Nanyang 南阳市 | |
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Nickname: Wan ( 宛 ) | |
Location on the North China Plain | |
Coordinates(Nanyang municipal government): 32°59′25″N112°31′43″E / 32.9902°N 112.5285°E | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Henan |
County-level divisions | 2 districts 10 counties |
Municipal seat | Wolong District |
Government | |
• Mayor | Huo Haosheng |
Area | |
• Prefecture-level city | 26,591 km2 (10,267 sq mi) |
• Urban | 1,988 km2 (768 sq mi) |
• Rural | 24,521 km2 (9,468 sq mi) |
• Metro | 1,988 km2 (768 sq mi) |
Dimensions | |
• Length | 263 km (163 mi) |
• Width | 168 km (104 mi) |
Elevation | 131 m (430 ft) |
Highest elevation | 2,212.5 m (7,258.9 ft) |
Lowest elevation | 72.2 m (236.9 ft) |
Population (2020 census) [2] | |
• Prefecture-level city | 9,713,112 |
• Density | 370/km2 (950/sq mi) |
• Urban | 2,085,680 |
• Urban density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
• Rural | 7,627,432 |
• Rural density | 310/km2 (810/sq mi) |
• Metro | 2,085,680 |
• Metro density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
GDP [3] [4] | |
• Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 311.5 billion US$ 46.9 billion |
• Per capita | CN¥ 31,010 US$ 4,669 |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Postal code | 473000 |
Area code | 0377 |
ISO 3166 code | CN-HA-13 |
Major Nationalities | Han |
License plate prefixes | 豫R |
Maidenhead locator or QTH grid square | OM62GX - OM63GA |
City Flowers | Chrysanthemum&China Rose |
Website | www |
Nanyang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Henan province, China. The city with the largest administrative area in Henan, Nanyang borders Xinyang to the southeast, Zhumadian to the east, Pingdingshan to the northeast, Luoyang to the north, Sanmenxia to the northwest, the province of Shaanxi to the west, and the province of Hubei to the south.
Dinosaur egg fossils have been discovered in the Nanyang Basin.
The 35,000 capacity Nanyang Sports Centre Stadium is the main (football) venue in the city.
In the name "Nanyang" (simplified Chinese : 南阳 ; traditional Chinese : 南陽 ; pinyin :Nányáng), Nan ( 南 ) means south, and Yang ( 阳 /陽) means sun—the south side of a mountain, or the north side of a river, in Chinese is called Yang. The name came from Nanyang Commandery, a commandery established in the region during the Warring States period. Before the name "Nanyang" became associated with the city itself, it was referred to as "Wan" ( 宛 ).
550,000 years ago, Nanzhao Man inhabited near Xinghuashan, Nanzhao. [5] Between 5,000 BCE and 3,000 BCE, a substantial Neolithic settlement thrived in Huangshan, situated north of Nanyang. Excavations of the Huangshan ruins have uncovered remnants of jade workshops, high-level tombs, wharves, and granaries. [6] The Huangshan Archeological Site provided insight into the formation of [[History of China|Chinese civilization]. Nanyang was the capital of the state of Shen in the first millennium BCE. It became commercially important under the Han dynasty, as it had many iron foundries and other manufacturing sites, and also fell at the convergence of routes between major cities. It's an important city of the Silk Road. [7] [8] Emperor Gengshi's enthronement took place on the banks of the Bai River in Nanyang. Later, with the help of the 28 generals of the Cloud Terrace and the financial support of Nanyang, Liu Xiu successfully ascended to power and established the Eastern Han Dynasty. Nanyang became the southern capital, ranking as the second largest city after Luoyang, the capital. During that time, Nanyang was home to numerous influential families. Nanyang subsequently declined somewhat in importance, but remained a political and cultural center of southwestern Henan province and a hub for trade. [9]
Nanyang is located in southwestern Henan, bordering Hubei (Xiangyang, Shiyan, and Suizhou) to the south, Shaanxi (Shangluo) to the west and the following prefecture-level cities in Henan:
The latitude of the entire prefecture ranges from 32° 17' to 33° 48' N, while the longitude ranges from 110° 58' to 113° 49' E, and the prefecture spans 26,600 square kilometres (10,300 sq mi). The city lies within the Nanyang Basin, which is part of a region in Central China that lies in the gap between the eastern end of the Qin Mountains and the source of the Huai River. Thus, using those two geographic features as the standard dividing line, it is difficult to classify the city into northern or southern China.
To the north of Nanyang city proper, there is a mountain called Mount Du, which is famous for the Dushan jade, one of the four famous jades of China, now a rarity. To the southwest is Neixiang County with the newly developing Baotianman Biosphere Reserve—an area of high biodiversity, with 65 rare and endangered species.
The climate is generally moderate and is a four-season humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with strong monsoon influences: winters are cool but dry, and summers are hot and humid. Spring and autumn provide transitions of reasonable length. The monthly daily average temperature in January is 1.6 °C (34.9 °F) and in July it is 27.0 °C (80.6 °F); the annual mean is 15.2 °C (59.4 °F). More than half the annual rainfall occurs from June to August.
Climate data for Nanyang (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 20.5 (68.9) | 22.8 (73.0) | 29.0 (84.2) | 33.2 (91.8) | 38.9 (102.0) | 41.4 (106.5) | 39.7 (103.5) | 39.0 (102.2) | 39.0 (102.2) | 32.9 (91.2) | 28.5 (83.3) | 21.4 (70.5) | 41.4 (106.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.7 (44.1) | 10.4 (50.7) | 15.5 (59.9) | 22.0 (71.6) | 27.4 (81.3) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 30.9 (87.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 22.0 (71.6) | 15.0 (59.0) | 8.9 (48.0) | 20.7 (69.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) | 5.0 (41.0) | 10.1 (50.2) | 16.4 (61.5) | 21.8 (71.2) | 25.9 (78.6) | 27.4 (81.3) | 26.4 (79.5) | 22.0 (71.6) | 16.5 (61.7) | 9.6 (49.3) | 3.8 (38.8) | 15.6 (60.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) | 0.7 (33.3) | 5.5 (41.9) | 11.3 (52.3) | 16.6 (61.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 23.8 (74.8) | 22.9 (73.2) | 18.1 (64.6) | 12.2 (54.0) | 5.5 (41.9) | −0.1 (31.8) | 11.3 (52.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −12.8 (9.0) | −13.9 (7.0) | −6.5 (20.3) | −0.4 (31.3) | 5.0 (41.0) | 11.8 (53.2) | 17.2 (63.0) | 14.0 (57.2) | 7.9 (46.2) | −1.2 (29.8) | −6.2 (20.8) | −17.5 (0.5) | −17.5 (0.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.0 (0.51) | 14.9 (0.59) | 31.3 (1.23) | 47.8 (1.88) | 81.9 (3.22) | 119.8 (4.72) | 181.4 (7.14) | 128.3 (5.05) | 78.2 (3.08) | 50.0 (1.97) | 34.7 (1.37) | 11.2 (0.44) | 792.5 (31.2) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.5 | 5.8 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 8.7 | 9.4 | 11.7 | 10.8 | 9.3 | 8.0 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 93.8 |
Average snowy days | 4.3 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 2.6 | 12.3 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 67 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 65 | 68 | 78 | 78 | 75 | 71 | 72 | 68 | 70 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 100.2 | 114.5 | 148.3 | 179.2 | 183.5 | 168.7 | 170.7 | 177.2 | 144.3 | 142.0 | 122.5 | 114.7 | 1,765.8 |
Percent possible sunshine | 32 | 37 | 40 | 46 | 43 | 39 | 39 | 43 | 39 | 41 | 39 | 37 | 40 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration [10] [11] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather China [12] |
The whole city area has a population over 10.26 million, which is the twelfth prefecture-level city in China now. The built-up area has over 1.8 million people, which is the fifth largest city in Henan Province. About 1 million commute from the city, mainly to Zhengzhou, Guangdong province, Beijing and Shanghai. The majority of the province is Han; among the minority nationalities are the Hui people and Man people.
As of the 2020 Chinese census, Nanyang was home to 9,713,112 people, ranking nineteenth in China, and its built-up (or metro) area made of Wolong and Wancheng Districts was home to 2,085,680 people.
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Nanyang higher education already has a good foundation for development. Nanyang is a great city of education. It has a fine tradition of respecting teachers and teaching and educating students. It has taken the lead in proposing a strategy of science and education in the country. In particular, in recent years, the municipal party committee and the municipal government have attached great importance to education. The education industry in our city has developed vigorously and the face of higher education has undergone tremendous changes. There are 6 colleges and universities in the city, with nearly 90,000 students. All colleges and universities adhere to the Party's education policy, implement the fundamental tasks of Lide Shuren, and have achieved unprecedented achievements in personnel training, scientific research, social services, cultural heritage innovation and international exchanges and cooperation, which not only promotes the city's science and technology. Innovation, social progress and improvement of people's livelihood have also laid a good foundation for achieving a higher level of development at a new starting point.
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The prefecture-level city of Nanyang administers 2 districts, 1 county-level city and 10 counties.
Map |
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Nanyang is served by the following rail lines: Nanjing-Xi'an Railway, Jiaozuo-Liuzhou Railway, Haoji Railway, and Zhengzhou–Wanzhou high-speed railway.
Nanyang has three major railway stations: Nanyang railway station, Nanyang East railway station, and Nanyang West railway station. There are also several other small stations serving suburban areas. Direct train service is available to Beijing, Shenyang, and Harbin to the north; Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hangzhou to the east; Xining, Lanzhou, and Ürümqi to the west; and Guangzhou, Xiamen, Nanning, and Kunming to the south.
As of 2023, Nanyang has 898 km expressway, ranking the longest in Henan Province. The expressway is an important part of Nanyang's "One cross, three rings, and six radiations" plan. [19]
Nanyang Jiangying Airport is a civil aviation airport. It's 20 minutes from the urban area. Passengers can take flights to and from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Guilin.
There are also two avion airports.
Tanghe to Madian waterway is under construction; the project is expected to be completed by the end of 2024.
Nanyang Public Transportation Corporation has 1,005 buses (97.8% are clean energy buses), 44 bus lines (859.8 km), and 1,050 stations. [20]
As of 2023, a total of 1,500 taxis were in operation in Nanyang; all of them run on natural gas. [21] In addition, there are more than 1,790 app-taxis and 35.98% of them are powered by renewable energy. [22]
Dockless app based bikeshares such as DiDi Bike and Hellobike are also available. [23]
Nanyang has planned six light rail lines with a total track mileage of 134 km.
The official language of Nanyang is Mandarin Chinese, but most locals speak the Henan dialect, with its easily identifiable stereotypical features; this local dialect is known as Nanyang Hua (南阳话), and is spoken by about 15 million people in the area.
There is also a local form of Chinese opera called Wan Opera.
Kaifeng is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China. It is one of the Eight Ancient Capitals of China, having been the capital eight times in history, and is most known for having been the Chinese capital during the Northern Song dynasty.
Zhumadian is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province, China. It borders Xinyang to the south, Nanyang to the west, Pingdingshan to the northwest, Luohe to the north, Zhoukou to the northeast, and the province of Anhui to the east.
Jiyuan is a sub-prefecture-level city in northwestern Henan province, People's Republic of China. It borders the prefecture-level cities of Jiaozuo and Luoyang to the east and southwest respectively, as well as the province of Shanxi to the north.
Xinxiang is a prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, China.
Xuchang is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province in Central China. It is bordered by the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the northwest, Kaifeng to the northeast, Zhoukou to the east, Luohe to the southeast, and Pingdingshan to the southwest.
Luohe is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province, China. It is surrounded by the cities of Xuchang, Zhoukou, Zhumadian and Pingdingshan on its north, east, south and west respectively. Its population was 2,367,490 inhabitants at the 2020 Chinese census whom 1,326,687 lived in the built-up area made up of Yancheng, Shaoling and Yuanhui districts.
Sanmenxia is a prefecture-level city in the west of Henan Province, China. The westernmost prefecture-level city in Henan, Sanmenxia borders Luoyang to the east, Nanyang to the southeast, Shaanxi Province to the west and Shanxi Province to the north. The city lies on the south side of the Yellow River at the point where the river cuts through the Loess Plateau on its way to the North China Plain.
Jiaozuo is a prefecture-level city in the northwest of Henan province, China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yellow River, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the south, Xinxiang to the east, Jiyuan to the west, Luoyang to the southwest, and the province of Shanxi to the north. Jiaozuo is one of the core cities of the Central Plains urban agglomeration and a regional central city along the Shanxi–Henan border area.
Zhoukou is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, China. It borders Zhumadian to the southwest, Xuchang and Luohe to the west, Kaifeng to the northwest, Shangqiu to the northeast, and the province of Anhui on all other sides. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,026,015 inhabitants. However, as of the 2018 estimation, 1,601,300 lived in the built-up made up of Chuanhui district and the northern part of Shangshui county.
Xinyang is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China, the southernmost administrative division in the province. Its total population was 6,234,401 according to the 2020 census. As of the 2010 census, 1,230,042 of them lived in the built-up area made of two urban districts, Pingqiao and Shihe.
Dengzhou, formerly Deng County, is a city in Nanyang, Henan, China. It has an area of 2,294 km2 (886 sq mi) and a population of 1,500,000. The urban area is 35 km2, and the urban population is 300,000. The city is located in the southwest of Henan province, adjacent to the borders between Henan, Hubei and Shaanxi. It geometrically lies in the center of the triangle of Zhengzhou, Wuhan and Xi'an, with equal distance to any of these three cities.
Wolong District is a District in the center part of Nanyang, in the southwest of Henan province, People's Republic of China. It possesses a total area of 1,017 km2 (393 sq mi), and has a population of 930,000.
Xinye is one of the counties of Nanyang that lies in the southwest of Henan province, China. To the south lies the prefecture-level city of Xiangyang in Hubei province, to the east is Tanghe County and to the west is the county-level city of Dengzhou. Xinye county has a population of 730,000. Its total area is 1,062 km2 (410 sq mi).
Wancheng District is one of two districts of the city of Nanyang, in the southwest of Henan province, People's Republic of China.
Neixiang County is a county under the jurisdiction of Nanyang City, in the southwest of Henan province, China. It has an area of 2,465 km2 (952 sq mi) and a population of 610,000 as of 2002.
Xixia County is a county in the southwest of Henan province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the west. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nanyang, and has an area of 3,452 km2 (1,333 sq mi) and a population of 420,000 as of 2002.
Lushi County is a county under the jurisdiction of Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, the People's Republic of China. It is adjacent to Lingbao City in the north, Luoning County and Luanchuan County in the east, Xixia County in Nanyang City in the south, and Luonan County, Danfeng County and Shangnan County in Shaanxi Province in the west and southwest. It covers an area of 4,004 square kilometers and has a population of 317,232 in 2020. The county government is stationed in Chengguan Town. The county was established in 113 BC. It is the county with the largest area, the smallest population density and the highest average altitude in Henan Province, and it is also a provincial forest city in Henan Province.
Zhenping County is a county in the southwest of Henan province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nanyang.
Deng Prefecture was a prefecture in imperial China surrounding modern Dengzhou in Henan, China. It existed intermittently from 587 to 1913. The modern city Dengzhou, created in 1988, retains the name of its former seat.
The Luoyang–Lushi Expressway, designated as G3615 and commonly abbreviated as Luolu Expressway, is 137.3-kilometre (85.3 mi) long national expressway in Henan, China linking Luoyang and Lushi County. This expressway is a branch of the G36 Nanjing-Luoyang Expressway.