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Zhejiang cuisine, alternatively known as Zhe cuisine, is one of the Eight Culinary Traditions of Chinese cuisine. Zhejiang cuisine contains four different styles, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, and Wenzhou (also known as Ou cuisine). It derives from the traditional ways of cooking in Zhejiang Province, which is located south of Shanghai and centred around Hangzhou, a historical Chinese capital. In general, Zhejiang cuisine is not greasy but has a fresh and soft flavour with a mellow fragrance. [1]
Zhejiang cuisine consists of at least three styles, each originating from a major city in the province: [2]
Some sources also include the Wenzhou style (Ou cuisine) as a separate subdivision due to its proximity to Fujian Province. Wenzhou style is characterised as the greatest source of seafood as well as poultry and livestock. [4]
English | Traditional Chinese | Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | Picture | Notes |
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A hundred birds facing the Phoenix | 百鳥朝鳳 | 百鸟朝凤 | bǎi niǎo cháo fèng | Xiaoshan chicken is stewed in a clay pot. Steamed dumplings are then arranged around the chicken, such that it looks like the dumplings ("hundred birds") are facing the chicken ("phoenix"). | |
Beggar's chicken | 叫化雞 | 叫化鸡 | jiàohuā jī | Although this dish is originally from Jiangsu Province, it was popularised in Hangzhou and has since been considered part of Hangzhou cuisine. | |
Dongpo pork | 東坡肉 | 东坡肉 | Dōngpō ròu | Fried pork belly stewed in soy sauce and wine. | |
Dry vegetables and stewed meat | 乾菜燜肉 | 干菜焖肉 | gān cài mèn ròu | Meigan cai stewed with pork. | |
Fiery pupil immortal duck | 火瞳神仙鴨 | 火瞳神仙鸭 | huǒ tóng shénxiān yā | Jinhua ham stewed with duck. | |
Fried shrimp | 油爆大蝦 | 油爆大虾 | yóu bào dà xiā | River shrimp is deep fried first and then stir-fried. | |
Gan zha xiang ling | 乾炸響鈴 | 干炸响铃 | gān zhá xiǎng líng | Deep-fried pieces of pork tenderloin wrapped in tofu skin. | |
Guoba with tomato and shrimp | 番茄蝦仁鍋巴 | 番茄虾仁锅巴 | fānqié xiārén guō bā | ||
Hibiscus mud crab | 芙蓉蝤蠓 | 芙蓉蝤蠓 | fúróng qiúměng | Mud crab cooked with egg, green vegetables, chicken stock and Shaoxing wine. | |
Home-made salted pork with spring bamboo shoots | 南肉春筍 | 南肉春笋 | nán ròu chūnsǔn | ||
Jin yu man tang | 金玉滿堂 | 金玉满堂 | jīn yù mǎn táng | A dish composed of shrimp, Chinese perch, deep-fried chicken, pork strips, shumai, ham, crab roe and other ingredients. | |
Large yellow croaker with pickled mustard greens | 鹹菜大湯黃魚 | 咸菜大汤黄鱼 | xiányú dà tāng huángyú | ||
Longjing shrimp | 龍井蝦仁 | 龙井虾仁 | lóngjǐng xiārén | Shrimp cooked in Longjing tea | |
Mi zhi da fang | 蜜汁大方 | 蜜汁大方 | mì zhī dà fāng | Ham is steamed in syrup with lotus seeds, green plums, cherries, osmanthus and other ingredients. | |
Pearls on a palm | 掌上明珠 | 掌上明珠 | zhǎng shàng míng zhū | Fishballs ("pearls") served on a goose web ("palm"). | |
Pregnant fresh fish | 懷胎鮮魚 | 怀胎鲜鱼 | huáitāi xiān yú | Steamed sea bass wrapped in pig's caul fat and stuffed with shrimp, Shiitake mushroom, ham and other ingredients. | |
Razor shells with fried egg | 蛋煎蜻子 | 蛋煎蜻子 | dàn jiān qīng zǐ | A dish composed of razor shells, pork lard, water chestnut and egg. | |
San si qiao yu | 三絲敲魚 | 三丝敲鱼 | sān sī qiāo yú | A dish composed of abalone, ham, chicken breast, lean pork, choy sum and other ingredients. | |
Shao(xing) shrimp balls | 紹蝦球 | 绍虾球 | Shào xiā qiú | Shrimp balls wrapped in strips of deep-fried egg paste. | |
Sister Song's Fish Soup | 宋嫂鱼羹 | A soup composed of ingredients such as Chinese perch, ham, bamboo shoots, Shiitake mushroom, egg and chicken stock. | |||
Softshell turtle in crystallised sugar | 冰糖甲魚 | 冰糖甲鱼 | bīng táng jiǎyú | ||
Stir-fried eel pieces | 生爆鱔片 | 生爆鳝片 | shēng bào shàn piàn | Swamp eel coated in a paste, stir-fried, and served with garlic, sugar and vinegar. | |
Stir-fried shredded pork with egg white | 芙蓉肉 | 芙蓉肉 | fúróng ròu | ||
Ten views of Shao(xing) | 紹十景 | 绍十景 | Shào shí jǐng | A dish composed of fishballs, meatballs, shrimp, fish maw, bamboo shoot, Shiitake mushroom, chicken gizzard and other ingredients. | |
Wenzhou pig intestine rice noodle soup | 温州猪脏粉 | Wēnzhōu zhūzàngfěn | A rice noodle soup containing pig intestine and duck or pig blood popular in Wenzhou. | ||
West Lake chuncai soup | 西湖蒓菜湯 | 西湖莼菜汤 | Xīhú chúncài tāng | Soup made with strips of ham, chicken breast and chuncai. | |
West Lake fish in vinegar | 西湖醋魚 | 西湖醋鱼 | Xīhú cù yú | A grass carp served in syrup. | |
Ningbo cuisine is regarded as rather salty. [2] Ningbo confectioneries were celebrated all over China during the Qing dynasty. [5]
Zhejiang is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiangsu and Shanghai to the north, Anhui to the northwest, Jiangxi to the west and Fujian to the south. To the east is the East China Sea, beyond which lies the Ryukyu Islands. The population of Zhejiang stands at 64.6 million, the 8th highest among China. It has been called "the backbone of China" because it is a major driving force in the Chinese economy and being the birthplace of several notable people, including the Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek and entrepreneur Jack Ma. Zhejiang consists of 90 counties.
Hangzhou, also romanized as Hangchow, is the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang, China. It is located in the northwestern part of the province, sitting at the head of Hangzhou Bay, which separates Shanghai and Ningbo. Hangzhou grew to prominence as the southern terminus of the Grand Canal and has been one of China's most renowned and prosperous cities for much of the last millennium. It is a major economic and e-commerce hub within China, and the second biggest city in Yangtze Delta after Shanghai. Hangzhou is classified as a sub-provincial city and forms the core of the Hangzhou metropolitan area, the fourth-largest in China after Guangzhou-Shenzhen Pearl River agglomeration, Shanghai-Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou conurbation and Beijing. As of 2019, the Hangzhou metropolitan area was estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (nominal) of 3.2 trillion yuan, making it larger than the economy of Nigeria. As of the 2020 Chinese census, it had a total population of 11,936,010 inhabitants. However, its metropolitan area, populated by 13.035 million people over an area of 8,107.9 km2 (3,130.5 sq mi), consists of all urban districts in Hangzhou and 3 urban districts of the city of Shaoxing.
Jiangnan, also romanized as Kiangnan, Chiang-nan, and Jiang Nan, is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of its delta. The region encompasses the city of Shanghai, the southern part of Jiangsu Province, the southeastern part of Anhui Province, the northern part of Jiangxi Province and the northern part of Zhejiang Province. The most important cities in the area include Anqing, Changzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Wenzhou, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang.
The Yangtze Delta or Yangtze River Delta is a triangle-shaped megalopolis generally comprising the Wu Chinese-speaking areas of Shanghai, southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang and northern Jiangxi. The area lies in the heart of the Jiangnan region, where the Yangtze River drains into the East China Sea. Having fertile soil, the Yangtze Delta abundantly produces grain, cotton, hemp and tea. In 2018, the Yangtze Delta had a GDP of approximately US$2.2 trillion, about the same size as Italy.
Tāizhōu, alternately known as Taichow, is a city located at the middle of the East China Sea coast of Zhejiang province. It is located 300 km (190 mi) south of Shanghai and 230 km (140 mi) southeast of Hangzhou, the provincial capital. It is bordered by Ningbo to the north, Wenzhou to the south, and Shaoxing, Jinhua, and Lishui to west. In addition to the municipality itself, the prefecture-level city of Taizhou includes 3 districts, 3 county-level cities, and 3 counties. As of the 2020 census, its total population was 6,662,888 inhabitants whom 3,578,660 lived in the built-up area made of the three urban Districts and Wenling City now being largely conurbated.
Shangyu District is a district of the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing in the northeast of Zhejiang province, China. At the 2010 census, its population in the built-up area was 779,412, up from 722,523 in the 2000 census. Shangyu is roughly fifty kilometers from north to south and about thirty kilometers from east to west. It makes up about one-fourth of the area of Shaoxing prefecture. Shangyu District is not part of the Hangzhou-Shaoxing built-up area as some countryside still prevent the city from being conurbated until now.
Jinhua (help·info), alternately romanized as Kinhwa, is a prefecture-level city in central Zhejiang province in eastern China. It borders the provincial capital of Hangzhou to the northwest, Quzhou to the southwest, Lishui to the south, Taizhou to the east, and Shaoxing to the northeast. Its population was 7,050,683 as of the 2020 census including 1,463,990 in the built-up area made of two urban districts.
Hangzhou Bay, or the Bay of Hangzhou, is a funnel-shaped inlet of the East China Sea, bordered by the province of Zhejiang and the municipality of Shanghai, which lies north of the Bay. The Bay extends from the East China Sea to its head at the city of Hangzhou, from which its name is derived.
Keqiao District, formerly Shaoxing County, is a district of the city of Shaoxing in Zhejiang province, China.
Taihu Wu (吳語太湖片) or Northern Wu (北部吳語) is a Wu Chinese language spoken over much of southern part of Jiangsu province, including Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, the southern part of Nantong, Jingjiang and Danyang; the municipality of Shanghai; and the northern part of Zhejiang province, including Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Huzhou, and Jiaxing. A notable exception is the dialect of the town of Jinxiang, which is a linguistic exclave of Taihu Wu in Zhenan Min-speaking Cangnan county of Wenzhou prefecture in Zhejiang province. Speakers in regions around Taihu Lake and Hangzhou Bay, are the largest population among all Wu speakers. Taihu Wu dialects such as Shanghainese, Shaoxing and Ningbo are mutually intelligible even for L2 Taihu speakers.
Wenling railway station is a railway station on the Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou railway and the Hangzhou–Taizhou high-speed railway located in Wenling, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
The Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou railway or Yong-Tai-Wen railway is a dual-track, electrified, high-speed rail line in Zhejiang Province, China. It is named after the three prefecture-level cities along route: Ningbo, whose abbreviated Chinese name is Yong, Taizhou and Wenzhou. The line has a total length of 282.4 kilometres (175.5 mi) and forms part of Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen railway. Construction began in October 2005, and the line opened to commercial service on September 28, 2009. Trains running on the line reach top speeds of 250 kilometres per hour, and the shortest trip between Ningbo and Wenzhou takes 1 hour 12 minutes.
The Xiaoshan–Ningbo railway or Xiaoyong railway, is a double-track railroad in eastern China between Hangzhou and Ningbo in Zhejiang Province. Its name in Chinese, the Xiaoyong Line, is named after the railway's two terminal stations, Hangzhou South in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou on the southern bank of Qiantang River, and Ningbo, whose Chinese character abbreviation is yong. The line is 147.3 km (92 mi) long and was originally built in three parts in 1912, 1914 and 1936; rebuilt in 1959, then electrified in 2009. Cities along route include Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Shangyu, Yuyao and Ningbo, all in Zhejiang Province. The Hangzhou–Ningbo high-speed railway runs parallel to the line. The section between Ningbo and Zhuangqiao railway station is proposed to be quadruple-tracked.
Chinese regional cuisines are amongst the many different cuisines found in different provinces and prefectures of China as well as from larger overseas Chinese communities.
The Eastern Zhejiang Canal is located in Zhejiang province, China. Its west end is in Xixing Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, crossing Cao'e River and Shaoxing City to its east end, the Yong River estuary in Ningbo City. The canal is 239 kilometres (149 mi) long. Early canal construction took place in the Shanyin old canal in Shaoxing City, during the Spring and Autumn period. In the third century AD, an official named He Xun supervised the construction of Xixing Canal, establishing the complete Eastern Zhejiang Canal.
Lou Wai Lou is a traditional restaurant in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, located on Gushan in the middle of the West Lake. It was established in the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing dynasty (1848). It has been named a "China Time-honored Brand" by the Chinese government.
Xu Liyi is a Chinese politician who served as party secretary of Zhengzhou from 2019 to 2022. He was removed from his post due to under-report the number of people who died or went missing during the 2021 Henan floods. He previously served as mayor of Hangzhou and before that, mayor and party secretary of Wenzhou. He is a delegate to the 13th National People's Congress.
Ou cuisine, alternatively known as Wenzhou cuisine, is one of the four schools of Zhejiang cuisine, whereas Zhejiang cuisine is one of the eight major cuisines in China. The ancient name of Wenzhou is called DongOu. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, in order to improve the popularity of Wenzhou cuisine, catering experts has renamed the cuisine with its ancient name, as “Ou cai”. The major elements in ou cuisine are seafood, which tastes fresh, light, and not bland. During the cooking process, it emphasizes "two light and a heavy," that is, light oil, light thickening, and heavy knife action, and it has a noticeable distinctive style.