The Chinese Communist Party (CCP),officially the Communist Party of China (CPC),is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong,the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang. In 1949,Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Since then,the CCP has governed China and has had sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Successive leaders of the CCP have added their own theories to the party's constitution,which outlines the party's ideology,collectively referred to as socialism with Chinese characteristics. As of 2024,the CCP has more than 99 million members,making it the second largest political party by membership in the world after India's Bharatiya Janata Party.
The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is a political advisory body in the People's Republic of China and a central part of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s united front system. Its members advise and put proposals for political and social issues to government bodies. However,the CPPCC is a body without real legislative power. While consultation does take place,it is supervised and directed by the CCP.
The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang,commonly abbreviated in Chinese as Minge (民革),is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
Ideological debate over democracy in China has existed in Chinese politics since the 19th century. Chinese scholars,thinkers,and policy-makers have debated about democracy,an idea which was first imported by Western colonial powers but which some argue also has connections to classic Chinese thinking. Starting in the mid-eighteenth century,many Chinese argued about how to deal with Western culture. Though Chinese Confucians were initially opposed to Western modes of thinking,it became clear that aspects of the West were appealing. Industrialization gave the West an economic and military advantage. The Qing dynasty's defeats in the Opium Wars compelled a segment of Chinese politicians and intellectuals to rethink their notion of cultural and political superiority.
The China National Democratic Construction Association (CNDCA),also known by its Chinese abbreviation Minjian (民建),is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
The Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party (CPWDP) is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
The China Association for Promoting Democracy (CAPD) is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
The China Zhi Gong Party is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League (TDSL),also known by its Chinese abbreviation Taimeng,is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
In Marxist theory,a new democratic society will arise through the organised actions of an international working class,enfranchising the entire population and freeing up humans to act without being bound by the labour market. There would be little,if any,need for a state,the goal of which was to enforce the alienation of labor;as such,the state would eventually wither away as its conditions of existence disappear. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels stated in The Communist Manifesto and later works that "the first step in the revolution by the working class,is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling class,to win the battle of democracy" and universal suffrage,being "one of the first and most important tasks of the militant proletariat". As Marx wrote in his Critique of the Gotha Program,"between capitalist and communist society there lies the period of the revolutionary transformation of the one into the other. Corresponding to this is also a political transition period in which the state can be nothing but the revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat". He allowed for the possibility of peaceful transition in some countries with strong democratic institutional structures,but suggested that in other countries in which workers can not "attain their goal by peaceful means" the "lever of our revolution must be force",stating that the working people had the right to revolt if they were denied political expression. In response to the question "What will be the course of this revolution?" in Principles of Communism,Friedrich Engels wrote:
Above all,it will establish a democratic constitution,and through this,the direct or indirect dominance of the proletariat.
In the history of political parties in China,the first major party in China was the Kuomintang (KMT),which moved to Taiwan in 1949. It was founded in the Republic of Hawaii on November 24,1894,before being reorganized at Guangdong Province on August 25,1912,from a union of several revolutionary groups. The Republic of China was founded by Kuomintang's leader Sun Yat-sen later that year. In 1921,the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was founded by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao in Shanghai as a study society,and an informal political network.
The Young China Party (YCP),also known as the Chinese Youth Party (CYP),is a minor political party in Taiwan. It was one of the three legal political parties in Taiwan during the martial law period from 1949 to 1987,the other two being the Kuomintang and the China Democratic Socialist Party. The YCP was an important political party during the early history of the Republic of China,when its government was based on the mainland.
The history of the Chinese Communist Party began with its establishment in July 1921. A study group led by Peking University professors Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao to discuss Marxism,led to intellectuals officially founding the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in July 1921. In 1923,Sun Yat-sen invited the CCP to form a United Front,and to join his nationalist party,the Kuomintang (KMT),in Canton for training under representatives of the Communist International,the Soviet Union's international organization. The Soviet representatives reorganized both parties into Leninist parties. Rather than the loose organization that characterized the two parties until then,the Leninist party operated on the principle of democratic centralism,in which the collective leadership set standards for membership and an all-powerful Central Committee determined the party line,which all members must follow.
The Jiusan Society is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
The Communist Party of China (CPC) frames its ideology as Marxism–Leninism adapted to the historical context of China,often expressing it as socialism with Chinese characteristics. Major ideological contributions of the CPC's leadership are viewed as "Thought" or "Theory," with "Thought" carrying greater weight. Influential concepts include Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiaoping Theory,and Xi Jinping Thought. Other important concepts include the socialist market economy,Jiang Zemin's idea of the Three Represents,and Hu Jintao's Scientific Outlook on Development.
Ren Rong,formerly known as Ren Wuyun,was a Chinese general and politician.
Chu Tu'nan,a native of Wenshan,Yunnan,was a Chinese male politician,who served as a vice-chairperson of the Standing Committee of the 6th National People's Congress and the chairman of the China Democratic League.
The National Constituent Assembly was a constituent assembly in China,assembled for drafting the Constitution of the Republic of China. Meetings were convened in November and December 1946 at National Great Hall,Nanjing.
