estimated number of adherents in Hong Kong by religion [49] [50]
Region20082009201020112012201320162021
Buddhists> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million
Taoists≈ 1 million≈ 1 million≈ 1 million≈ 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million> 1 million
Protestant320,000320,000480,000480,000480,000≈ 500,000500,000500,000
Catholics350,000350,000353,000363,000363,000368,000384,000401,000
Muslims220,000220,000220,000220,000270,000300,000300,000300,000
Hindu40,00040,00040,00040,00040,00040,000100,000100,000
Sikhs10,00010,00010,00010,00010,00010,00012,00012,000

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Angola</span>

Demographic features of the population of Angola include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Antigua and Barbuda</span> National demographics

This article is a demography of the population of Antigua and Barbuda including population density, ethnicity, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Cambodia</span> Population analysis

Demographic features of the population of Cambodia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Indonesia</span>

The population of Indonesia was 270.20 million according to the 2020 national census, an increase from 237.64 million in 2010. The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 275,773,800, increasing at a rate of 1.17% per year. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Approximately 55% of Indonesia's population resides on Java, which is the most populous island in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Iraq</span>

The Iraqi people are people originating from the country of Iraq.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Laos</span>

Laos is a country in Southeast Asia. The country's population was estimated at about 7.43 million in 2021, dispersed unevenly across the country. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. Vientiane Prefecture, which includes Vientiane, the capital and largest city of the country, had 820,924 residents as of the 2015 census. The country's population density is 26.7/km2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Lesotho</span>

Demographic features of the population of Lesotho include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Macau</span> Demographics of region

Demographic features of the population of Macau include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Mauritius</span> Demographics of Mauritius

Mauritian society incorporates several ethnic and multi-ethnic groups. A majority of the republic's residents are descendants of people from India. Mauritius also comprises migrants from continental Africa, China, France, and the East African island of Madagascar. As of 2023, Mauritius now has the highest population density in Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Myanmar</span> Demographic characteristics of Myanmar

This is a demography of Myanmar including statistics such as population, ethnicity, language, education level, and religious affiliations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Nepal</span>

The current population of Nepal is 29,164,578 as per the 2021 census. The population growth rate is 0.92% per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of China</span> Aspect of human geography in China

China is the second most populous country in Asia as well as the second most populous country in the world, with a population of 1.409 billion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Paraguay</span>

Demographic features of the population of Paraguay include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Romania</span>

Demographic features of the population of Romania include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Sri Lanka</span>

This is a demography of the population of Sri Lanka including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the population, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Fiji</span>

The demographic characteristics of the population of Fiji are known through censuses, usually conducted in ten-year intervals, and has been analysed by statistical bureaus since the 1880s. The Fijian Bureau of Statistics (FBOS) has performed this task since 1996, the first enumerated Fiji census when an independent country. The 2017 census found that the permanent population of Fiji was 884,887, compared to 837,271 in the 2007 census. The population density at the time in 2007 was 45.8 inhabitants per square kilometre, and the overall life expectancy in Fiji was 67 years. Since the 1930s the population of Fiji has increased at a rate of 1.1% per year. Since the 1950s, Fiji's birth rate has continuously exceeded its death rate. The population is dominated by the 15–64 age segment. The median age of the population was 27.9, and the gender ratio of the total population was 1.03 males per 1 female.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Australia</span>

The population of Australia is estimated to be 27,131,700 as of 9 April 2024. Australia is the 56th most populous country in the world and the most populous Oceanian country. Its population is concentrated mainly in urban areas, particularly on the Eastern, South Eastern and Southern seaboards, and is expected to exceed 30 million by 2029.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Bhutan</span>

This is a demography of the population of Bhutan including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Hongkongers, Hong Kongers, Hong Kongese, Hongkongese, Hong Kong citizens and Hong Kong people are demonyms that refer to the resident of Hong Kong, although they may also refer to others who were born and/or raised in the territory.

Pakistanis in Hong Kong are an ethnic minority in Hong Kong. According to Home Affairs Department, there are 24,385 Pakistani people live in Hong Kong constituting 4% of the population based on the 2021 census. According to the 2016 Official Census this population was then 18,094. In the 2011 census, 17,253 people were Pakistani nationals, and the number decreased to 15,234 in the 2016 census

References

  1. ↑ "Hong Kong". 21 February 2024.
  2. 1 2 "Population – Overview | Census and Statistics Department". Government of Hong Kong. Archived from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  3. ↑ glenday, craig (2013). Guinness World Records. Guinness World Records Limited. pp.  121. ISBN   9781908843159.
  4. 1 2 2016 Population By-census – Summary Results (Report). Census and Statistics Department. February 2016. p. 37. Archived from the original on 20 November 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
  5. ↑ "Race Relations Unit - Demographics". www.had.gov.hk. Archived from the original on 4 November 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
  6. ↑ Poon Angela and Jenny Wong, Struggling for Democracy Under China: The Implications of a Politicised 'Hongkongese' Identity http://www.civic-exchange.org/publications/Intern/2004-JennyandAngela.pdf Archived 7 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ↑ Sidney Cheung, Hong Kong Handover http://www.umich.edu/~iinet/journal/vol5no1/sidney2.html Archived 21 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ↑ Census of Hongkong (PDF) (Report). Hongkong Register Office. 31 December 1853. p. 89 – via University of Hong Kong.
  9. ↑ Hong Kong Statistics 1947–1967 (PDF) (Report). Census and Statistics Department. 1969. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  10. ↑
  11. ↑ June 2018. Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics (Report). Census and Statistics Department. June 2018. p. 4.[ permanent dead link ]
  12. 1 2 3 Fan, Shuh Ching (1974). "The Population of Hong Kong" (PDF). World Population Year: 1–2. OCLC   438716102. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  13. ↑ Census of England and Wales, 1871 (Report). Parliament of the United Kingdom. 30 July 1873. p. 322. Archived from the original on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018– via Google Books.
  14. 1 2 "Main Tables". Archived from the original on 20 November 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
  15. ↑ 2021 Population Census: Summary Results (PDF) (Report). February 2022. p. 43. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  16. ↑ Kelly, Margaret. Fodor's China. Fodor's Travel Publications, 2011. ISBN   0307480534, 9780307480538. p. 392.
  17. ↑ Ng Lun, Ngai-ha. In: Ring, Trudy, Robert M. Salkin, Sharon La Boda (editors). International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania (Volume 5 of International Dictionary of Historic Places, Trudy Ring, ISBN   1884964052, 9781884964053). Taylor & Francis, 1996. ISBN   1884964044, 9781884964046. p. 358.
  18. ↑ Hu-DeHart, Evelyn (2006). Voluntary organizations in the Chinese Diaspora. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 122–125. ISBN   978-962-209-776-6.
  19. ↑ Bauer, Robert Stuart (1984). "The Hong Kong cantonese speech community - Persée". Cahiers de Linguistique - Asie Orientale. 13 (1): 57–90. doi:10.3406/clao.1984.1144.
  20. ↑ Ng Sek Hong (2010). Labour Law in Hong Kong. Kluwer Law International. p. 19. ISBN   978-90-411-3307-6.
  21. ↑ Melvin Ember; Carol R. Ember; Ian Skoggard, eds. (2005). Encyclopedia of diasporas: immigrant and refugee cultures around the world. Diaspora communities. Vol. 2. Springer. pp. 94–95. ISBN   978-0-306-48321-9.
  22. ↑ 2011 Population Census – Summary Results (PDF) (Report). Census and Statistics Department. February 2012. p. 37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  23. ↑ "Thematic Report : Ethnic Minorities" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  24. ↑ "Immigration Autonomy". Immigration Department Annual Report 2009-2010. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  25. ↑ "Statistical Product". www.censtatd.gov.hk. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  26. ↑ Zheng, Mandy; Rachel Leung (17 January 2018). "Chinese woman threatens to sue another accused of throwing her dog out 6th floor window". South China Morning Post . Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  27. ↑ Sun, Fiona (27 June 2020). "Black lives matter in Hong Kong too: African migrants say racism leaves them feeling alienated, shunned". South China Morning Post . Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  28. ↑ Lee, Chermaine; Miguel Candela (2 August 2020). "What it's like to be black and African in Hong Kong: 'there is racism literally in every corner'". Post Magazine . Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  29. ↑ "Goodbye 'Little Thailand' in Hong Kong?". Bangkok Post . South China Morning Post. 6 June 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  30. 1 2 3 "2021 Population Census" . Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  31. ↑ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  32. ↑ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  33. 1 2 "Hong Kong". Central Intelligence Agency. 16 May 2023 – via CIA.gov.
  34. ↑ HK Census. "HK Census Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine ." Statistical Table of population. Retrieved on 16 March 2007.
  35. ↑ "Hong Kong 1991 Population Census - Main tables" (PDF). Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong. 1991. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  36. ↑ "1996 Population By-census - Main Report" (PDF). Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong. 1996. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  37. ↑ "2001 Population Census - Main report" (PDF). Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong. 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Main Tables | 2016 Population By-census". www.bycensus2016.gov.hk. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  39. ↑ "Statistics - By Subject". www.censtatd.gov.hk.
  40. ↑ B.R. Mitchell. International historical statistics 1750–2005: Africa, Asia and Oceania
  41. ↑ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  42. ↑ "The fertility trend in Hong Kong 1981–2009". Archived from the original on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
  43. ↑ "Death Rates by Leading Causes of Death, 2001 — 2022". Centre for Health Protection. 20 July 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  44. ↑ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
  45. ↑ "CIA – The World Factbook – Hong Kong". Cia.gov. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  46. 1 2 Pew Research Center's Forum on Religion & Public Life (2012). The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010 (PDF). Pew Research Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 March 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  47. ↑ Berling, Judith A. (1982). "Confucianism". Focus on Asian Studies. 2 (1): 5–7. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  48. 1 2 Chan, Shun-hing. Leung, Beatrice. [2003] (2003). Changing Church and State Relations in Hong Kong, 1950–2000. Hong Kong: HK university press. Page 24. ISBN   962-209-612-3
  49. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  50. ↑ "Religion and Custom" (PDF). Retrieved 8 May 2023.

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.