Tongmenghui

Last updated
Tongmenghui of China
中國同盟會
Leader Sun Yat-sen
Song Jiaoren
Founded20 August 1905 (1905-08-20)
Dissolved25 August 1912 (1912-08-25)
Merger of Xingzhonghui
Huaxinghui
Guangfuhui
Succeeded by Kuomintang
Membershipc.50,000–100,000
Ideology Chinese nationalism
Han nationalism
Republicanism
Minsheng
Anti-Qing sentiment
Factions:
Chinese anarchism [1]
Political position Big tent
Colours  Blue
Advisory Council (1909)
5 / 200
Party flag
Naval Jack of the Republic of China.svg

Notes

  1. Variously translated as Chinese United League, United League, Chinese Revolutionary Alliance, Chinese Alliance, United Allegiance Society, 中國同盟會; zhōngguó tóngménghuì.

References

  1. Boorman (1968), p. 319.
  2. "The Manchu Qing Dynasty (1644–1911), Internal Threats". Countries Quest. Archived from the original on 16 September 2011. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  3. 1 2 計秋楓; 朱慶葆 (2001). Zhongguo jin dai shi中國近代史. Vol. 1. Chinese University Press. p.  468. ISBN   9789622019874.
  4. "虎战. 驼峰险. 乱世情" [Tiger war. Hump danger. Troubled times.](PDF). www.cnac.org (in Chinese).
  5. 尤列事略补述一. ifeng.com (in Chinese). Phoenix New Media.
  6. 张冬冬 (21 October 2011). (辛亥百年)探寻同德书报社百年坚守的"秘诀" [Xinhai Century: exploring the Tongmenhui publisher's hundred-year secret]. China News (in Chinese). Singapore. China News Service.
  7. Chan Chung, Rebecca; Chung, Deborah; Ng Wong, Cecilia (2012). Piloted to Serve.[ page needed ]
  8. "Piloted to Serve". Facebook.[ unreliable source? ]
  9. 1 2 3 Yang, Zhiyi (2023). Poetry, History, Memory: Wang Jingwei and China in Dark Times. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. ISBN   978-0-472-05650-7.
  10. Chan, Sue Meng (2013). Road to Revolution: Dr. Sun Yat Sen and His Comrades in Ipoh. Singapore. Singapore: Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall. p. 17. ISBN   9789810782092.
  11. Khoo & Lubis, Salma Nassution & Abdur-Razzaq (2005). Kinta Valley: Pioneering Malaysia's Modern Development. Areca Books. p. 231.
  12. Chan, Sue Meng (2013). Road to Revolution: Dr. Sun Yat Sen and His Comrades in Ipoh. Singapore: Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall. p. 10. ISBN   9789810782092.
  13. Allès, Elisabeth (September–October 2003). "Notes on some joking relationships between Hui and Han villages in Henan". China Perspectives. 2003 (49). doi: 10.4000/chinaperspectives.649 .
  14. 1 2 Zhang, Yufa (1985). Minguo chu nian de zheng dang民國初年的政黨. Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica.
  15. Sharman, Lyon (1968). Sun Yat-sen: His life and its meaning, a critical biography. Stanford: Stanford University Press. pp. 94, 271.
  16. Li Chien-Nung; Li Jiannong; Teng, Ssu-yu; Ingalls, Jeremy (1956). The political history of China, 1840–1928. Stanford University Press. pp. 203–206. ISBN   9780804706025.
Tongmenghui
Sun Yat Sen together with the members of the Singapore Branch of Tongmen Hui.png