Jinhua 金华市 Kinhwa, Tsin Ua | |
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Clockwise from top: Bridging Tea House in Jinhua Architecture Park, Jinhua Mountains, Jinhua Railway Station, Shi Guangnan Music Plaza, Jinyi Comprehensive Trade Zone | |
Coordinates(Jinhua municipal government): 29°04′44″N119°38′49″E / 29.079°N 119.647°E | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Zhejiang |
County-level divisions | 9 |
Township-level divisions | 191 |
Municipal seat | Wucheng District |
Government | |
• Party Secretary | Zhao Guangjun (赵光军) |
• Mayor | Ji Junmin (暨军民) |
Area | |
• Prefecture-level city | 10,926.16 km2 (4,218.61 sq mi) |
• Urban | 2,049.5 km2 (791.3 sq mi) |
• Metro | 2,049.5 km2 (791.3 sq mi) |
Population (2020 census [1] ) | |
• Prefecture-level city | 7,050,683 |
• Density | 650/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
• Urban | 1,463,990 |
• Urban density | 710/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
• Metro | 1,463,990 |
• Metro density | 710/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
GDP [2] | |
• Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 470.4 billion US$ 62.0 billion |
• Per capita | CN¥ 72,192 US$ 11,096 |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Area code | 579 |
ISO 3166 code | CN-ZJ-07 |
License Plate Prefix | 浙G |
City flower | Camellia[ citation needed ] |
Jinhua | |||||||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 金华 | ||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 金華 | ||||||||||
Literal meaning | "Golden Flourishing" | ||||||||||
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Jinhua [lower-alpha 1] is a prefecture-level city in central Zhejiang province in eastern China. It borders the provincial capital of Hangzhou to the northwest,Quzhou to the southwest,Lishui to the south,Taizhou to the east,and Shaoxing to the northeast. Its population was 7,050,683 as of the 2020 census including 1,463,990 in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts (not including yet the satellite city of Lanxi,which has become essentially a suburban offshoot of Jinhua's main urban area). [3]
Jinhua is rich in red soil and forest resources. The Jinhua or Wu River flows through the Lan and Fuchun to the Qiantang River beside Hangzhou,which flows into Hangzhou Bay and the East China Sea. In medieval China,it formed part of the water network feeding supplies to the southern end of the Grand Canal. It is best known for its dry-cured Jinhua ham.
The history of Jinhua dates back to the 2nd century BC,when it was a county subordinate to Shaoxing. It was given the name Jinhua under the Sui dynasty in AD 598 and later became the seat of a prefecture. The present city and its walls date to the Yuan dynasty in 1352.
The most famous native of Jinhua is Huang Chuping,a Daoist holy man of the 4th century and reputed immortal whose descendants still live in the area. Wuyang Shan ("Reclining Sheep Mountain") is said to be a sheep which was turned to stone by Huang,a trick which he learned through his years of diligently studying Daoism.[ citation needed ]
Economically Jinhua has always prospered from its position as the regional collecting and processing center for agricultural and forestry products (chiefly rice and bamboo). It is currently the second most important grain producing area in Zhejiang. In 1985 Jinhua was promoted to City status,and now is responsible for administering four cities,four counties and a district. Animals raised there include dairy cattle,meat hogs (for the production of Jinhua ham,a famous local product for 900 years) and honeybees. Jinhua's industrial sector has developed more recently,producing machinery,metallurgy,pharmaceuticals,building supplies and electrical and electronic equipment.
The Tang dynasty painter Guan Xiu [4] (Kuan-hsiu) was born in Jinhua. He is known for his paintings of Buddhist holy men.
There are numerous scenic and historical sites in the Jinhua region,including many places associated with the Immortal Huang,and a palace of the Dukes of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
In October 2021,the establishment of Ling on the township will be abolished,the former Ling on the township on the hall village,after Fan village,Qunle a village,Qunle two villages,after the village,Baisan village,high pond village and other 7 administrative villages to Tashi Township,the former Ling on the township under the dock village,Ling on the village,Huang Yan Kong village,Jiang Fan village,Huang Ma Shan village,Limen Temple village,Shibutou village,East will village,Su village,Shaojiayuan village and other 10 administrative villages (has been abolished) regional scope to be assigned to Tangxi Township. After the adjustment,Tashi Township has jurisdiction over 22 administrative villages,the township government in Tashi Village;Tangxi Township has jurisdiction over 39 administrative villages,1 community,the township government in Tangxi Village,No. 49,Chengzhong Road. [5]
Jinhua is located at latitudes 28°32'−29°41' N and longitudes 119°14'−120°46' E in the center of Zhejiang. It borders Hangzhou to the northwest,Quzhou to the southwest,Lishui to the south,Taizhou to the east,and Shaoxing to the northeast.
Jinhua has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with four distinctive seasons,characterised by hot,humid summers and chilly,cloudy and drier winters (with occasional snow). The mean annual temperature is 17.33 °C (63.2 °F),with monthly daily averages ranging from 5.2 °C (41.4 °F) in January to 29.0 °C (84.2 °F) in July. The city receives an average annual rainfall of 1,450 millimetres (57.1 in) and is affected by the plum rains of the Asian monsoon in June,when average relative humidity also peaks.
Climate data for Jinhua (1991–2020 normals,extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) | 29.4 (84.9) | 34.8 (94.6) | 34.5 (94.1) | 36.6 (97.9) | 37.6 (99.7) | 40.7 (105.3) | 41.1 (106.0) | 39.6 (103.3) | 35.9 (96.6) | 31.3 (88.3) | 24.5 (76.1) | 41.1 (106.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) | 12.6 (54.7) | 16.9 (62.4) | 23.1 (73.6) | 27.7 (81.9) | 29.8 (85.6) | 34.6 (94.3) | 34.1 (93.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 24.6 (76.3) | 18.8 (65.8) | 12.5 (54.5) | 22.8 (73.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.0 (42.8) | 8.2 (46.8) | 12.2 (54.0) | 18.1 (64.6) | 22.9 (73.2) | 25.6 (78.1) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.3 (84.7) | 25.2 (77.4) | 20.0 (68.0) | 14.2 (57.6) | 8.2 (46.8) | 18.3 (65.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) | 5.1 (41.2) | 8.8 (47.8) | 14.2 (57.6) | 19.1 (66.4) | 22.5 (72.5) | 26.1 (79.0) | 25.8 (78.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 16.4 (61.5) | 10.8 (51.4) | 5.0 (41.0) | 14.9 (58.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −9.6 (14.7) | −8.9 (16.0) | −1.6 (29.1) | 0.6 (33.1) | 8.7 (47.7) | 13.3 (55.9) | 18.8 (65.8) | 18.6 (65.5) | 13.1 (55.6) | 2.4 (36.3) | −2.7 (27.1) | −6.8 (19.8) | −9.6 (14.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 83.7 (3.30) | 89.9 (3.54) | 160.6 (6.32) | 157.0 (6.18) | 179.4 (7.06) | 289.9 (11.41) | 149.9 (5.90) | 129.9 (5.11) | 84.9 (3.34) | 49.6 (1.95) | 72.4 (2.85) | 65.4 (2.57) | 1,512.6 (59.53) |
Average precipitation days (≥0.1 mm) | 13.5 | 13.1 | 17.1 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 17.4 | 11.7 | 12.9 | 10.3 | 7.7 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 156 |
Average snowy days | 3.7 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 8 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 74 | 73 | 72 | 71 | 71 | 77 | 69 | 70 | 73 | 70 | 73 | 72 | 72 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 93.7 | 97.2 | 116.1 | 139.1 | 157.7 | 134.7 | 235.6 | 219.4 | 163.4 | 157.7 | 124.5 | 120.5 | 1,759.6 |
Percent possible sunshine | 29 | 31 | 31 | 36 | 37 | 32 | 55 | 54 | 45 | 45 | 39 | 38 | 39 |
Source 1:China Meteorological Administration [6] [7] | |||||||||||||
Source 2:Weather China [8] |
The prefecture-level city of Jinhua administers 9 county-level divisions,including 2 districts,4 county-level cities and 3 counties.
Map | ||
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Subdivision | Simplified Chinese | Pinyin |
Wucheng District | 婺城区 | Wùchéng Qū |
Jindong District | 金东区 | Jīndōng Qū |
Lanxi | 兰溪市 | LánxīShì |
Yongkang | 永康市 | Yǒngkāng Shì |
Yiwu | 义乌市 | YìwūShì |
Dongyang | 东阳市 | Dōngyáng Shì |
Wuyi County | 武义县 | WǔyìXiàn |
Pujiang County | 浦江县 | Pǔjiāng Xiàn |
Pan'an County | 磐安县 | Pán'ān Xiàn |
These are further divided into 191 township-level divisions,including 107 towns,73 townships and 11 subdistricts.
Jinhua architecture,also known as Wu-school architecture,is a style of traditional Chinese architecture that is characterized by large apartments,large courtyards,large open halls,horse-head walls. This style is different from the courtyard houses in Beijing and the earth buildings in Fujian.
Representative of the Ming and Qing Dynasty residences,Jinhua architecture typically features a clear central axis and a symmetrical layout. These buildings were often constructed by the royal family or the descendants of Confucianism,and served as both living spaces and cultural artifacts that reflect the values and beliefs of Confucianism.
The common characteristic of Confucian inheritance is the emphasis on respecting teachers,education,law,and rules. This philosophy is reflected in the spatial design and construction of Jinhua architecture. These houses are built with a harmonious balance between Yin and Yang and embody symmetry and balance.
Jinhua has a rather flexible economic system with distinctive economic characteristics in different areas. 90% of enterprises are in and about 88% of its GDP are from private sector.[ citation needed ]
Jinhua enjoys an advanced civilian-owned economy,with its industry mainly supported by processing and manufacturing. Leading industries of the city include clothing and textile,mechanics and electronics,pharmacy and chemistry,manufacturing crafts,metalwork processing architecture and building materials,automobile-and-motorcycle accessories,food processing,and plastic ware.[ citation needed ]
Industries are distributed with different characteristics in different counties or county-level cities. For instance,Yiwu is characterized by its light-industry commodities,Yongkang by its automobile-and-motorcycle accessories and mechanical and electric tools,Dongyang by its clothing,architecture and magnetic materials,the Jinhua Proper by its pharmacy,construction materials and industrial measures,Lanxi by its non-ferrous metal,cement,towels and daily chemicals,and Pujiang by its textile,lockmaking,and lantern ornaments of crystals.[ citation needed ]
Traditional handicrafts have been flourishing in Jinhua. The wood carving and bamboo weaving in Dongyang,the straw plaiting,lace purling and crystals carving in Pujiang,and the hardware crafts in Yongkang,all enjoy a long history of development and the products sell well both abroad and at home.[ citation needed ]
Jinhua hosts the Zhejiang Normal University (ZJNU),a public university in China. [9] Key provincial public high schools in Jinhua include Zhejiang Dongyang High School,Yiwu High School,Jinhua No. 1 High School,Jinhua Foreign Language School,High School Affiliated to Zhejiang Normal University,Lanxi No. 1 High School,Zhejiang Pujiang High School,Aiqing High School,Yongkang No. 1 Senior Middle School,and Jinhua Tangxi Senior High School.
Many education cooperations happen in Jinhua. Jinhua has been leading China-Africa education cooperation since the 1980s with the help of colleges and universities. Zhejiang Normal University began to recruit short-term international students in China in the 1980s. To date,the university has trained more than 8,000 African students in the Chinese language,international education in Chinese,business administration,comparative education,software engineering,mechanical design,and manufacturing and automation. [10]
Jinhua ham has bright colors,with red and white hues. The lean meat has a sweetness,while the fat imparts a flavor without being overly greasy. It is a rich source of protein,fat,multiple vitamins and minerals. Jinhua ham is produced during winter and matured throughout the summer,which allows for fermentation and decomposition,rendering its nutrients more easily absorbed by the human body. Its consumption is associated with various health benefits,such as nourishing the stomach and kidneys,strengthening bone marrow,and promoting wound healing.
Jinhua ham features thin skin,with bright yellow skin and a lute-like shape. Its flesh is red and aromatic,earning it the reputation of the "four perfections" for its combination of color,fragrance,taste,and shape.
Yongkang meat patties represent a traditional snack hailing from Yongkang,Jinhua. Throughout Yongkang's history,local farmers have prepared meat patties as a staple dish during harvest festivals. Despite its coarse appearance,Yongkang meat patties are regarded and deemed as an example of the idiom "Don't judge a book by its cover."
Yongkang meat patties are generally divided into two types. One is the thin patty (also known as the triangle patty),which is flat and large in area. The whole thin patty is cut into several triangle patties and sold with pork and dried vegetable filling. The other is the thick patty,a thicker,smaller patty filled with potato,tofu,cowpea,lotus root,etc.
Main railway stations:
Jinhua enjoys convenient transportation,being the communications center in southeast China between coastal and inland areas. It is one of the major hubs of land transportation in the country. The Zhejiang-Jiangxi,Jinhua-Wenzhou and Jinhua-Qiandaohu railways intersect in the city. The Hangzhou-Jinhua-Quzhou Expressway,the Jinhua-Lishui-Wenzhou Expressway,the No. 330 and 320 National Highways,and other provincial highroads traverse the area. The city aggregation around Jinhua Proper has formed a "Half-an-Hour's-Ride Economic Circle",there being merely a 90-minute and a 3-hour journey driving from the city to Hangzhou and Shanghai respectively.
Jinhua Rail Transit is a metro system in Jinhua,Yiwu and Dongyang. It was opened on August 30,2022. [11]
Yiwu Airport offers airlines destined for Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Xiamen,Qingdao,and Hong Kong.
Jinhua Architecture Park,a collection of 17 pavilions designed by Chinese and international architects,is set on the banks of the Yiwu River.
Zhejiang is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiangsu and Shanghai to the north, Anhui to the northwest, Jiangxi to the west and Fujian to the south. To the east is the East China Sea, beyond which lies the Ryukyu Islands. The population of Zhejiang stands at 64.6 million, the 8th largest in China. It has been called "the backbone of China" because it is a major driving force in the Chinese economy and being the birthplace of several notable people, including the Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek and entrepreneur Jack Ma. Zhejiang consists of 90 counties.
Lishui is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China. It borders Quzhou, Jinhua and Taizhou to the north, Wenzhou to the southeast, and the province of Fujian to the southwest. The name of the city literally means "Beautiful Waters."
Dongyang is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Jinhua in Central Zhejiang Province, China. It covers an area of 1,744.05 km2 (673.38 sq mi) and administers eleven towns, one township, and six subdistricts. It is part of the Yangtze River Delta Economic Region.
Yiwu is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Jinhua in Central Zhejiang Province, East China. As of the 2020 census, the city had 1,859,390 inhabitants and its built-up area, joined with that of the neighboring Dongyang, was home to 2,947,340 inhabitants. The city is famous for its light industry commodity trade and vibrant market and as a regional tourist destination.
Yongkang, formerly known as Lizhou, is a county-level city located in the central part of Zhejiang, in the People's Republic of China. It is southeast of the Jinhua City boundary and approximately 180 km (111.8 mi) from Hangzhou. It has an area of 1,049 km2 (405 sq mi) and a population of 964,203 as of the 2020 census, including more than 100,000 non-resident workers. According to a 2010 census, its built-up area of Yongkang City and Wuyi County was home to 1,426,659 inhabitants. Yongkang is known as the "hardware capital of China."
Lanxi, alternately known as Lanchi and Lanki, is a county-level city under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Jinhua in west-central Zhejiang Province, east-central China.
Baiyun may refer to:
Sun Zhonghuan, is a Chinese politician. He is the former mayor of Hangzhou, Zhejiang. He is the current Chairman of the Hangzhou Political Consultative Conference, a largely ceremonial role.
Jiande is a county-level city of Zhejiang Province, East China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou.
Pujiang is a county of Zhejiang, China. It is under the administration of Jinhua city.
Wuzhou Wu is a Southern Wu Chinese language spoken in and around Jinhua in Zhejiang province. It is at best only poorly intelligible with Taihu Wu. Wuzhou Wu is named after the ancient Wuzhou County that existed in modern-day Jinhua.
Lou Yangsheng is a Chinese politician and the current Communist Party Secretary of Henan province. Originally from Zhejiang province, Lou was the Communist Party Secretary of Lishui in his early career. He headed the party's propaganda department in Hainan before being transferred to Shanxi to become the provincial Deputy Party Secretary.
Jinhua–Wenzhou high-speed railway, also known as Jinhua–Lishui–Wenzhou high-speed railway as well as the Jinhua–Wenzhou railway expansion renovation project, is a high-speed railway operated by China Railway Shanghai Group in Zhejiang province. This line follows a similar route to the conventional Jinhua-Wenzhou Railway but has stations unique to this line. It connects the cities of Jinhua and Wenzhou, via Wuyi County, Yongkang, Jinyun County, Lishui, Qingtian County, Wenzhou's Ouhai and Lucheng District. It then connects the following railways Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway's Hangzhou–Changsha section and Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen high-speed railway's Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou Railway and Wenzhou-Fuzhou Railway sections.
Lu Ziyue is a former Chinese politician who spent his entire career in east China's Zhejiang province. He was put under investigation by the Chinese Communist Party's anti-corruption agency in March 2016. Previously he served as mayor of Ningbo. He is the second provincial-ministerial rank official sacked for graft from Zhejiang province in the anti-corruption campaign following the 18th Party Congress, after Si Xinliang.
Zhuma Township is a rural township in Wucheng District of Jinhua, eastern China's Zhejiang province. As of the 2017 census it had a population of 11,000 and an area of 23.6-square-kilometre (9.1 sq mi). It is surrounded by Lanxi city on the northwest, Luodian Town on the east, and Qianxi Township on the south. It is hailed as the hometown of Camellia.
Xie Gaohua was a Chinese politician. When serving as Party Secretary of Yiwu County in 1982, he pioneered free-market policies and established the Yiwu Market, which has since grown into the world's largest small commodities market. He later served as Executive Vice Mayor of Quzhou and was elected a delegate to the 8th National People's Congress. In 2018, the Chinese government awarded him the honorary title of "Reform Pioneer".
Jinhua Rail Transit is a suburban rapid transit system in the prefecture-level city of Jinhua, in Zhejiang Province, China. It opened on 30 August 2022.
The 2022 Asian Games torch relay was held from 8 September 2023, through 11 prefectures across Zhejiang, before the opening ceremony on 23 September 2023. Prior to the relay, a lighting ceremony was held back on 15 June 2023 in Haungzhou instead of New Delhi due to tensions between China and India.