Larimichthys crocea

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Larimichthys crocea
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Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Sciaenidae
Genus: Larimichthys
Species:
L. crocea
Binomial name
Larimichthys crocea
(Richardson, 1846)
Synonyms [2]
  • Sciaena crocea Richardson, 1846
  • Collichthys croceus (Richardson, 1846)
  • Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson, 1846)
  • Pseudosciaena amblyceps Bleeker, 1863
  • Collichthys chinensis Steindachner, 1866
  • Pseudosciaena undovittata Jordan & Seale, 1905

Larimichthys crocea, commonly called the large yellow croaker, yellow croaker or croceine croaker, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

Contents

Taxonomy

Larimichthys crocea was first formally described as Sciaena crocea in 1846 by the Scottish naval surgeon, Arctic explorer and naturalist Sir John Richardson with its type locality given as "Canton, China". The genus Larimichthys , to which this species belongs, has been placed in the subfamily Otolithinae by some workers, [3] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes. [4] In 2011 specimens which were thought to be L. crocea were taken off Terengganu in eastern Peninsular Malaysia but these have now been classified as a separate valid species Larimichthys terengganui . [5]

Etymology

Larimichthys crocea has the specific name crocea which means "saffron" and is an allusion to yellow colours on the body and fins. [6]

Description

Larimichthys crocea has a dorsal fin which is supported by 9 or 10 spines and between 30 and 35 soft rays while the anal fin is supported by 2 spines and between 7 and 9, typically 8, soft rays. The soft rayed parts of these fins are largely covered in scales. The overall colour of fresh specimens is gold. This species reaches a maximum published total length of 80 cm (31 in). [2]

Distribution and habitat

Larimichthys crocea is found in the marginal seas of East Asia from western Japan and Korea to the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, Taiwan Strait and northern South China Sea. It generally thrives in temperate coastal waters and often also in brackish estuaries, and is found on muddy-sandy bottoms. [2]

Utilisation and conservation

Capture (blue) and aquaculture (green) production of Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys croceus) in thousand tonnes from 1950 to 2022, as reported by the FAO Large yellow croaker total production thousand tonnes 1950-2022.svg
Capture (blue) and aquaculture (green) production of Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys croceus) in thousand tonnes from 1950 to 2022, as reported by the FAO

Larimichthys crocea was once an abundant commercial fish off East and South China, Taiwan, South Korea and Japan, its population collapsed in the 1970s due to overfishing. [8] Fishing boats landed 56,000 tonnes of Larimichthys crocea in 2008, and 91,000 tonnes in 2013. [9] The species is now aquafarmed in China, and production has grown to 105,000 tonnes by 2013. [9] Farms have experienced outbreaks of Nocardia seriolae infections. [10]

The IUCN classifies this species as Critically Endangered as there has been no recovery in the population and there is no evidence that the fishery for this species is sustainable. [1]

Genome

Larimichthys crocea is an important enough commercial species to have its genome mapped in 2014. [11] On 6 January 2015 it became the 200th organism to have its genome annotated by the NCBI Eukaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline. [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sciaenidae</span> Family of fishes

Sciaenidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Acanthuriformes. They are commonly called drums or croakers in reference to the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds they make. The family consists of about 293 to 298 species in about 66 or 67 genera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spot (fish)</span> Species of fish

The spot, also known commonly as the spot croaker, Norfolk spot and the Virginia spot, is a species of small short-lived saltwater fish in the family Sciaenidae. The species inhabits estuary and coastal waters from Massachusetts to Texas, and derives its name from the prominent dark spot behind each gill. It is the only species in the genus Leiostomus. Spot are frequently caught by recreational anglers and are good to eat.

The striped croaker, also known as the St Lucian corvina, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.

<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i> Species of fish

Larimichthys polyactis, called the redlip croaker, small yellow croaker, little yellow croaker or yellow corvina, is a species of croaker native to the western Pacific, generally in temperate waters such as the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.

<i>Larimichthys</i> Genus of fishes

Larimichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes, commonly known as yellow croakers, are found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Nebris</i> Genus of fishes

Nebris is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. There are two species in the genus, one in the Western Atlantic Ocean and one in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Johnius amblycephalus</i> Species of fish

Johnius amblycephalus, the bearded croaker, also known as the green-backed croaker or sharp-nosed jewfish, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reeve's croaker</span> Species of fish

Reeve's croaker, also known as the goldbelly croaker, golden corvina, yellowfin croaker or yellowfin corvina, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific region. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Chrysochir.

<i>Atractoscion</i> Genus of fishes

Atractoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fished belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The fishes in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Odontoscion dentex</i> Species of fish

Odontoscion dentex, the reef croaker or brown large-eyed croaker, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is found in coral and rocky reefs of the tropical Western Atlantic, living as solitary individuals or in small groups at a depth of 1 to 30 m. This species feeds on small fish, shrimp, and larvae.

The prickly croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The species is found in the Indo-West Pacific around southeast Asia. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Aspericorvina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geelbeck croaker</span> Species of fish

The geelbeck croaker, also known as the African weakfish or Cape salmon, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the southwestern Indian Ocean off southeastern Africa.

Atractoscion atelodus, the small lunate caudal fin croaker, teraglin, Jew, teraglin-Jew, trag or trag-Jew, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is endemic to the eastern coast of Australia.

The yellowtail croaker, also known as the yellowtail jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the southwestern Pacific Ocean off northern Australia and southern New Guinea. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Austronibea.

<i>Cheilotrema</i> Genus of fishes

Cheilotrema is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Isopisthus</i> Genus of fishes

Isopisthus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans.

<i>Johnius dussumieri</i> Species of fish

Johnius dussumieri, the sin croaker, Dussumier's croaker, Dussumier's silver jewfish, sharptooth hammer croaker or whiskered croaker, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Johnius carutta</i> Species of fish

Johnius carutta, the karut croaker or purple jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Indian Ocean.

<i>Micropogonias furnieri</i> Species of fish

Micropogonias furnieri, the whitemouth croaker, golden croaker, hardhead, mangrove snapper, rocandoronco, two-belly bashaw, West Indian croaker, West Indian drum or whitemouth drummer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Half-mourning croaker</span> Species of fish

The half-mourning croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Paranibea. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

References

  1. 1 2 Liu, M.; Cheng, J.-H.; Nguyen Van, Q.; et al. (2020). "Larimichthys crocea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T49182559A49239394. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T49182559A49239394.en . Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Larimichthys crocea". FishBase . February 2023 version.
  3. ↑ Kunio Sasaki (1989). "Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)" (PDF). Memoirs of the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University. 36 (1–2): 1–137.
  4. ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6.
  5. ↑ Seah, Y.G.; Hanafi, N.; Mazlan, A.G.; Chao, N.L. (2015). "A new species of Larimichthys from Terengganu, east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (Perciformes: Sciaenidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3956 (2): 271–280. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3956.2.7. PMID   26248918.
  6. ↑ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  7. ↑ "Fisheries and Aquaculture - Global Production". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  8. ↑ Orleans, Leo A., ed. (1980). Science in Contemporary China. Stanford University Press. p.  239. ISBN   978-0-8047-1078-7.
  9. 1 2 "Larimichthys crocea". Fisheries Global Information System. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
  10. ↑ Wang, G.; Yuan, S.; and Jin, S. (2010). "Nocardiosis in large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea (Richardson)". Journal of Fish Diseases. 28 (6): 339–345. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00637.x. PMID   15960657.
  11. ↑ Wu, Changwen; Zhang, Di; Kan, Mengyuan; Lv, Zhengmin; Zhu, Aiyi; Su, Yongquan; Zhou, Daizhan; Zhang, Jianshe; Zhang, Zhou (2014-11-19). "The draft genome of the large yellow croaker reveals well-developed innate immunity". Nature Communications. 5: 5227. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.5227W. doi:10.1038/ncomms6227. ISSN   2041-1723. PMC   4263168 . PMID   25407894.
  12. ↑ "NCBI annotates 200th eukaryote". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2015-01-07.
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