Chinese | 城市群 |
---|---|
Literal meaning | City Group |
Hanyu Pinyin | Chéngshì Qún |
Jyutping | Sing4 Si5 Kwan4 |
In China,a megalopolis (Chinese :城市群; pinyin :ChéngshìQún) [1] is a designation by the government to promote the development of a group of cities through transportation and communication links.
The Economist Intelligence Unit in 2012 identified 13 megalopolises:Chang-Zhu-Tan (Greater Changsha),Chengdu,Chongqing,Greater Beijing i.e. Jing-Jin-Ji,Greater Shanghai (incl. Suzhou),Greater Xi'an,Greater Zhengzhou,Greater Guangzhou,Hefei economic circle (incl. Lu'an,Huainan,Chaohu),Shandong Peninsula,Greater Shenyang,Shenzhen and Wuhan. [2]
As of 2018,there are nine officially approved megalopolises in China. In 2017,the National Development and Reform Commission stated that plans for six city clusters had been completed in 2016,five in 2017,with eight more forthcoming for a total of 19 city cluster plans by 2020.[ needs update ] The new city clusters identified in 2017 were Lanzhou-Xining,Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin,Guanzhong Plain,Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone,and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area. [3]
The Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (covering 2016-2020) highlighted nineteen city clusters to be developed and strengthened pursuant to a geographic layout referred to as two horizontals and three verticals (liang heng san zong). [4] : 206 The highlighted clusters included the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the Yangtze River delta region,and the Greater Bay area. [4] : 206 Development of these clusters includes establishing regional coordination mechanisms,sharing development costs and benefits,collaborative industrial development,and shared governance approaches to ecological issues and environmental protection. [4] : 208
Hohhot, formerly known as Kweisui, is the capital of Inner Mongolia in the north of the People's Republic of China, serving as the region's administrative, economic and cultural center. Its population was 3,446,100 inhabitants as of the 2020 census, of whom 2,944,889 lived in the metropolitan area consisting of 4 urban districts plus the Tümed Left Banner.
The Yangtze Delta or Yangtze River Delta, once known as the Shanghai Economic Zone, is a megalopolis generally comprising the Wu-speaking areas of Shanghai, southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, southern Anhui. The area lies in the heart of the Jiangnan region, where the Yangtze drains into the East China Sea. Historically the fertile delta fed much of China’s population, and cities and commerce flourished. Today, it is one of China’s most important metropolitan area and is home to China’s financial center, tourist destination and hub for manufacture ranging from textile to car-making. In 2021, the Yangtze Delta had a GDP of approximately US$4.3 trillion, about the same size as Japan.
Huainan is a prefecture-level city with 3,033,528 inhabitants as of the 2020 census in north-central Anhui province, China. It is named for the Han-era Principality of Huainan. It borders the provincial capital of Hefei to the south, Lu'an to the southwest, Fuyang to the west, Bozhou to the northwest, Bengbu to the northeast and Chuzhou to the east. Huainan is one of the core cities of Hefei Metropolitan Circle and is known for its coal industry and thermal power plants. Its built-up area made of 4 urban districts and Fengtai County largely being urbanized, was home to 1,868,944 inhabitants as of 2020. Its city flower is the Chinese rose and its city tree is the Old-World Plane Tree. It is also considered to be the hometown and birthplace of tofu.
A megalopolis or a supercity, also called a megaregion, is a group of metropolitan areas which are perceived as a continuous urban area through common systems of transport, economy, resources, ecology, and so on. They are integrated enough that coordinating policy is valuable, although the constituent metropolises keep their individual identities. The megalopolis concept has become highly influential as it introduced a new, larger scale thinking about urban patterns and growth.
The National Economic and Technological Development Zones are the special areas of the People's Republic of China where foreign direct investment is encouraged. They are usually called the "Economic and Technological Development Zones" or simply the "Development Zones".
Urban Planning in China is currently characterized by a top-down approach, high density urban development and extensive urbanization. China's urban planning philosophies and practices have undergone multiple transitions due to governance and economic structure changes throughout the nation's extensive history. The founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 marks the beginning of three recent historical stages of urban planning philosophies and practice which represent a divergence from traditional Chinese urban planning morphologies and are broadly categorized as socialist, hybrid and global cities.
In China, a national central city (国家中心城市) is a modern metropolis with regional, national, and international importance. There are nine national central cities: Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, and Zhengzhou.
Changzhutan or Chang-Zhu-Tan, also Greater Changsha Metropolitan Region or Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Cluster is a city cluster in Hunan province, China, consisting of the provincial capital, Changsha and two other prefecture-level cities: Xiangtan and Zhuzhou; it is the main heavily urbanized region of Hunan and covers an area of 28,087 km2 (10,844 sq mi).
Dongguan Rail Transit or Dongguan Metro is the rapid transit system of the city of Dongguan in Guangdong Province of China. It is operated by the state-owned Dongguan Rail Transit Corporation.
Longgan Lake is a freshwater lake in central China, divided between Susong County of Anhui Province and Huangmei County at the eastern extremity of Hubei Province. The lake is situated near the north bank of the middle reaches of Yangtze River, opposite Poyang Lake. The lake was named Longgan Lake in a 1955 decision which combined the names of two former lakes, Long Lake (龙湖) and Gan Lake (感湖).
Central Plains Metropolitan Region intercity railway system is a network of 14 regional high-speed railways radiating or surrounding the city of Zhengzhou, Henan province, China. It is a plan for the gradual implementation of a regional rail system across the province. The system involves Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Xuchang, Pingdingshan, Luohe and Jiyuan, it aims to form a convenient, fast, safe and efficient intercity rail transportation network. In September 2009, the National Development and Reform Commission produced the "Central Plains Metropolitan Intercity Rail Transit Network Plan (2009–2020)", calling for the planning and construction of approximately 496 km of the total mileage across the regional high speed transit network. The vision is for greater transport opportunities and ultimately the formation of Zhengzhou as the urban centre, with Luoyang as a secondary urban centre, after connecting the major urban areas in the Central Plains urban agglomeration.
Line 22 (Pinggu line) of the Beijing Subway is a rapid transit line under construction in Beijing and Hebei Province.
Shanghai Suburban Railway (上海市域铁路) is a network of regional railways radiating or surrounding the city of Shanghai, China. It is a plan for the gradual implementation of a regional rail system across the metropolitan area. The system will eventually connect with Jiangsu Yangtze MIR and Hangzhou Greater Bay Area network.
The Ministry of Natural Resources is an executive-department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China which is responsible for natural resources in the country. It is the 14th-ranking department of the State Council.
A sponge city is a new urban planning model in China that emphasizes flood management via strengthening green infrastructures instead of purely relying on drainage systems, proposed by Chinese researchers in early 2000 and accepted by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the State Council as nationwide urban construction policy in 2014. The concept of sponge cities is that urban flooding, water shortage, and heat island effect can be alleviated by having more urban parks, gardens, green spaces, wetlands, nature strips, and permeable pavings, which will both improve ecological biodiversity for urban wildlife and reduce flash floods by serving as reservoirs for capturing, retaining, and absorbing excess storm water. Harvested rainwater can be repurposed for irrigation and treated for home use if needed. It is a form of a sustainable drainage system on an urban scale and beyond.
Xicheng Rail Transit Line S1, also known as Wuxi Metro Line S1, Wuxi to Jiangyin Intercity Rail Transit, or Xichengjing Intercity, is a line connecting and Wuxi urban area and Jiangyin, as part of the Jiangsu Yangtze Metropolitan Belt intercity railway. It officially began operations on 31 January 2024.
Shuqian Lu station is a planned station of Line 10 of Guangzhou Metro. It is planned to be built underground on the north side of Miaoqianzhi Street in Yuexiu District, near Dongshankou station. Due to the lack of transparency of the planning process and the site selection of Dongshan, the historical core area of Guangzhou, this site has caused controversy and attracted much attention.
Territorial spatial planning is the spatial planning system of the People's Republic of China which, according to its official definition, serves as the guide of the country's territory's development, the blueprint of sustainable development, as well as the fundamental basis of all kinds of development. Territorial spatial planning is an "all-in-one" planning encompassing former major function zone planning, land-use planning, urban and rural planning, as well as other different types of spatial planning.
Central Yunnan refers to the region of Yunnan province, China, consisting of Kunming, Dali, Chuxiong, Yuxi, and 7 counties of northern Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture. It accounts for 44.1% of Yunnan's population, and 61.6% of the province's GDP.
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