Puyang 濮阳市 | |
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Location on the North China Plain | |
Coordinates(Puyang municipal government): 35°45′46″N115°01′45″E / 35.7627°N 115.0292°E | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Henan |
Municipal seat | Hualong District |
Government | |
• Party Secretary | He Xiong (何雄) |
• Mayor | Zhao Ruidong (赵瑞东) |
Area | |
• Prefecture-level city | 4,188 km2 (1,617 sq mi) |
• Urban | 310 km2 (120 sq mi) |
• Metro | 2,520 km2 (970 sq mi) |
Population (2020 census) [2] | |
• Prefecture-level city | 3,772,088 |
• Density | 900/km2 (2,300/sq mi) |
• Urban | 963,512 |
• Urban density | 3,100/km2 (8,000/sq mi) |
• Metro | 2,524,658 |
• Metro density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
GDP [3] [4] | |
• Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 145.0 billion US$ 21.8 billion |
• Per capita | CN¥ 40,059 US$ 6,031 |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Postal code | 457000 |
Area code | 0393 |
ISO 3166 code | CN-HA-09 |
Ethnicities | |
County-level divisions | 6 |
Township-level divisions | 89 |
Average Temperature | 13.7 °C (56.7 °F) |
License Plate Prefix | 豫J |
Website | puyang |
Puyang | |||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 濮阳 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 濮陽 | ||||||
Hanyu Pinyin | Púyáng | ||||||
Postal | Puyang | ||||||
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Puyang is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Henan province,People's Republic of China. Located on the northern shore of the Yellow River,it borders Anyang in the west,Xinxiang in the southwest,and the provinces of Shandong and Hebei in the east and north respectively.
As of the 2020 census,its total population was 3,772,088 and its built-up (or metro) area made of Hualong district,Puyang County and Qingfeng County largely being conurbated,was home to 2,524,658 inhabitants.
The prefecture-level city of Puyang administers 1 district and 5 counties.
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Affected by the south-east Asian monsoon circulation around the year and located in the mid-latitude region,the city has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate featuring clearly demarcated seasons. In spring,it is usually dry,windy and sandy. High temperatures and heavy rainfall mark the whole summer. In autumn there are plenty of sunny days as well as long periods of sunshine. In winter,it is characterized by less snow and rainfall. The adequate sunshine meets the needs for growing crops. The annual average temperature stands at 13.72 °C (56.7 °F);the extreme maximum is 43.1 °C (110 °F),while the extreme minimum is −21 °C (−6 °F)[ citation needed ]. The non-frost period lasts 205 days. The annual precipitation is around 502.3mm~601.3mm.
Climate data for Puyang (1991–2020 normals,extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) | 24.6 (76.3) | 28.4 (83.1) | 33.4 (92.1) | 36.6 (97.9) | 41.4 (106.5) | 41.0 (105.8) | 37.0 (98.6) | 36.8 (98.2) | 34.7 (94.5) | 27.0 (80.6) | 22.9 (73.2) | 41.4 (106.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) | 8.7 (47.7) | 14.9 (58.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 26.8 (80.2) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.9 (89.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 27.0 (80.6) | 21.4 (70.5) | 13.0 (55.4) | 6.3 (43.3) | 19.9 (67.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) | 2.7 (36.9) | 8.7 (47.7) | 15.1 (59.2) | 20.7 (69.3) | 25.7 (78.3) | 27.1 (80.8) | 25.7 (78.3) | 21.0 (69.8) | 14.9 (58.8) | 7.1 (44.8) | 0.9 (33.6) | 14.1 (57.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.0 (23.0) | −1.8 (28.8) | 3.5 (38.3) | 9.4 (48.9) | 15.0 (59.0) | 20.2 (68.4) | 23.2 (73.8) | 22.0 (71.6) | 16.5 (61.7) | 9.9 (49.8) | 2.5 (36.5) | −3.2 (26.2) | 9.4 (48.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −20.0 (−4.0) | −16.7 (1.9) | −8.5 (16.7) | −2.0 (28.4) | 3.8 (38.8) | 11.6 (52.9) | 16.1 (61.0) | 11.3 (52.3) | 4.1 (39.4) | −1.9 (28.6) | −18.4 (−1.1) | −15.8 (3.6) | −20.0 (−4.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 4.8 (0.19) | 9.3 (0.37) | 15.0 (0.59) | 30.7 (1.21) | 50.5 (1.99) | 68.5 (2.70) | 162.9 (6.41) | 117.5 (4.63) | 59.9 (2.36) | 30.1 (1.19) | 22.7 (0.89) | 5.7 (0.22) | 577.6 (22.75) |
Average precipitation days (≥0.1 mm) | 2.5 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 5.0 | 6.2 | 7.4 | 11.1 | 9.6 | 7.3 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 2.7 | 69.2 |
Average snowy days | 3.1 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 10.1 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 66 | 63 | 60 | 65 | 67 | 65 | 80 | 83 | 78 | 72 | 71 | 68 | 70 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 128.5 | 140.9 | 193.1 | 217.5 | 237.3 | 222.2 | 187.1 | 188.6 | 170.3 | 170.0 | 145.9 | 140.5 | 2,141.9 |
Percent possible sunshine | 41 | 45 | 52 | 55 | 54 | 51 | 42 | 46 | 46 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 48 |
Source:China Meteorological Administration [5] [6] |
The burial site of Yangshao culture features a depiction believed to be an ancient cosmogram depicting the round Heaven and the square Earth. [7]
Puyang abounds with its historical and cultural heritage,and is widely acclaimed as one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. The Classic of Poetry ,the earliest collection of verses in China,includes many poems that depict the countryside of Puyang. Famous historical figures from Puyang include Wu Qi,a military strategist,Shang Yang,a statesman,and LüBuwei,a great thinker.
During the Three Kingdoms era,Puyang served as Cao Cao's headquarters from 191 until 196 CE in Yan Province and served as the battlefield for the Battle of Yan Province from 194-195 CE. [8]
Puyang was a county of Daming Prefecture,Zhili province. In 1928,Zhili was abolished and Puyang was incorporated into Henan province.
In August 1949 Puyang was taken back from Henan and included in the experimental province Pingyuan. In November 1953 it was finally reinstated under the Henan administration.
In 1987 a historical relic,made up of a series of clams arranged in dragon patterns,was unearthed. The valuable discovery,which could be dated back to more than 6,400 years ago,had pushed forward the history of Chinese civilization for over 1,400 years,and therefore earned itself an international reputation of "the First Dragon of China". [9] The Chinese Yanhuang Culture Researching Association has accordingly named Puyang "the Hometown of Chinese Dragons”. Abundant heritage along with a long history has endowed Puyang with plenty of tourism resources,which is certainly of great investment value. Chinese scholars therefore regard Puyang as one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization.
Until the end of 2012,Puyang has 4 national cultural relics protection units:Qicheng Relics,Tangwu Gong Tablet,the former sites of the revolutionary armies which is including Yancunpu revolutionary site and Shanguai former revolutionary base;25 provincial cultural relics protection units:Xishuiipo Relics,Huiluan Tablet,the memorial site of the revolutionary armies crossing the river,Chengzhuang site,Tieqiu site,Mazhuang site,Xiancheng Relics,Sipai Pavilion (including the nearby folk houses),the tombstone of Wei's family,Puyang Christ church (including the former site of Huamei school),the Martyrs' Cemetery of Weihe county,the former headquarters of PLA,Balimiao Yellow River –controlling memorial (including the iron beast),Nanle Confucius temple,Kuaikui platform site,Cangjie mausoleum site,Danzhu Tomb,zilu Mausoleum,the headquarters site of the field army,the Puzhao Temple,Gaocheng Relics,Xiaqiu site,the anti-Japanese martyrs' shrine in Qingfeng county,the former administration site of Zhinan CPC,Puyang Catholic church. The key cultural relics protection units of city and county level have 201 sites.
The main tourist attractions in the city area are Zhongyuan Green Manor,Qicheng Relics,Pushang Park,Cangjie Tomb,Zhanghui Mausoleum,Emperor Shun's Palace,Huiluan Tablet,Imperial Well,Sipai Pavilion,the four street of Ming &Qing dynasties,the hometown of Emperor Shun,Yancunpu revolutionary site,Shanguai former revolutionary base,the museum of the Liu-Deng Army crossing Yellow River,Puyang Science and Technology Museum etc. In 1994,the line of Confucius traveling around the world 2500 years ago had been approved by China National Tourism Administration and State Administration of Cultural Heritage as the first Chinese tourism special line of cultural relics and historic sites,including Puyang Qicheng Relics,Zilu Tomb,Huiluan Tablet etc. After 1999,Puyang opened up another five special tourism lines. In 2005,puyang one-day red tour,two-day tour had been launched and the PLA sites tour containing Shanguai,Sunkou had been recommended by Henan Tourism Administration as a provincial red tourism line. After 2006,relying on the abundant history and culture resources and its morden city landscape,Puyang developed its tourism deeply and greatly. Till now,Puyang has successfully developed and created a series of tourist brands:the city scenery tour represented by the city squares,gardens and parks,and the water system;the ecological environment tour represented by Zhongyuan Green Manor and Pushang Park;the historical and cultural tour by Qicheng Relics and Cangjie Tomb;the Yellow River scenery tour by Maolou Ecological Tourism Zone;the surname &root seeking tour by Zhanghui Mausoleum and Emperor Shun's Palace;the leisure acrobatics tour by Dongbei village's original acrobatics and modern "Water show" acrobatics;the scientific knowledge tour by Puyang Science and Technology Museum,the efficient agriculture tour by Shijin Park;the classical red tour by Shanguai former revolutionary base and the museum of the Liu-Deng Army crossing the Yellow River;and the modern industry tour by Zhongyuan Oilfield,Zhongyuan Ethylene Plant and Zhongyuan Dahua Group Ltd. etc.
Puyang is a petrol-chemical city. The major mineral resources include petroleum,natural gas,coal,etc. especially rich reserve of high-quality petroleum and natural gas. As an important national petrol-chemical energy base,large-sized enterprises such as Zhongyuan Oilfield,China Petroleum &Chemical Corporation,Zhongyuan Dahua Group and so on have been established there. The petrol-chemical industry has become the support of Puyang's economy.
Zhumadian is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province,China. It borders Xinyang to the south,Nanyang to the west,Pingdingshan to the northwest,Luohe to the north,Zhoukou to the northeast,and the province of Anhui to the east.
Anyang is a prefecture-level city in Henan,China. The northernmost city in Henan,Anyang borders Puyang to the east,Hebi and Xinxiang to the south,and the provinces of Shanxi and Hebei to its west and north respectively. Anyang had a total population of 5,477,614 as of the 2020 census,2,675,523 of whom lived in the built-up area made of four urban districts and Anyang and Tangyin counties,now largely agglomerated with the city proper.
Xinxiang is a prefecture-level city in northern Henan province,China.
Xuchang is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province in Central China. It is bordered by the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the northwest,Kaifeng to the northeast,Zhoukou to the east,Luohe to the southeast,and Pingdingshan to the southwest.
Pingdingshan,also known as Eagle City,is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province,China. It had 4,904,701 inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 1,756,333 lived in the built-up area including Ye county being conurbated.
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Hebi is a prefecture-level city in northern Henan province,China. Situated in mountainous terrain at the edge of the Shanxi plateau,Hebi is about 25 miles (40 km) south of Anyang,40 miles (64 km) northeast of Xinxiang and 65 miles (105 km) north of Kaifeng.
Shangqiu,alternately romanized as Shangkiu,is a city in eastern Henan province,Central China. It borders Kaifeng to the northwest,Zhoukou to the southwest,and the provinces of Shandong and Anhui to the northeast and southeast respectively. Its population was 7,816,831 inhabitants as of the 2020 Chinese census whom 2,831,814 lived in the built-up area made up of two urban districts and Yucheng county now being conurbated.
Zhoukou is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province,China. It borders Zhumadian to the southwest,Xuchang and Luohe to the west,Kaifeng to the northwest,Shangqiu to the northeast,and the province of Anhui on all other sides. As of the 2020 census,its population was 9,026,015 inhabitants. However,as of the 2018 estimation,1,601,300 lived in the built-up made up of Chuanhui district and the northern part of Shangshui county.
Xinyang is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province,People's Republic of China,the southernmost administrative division in the province. Its total population was 6,234,401 according to the 2020 census. As of the 2010 census,1,230,042 of them lived in the built-up area made of two urban districts,Pingqiao and Shihe.
Gushi is a county of 1,023,857 people directly governed by Henan,People's Republic of China. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Xinyang.
Shen County,or Shenxian,is a county of western Shandong province,People's Republic of China,bordering Henan to the south and southwest and Hebei to the west. It is the southernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Liaocheng.
Pujiang County is a county of Sichuan Province,China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengdu,the provincial capital.
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Lushi County is a county under the jurisdiction of Sanmenxia City,Henan Province,the People's Republic of China. It is adjacent to Lingbao City in the north,Luoning County and Luanchuan County in the east,Xixia County in Nanyang City in the south,and Luonan County,Danfeng County and Shangnan County in Shaanxi Province in the west and southwest. It covers an area of 4,004 square kilometers and has a population of 317,232 in 2020. The county government is stationed in Chengguan Town. The county was established in 113 BC. It is the county with the largest area,the smallest population density and the highest average altitude in Henan Province,and it is also a provincial forest city in Henan Province.
Zhenping County is a county in the southwest of Henan province,China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nanyang.
Shangcai County is a county in the south of Henan province,China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zhumadian.
Shuangmiao Township is a township of Qingfeng County in northeastern Henan province,China,located about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northeast of Hualong District,Puyang. As of 2011,it has 29 villages under its administration.
The Cao Cao Mausoleum,also known as the Gaoling Mausoleum of Wei and the Xigaoxue Tomb No. 2,is a tomb in Xigaoxue Village,Anfeng Township,Anyang County,Anyang City,Henan Province,China. It is purported to be the burial site of Cao Cao,a prominent warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. The discovery of the tomb was reported on 27 December 2009 by the Henan Provincial Cultural Heritage Bureau. In 2013,the tomb became part of the seventh batch of Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level in China.
Henan Township is a township under the administration of Hanyuan County in Sichuan,China. As of 2020,it has four villages under its administration: