Kohlrabi,also called German turnip or turnip cabbage,is a biennial vegetable,a low,stout cultivar of wild cabbage. It is a cultivar of the same species as cabbage,broccoli,cauliflower,kale,Brussels sprouts,collard greens,Savoy cabbage,and gai lan.
The turnip or white turnip is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white,fleshy taproot. Small,tender varieties are grown for human consumption,while larger varieties are grown as feed for livestock. The name turnip –used in many regions –may also be used to refer to rutabaga,which is a different but related vegetable.
Edamame is an East Asian dish prepared with immature soybeans in the pod. The pods are boiled or steamed and may be served with salt or other condiments. The dish has become popular across the world because it is rich in vitamins,dietary fiber,and isoflavones. When the beans are outside the pod,the term mukimame is also sometimes used in Japanese. Edamame are a common side dish in Japanese cuisine and as an appetizer to alcoholic beverages such as beer or shōchū. As an ingredient Edamame are found in both sweet and savory dishes such as takikomi gohan,tempura,and zunda-mochi.
Broccoli is an edible green plant in the cabbage family whose large flowering head,stalk and small associated leaves are eaten as a vegetable. Broccoli is classified in the Italica cultivar group of the species Brassica oleracea. Broccoli has large flower heads,or florets,usually dark green,arranged in a tree-like structure branching out from a thick stalk,which is usually light green. The mass of flower heads is surrounded by leaves. Broccoli resembles cauliflower,which is a different but closely related cultivar group of the same Brassica species.
The radish is a flowering plant in the mustard family,Brassicaceae. Its large taproot is commonly used as a root vegetable,although the entire plant is edible and its leaves are sometimes used as a leaf vegetable. Originally domesticated in Asia,radishes are now grown and consumed throughout the world. The radish is sometimes considered to form a species complex with the wild radish,and instead given the trinomial name Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus.
Daikon or mooli,Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus, is a mild-flavored winter radish usually characterized by fast-growing leaves and a long,white,napiform root. Originally native to continental East Asia,daikon is harvested and consumed throughout the region,as well as in South Asia,and is available internationally. In some locations,daikon is planted for its ability to break up compacted soils and recover nutrients and is not harvested.
Root vegetables are underground plant parts eaten by humans as food. In agricultural and culinary terminology,the term applies to true roots such as taproots and tuberous roots as well as non-roots such as bulbs,corms,rhizomes,and stem tubers.
Corm,bulbo-tuber,or bulbotuber is a short,vertical,swollen underground plant stem that serves as a storage organ that some plants use to survive winter or other adverse conditions such as summer drought and heat (perennation).
The Brussels sprout is a member of the Gemmifera cultivar group of cabbages,grown for its edible buds.
Bok choy,pak choi or pok choi is a type of Chinese cabbage,used as food. Chinensis varieties do not form heads and have green leaf blades with lighter bulbous bottoms instead,forming a cluster reminiscent of mustard greens. Its flavour is described as being between spinach and water chestnuts but slightly sweeter,with a mildly peppery undertone. The green leaves have a stronger flavor than the white bulb.
The water caltrop is any of three extant species of the genus Trapa:Trapa natans,Trapa bicornis and the endangered Trapa rossica. It is also known as buffalo nut,bat nut,devil pod,ling nut,mustache nut,singhara nut or water chestnut.
The yacón is a species of daisy traditionally grown in the northern and central Andes from Colombia to northern Argentina for its crisp,sweet-tasting,tuberous roots. Their texture and flavour are very similar to jícama,mainly differing in that yacón has some slightly sweet,resinous,and floral undertones to its flavour,probably due to the presence of inulin,which produces the sweet taste of the roots of elecampane,as well. Another name for yacón is Peruvian ground apple,possibly from the French name of potato,pomme de terre. The tuber is composed mostly of water and various polysaccharides.
Taro is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms,leaves,stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African,Oceanic,East Asian,Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures. Taro is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants.
Water chestnut may refer to either of two plants,both used in Chinese cuisine:
Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea that form edible tubers.
Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter,including the flowers,fruits,stems,leaves,roots,and seeds. An alternative definition of the term is applied somewhat arbitrarily,often by culinary and cultural tradition. It may exclude foods derived from some plants that are fruits,flowers,nuts,and cereal grains,but include savoury fruits such as tomatoes and courgettes,flowers such as broccoli,and seeds such as pulses.
Eleocharis is a virtually cosmopolitan genus of 250 or more species of flowering plants in the sedge family,Cyperaceae. The name is derived from the Greek words ἕλειος(heleios),meaning "marsh dweller," and χάρις(charis),meaning "grace." Members of the genus are known commonly as spikerushes or spikesedges. The genus has a geographically cosmopolitan distribution,with centers of diversity in the Amazon Rainforest and adjacent eastern slopes of the South American Andes,northern Australia,eastern North America,California,Southern Africa,and subtropical Asia. The vast majority of Eleocharis species grow in aquatic or mesic habitats from sea level to higher than 5,000 meters in elevation.
Goeppertia allouia,known as lerén or lairén in Spanish,and also known in English as Guinea arrowroot,and sweet corn root,is a plant in the arrowroot family,native to northern South America and the Caribbean,The name "allouia" is derived from the Carib name for the plant Lerén is a minor food crop in the American tropics,but was one of the earliest plants domesticated by pre-historic Amerindians in South America.
Bamboo shoots or bamboo sprouts are the edible shoots of many bamboo species including Bambusa vulgaris and Phyllostachys edulis. They are used as vegetables in numerous Asian dishes and broths. They are sold in various processed shapes and are available in fresh,dried,and canned versions.
A staple food,food staple,or simply staple,is a food that is eaten often and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet for an individual or a population group,supplying a large fraction of energy needs and generally forming a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well. For humans,a staple food of a specific society may be eaten as often as every day or every meal,and most people live on a diet based on just a small variety of food staples. Specific staples vary from place to place,but typically are inexpensive or readily available foods that supply one or more of the macronutrients and micronutrients needed for survival and health:carbohydrates,proteins,fats,minerals,and vitamins. Typical examples include grains,seeds,nuts and root vegetables. Among them,cereals,legumes and tubers account for about 90% of the world's food calorie intake.
