Lanzhou

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Lanzhou
兰州市
Prefecture-level city
Lan Zhou Gao Lan Shan 201905.jpg
Lanzhou skyline
Xi Guan Qing Zhen Si i - panoramio.jpg
Lanzhou Zhongshan Qiao 2013.12.28 17-26-24.jpg
The Yellow River at Lanzhou - Lan Zhou Huang He Bian Shang (17143320738).jpg
Waterwheel Expo Garden
Lanzhou Chanyuan 2013.12.29 11-47-46.jpg
Chanyuan Temple
Lan Zhou Niu Rou Mian .jpg
Lanzhou
Location of Lanzhou Prefecture within Gansu (China).png
Location of Lanzhou City jurisdiction in Gansu
China Gansu adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Lanzhou
Location of the city center in Gansu
China edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Lanzhou
Lanzhou (China)
Coordinates(Gansu People's Government): 36°03′38″N103°49′36″E / 36.0606°N 103.8268°E / 36.0606; 103.8268
Country China
Province Gansu
County-level divisions 8
Municipal seat Chengguan District
Government
 • Type Prefecture-level city
 • Body Lanzhou Municipal People's Congress
 •  CCP Secretary Zhang Xiaoqiang
 •  Congress ChairmanZhang Jianping
 •  Mayor Liu Jianxun [1]
 •  CPPCC ChairmanLi Hongya
Area
 •  Prefecture-level city 13,086.9 km2 (5,052.9 sq mi)
 • Urban
2,432.9 km2 (939.3 sq mi)
 • Metro
1,112.9 km2 (429.7 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census) [2]
 •  Prefecture-level city 4,359,446
 • Density330/km2 (860/sq mi)
 •  Urban
3,474,858
 • Urban density1,400/km2 (3,700/sq mi)
 •  Metro
3,042,863
 • Metro density2,700/km2 (7,100/sq mi)
GDP [3]
 •  Prefecture-level city CN¥ 209.6 billion
US$ 33.7 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 56,972
US$ 9,147
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
730000
Area code 931
ISO 3166 code CN-GS-01
License plate prefixes 甘A
Website www.lanzhou.gov.cn
City flowers
Rugosa Rose
[A]
Lanzhou
Lanzhou (Chinese characters).svg
"Lanzhou" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
兰州新区Lánzhōu Xīnqū100,000806124
Rural
Yongdeng County 永登县Yǒngdēng Xiàn418,7896,09068.76
Gaolan County 皋兰县Gāolán Xiàn131,7852,55651.55
Yuzhong County 榆中县Yúzhōng Xiàn437,1633,362130.03

A On August 20, 2012, Lanzhou New Area was approved by the State Council of China's Central Government. [46] In 2019, Lanzhou New Area was formally established as a county-level division of Lanzhou, its area being split off from Yongdeng and Gaolan. [47] [48] The updated area and population of Yongdeng and Gaolan are not yet reflected in the table.

Tourism

Xiguan Mosque after a Friday prayer Xiguan Mosque.JPG
Xiguan Mosque after a Friday prayer

Museums

Gansu Provincial Museum Gan Su Sheng Bo Wu Guan .jpg
Gansu Provincial Museum

Economy

Lanzhou Center commercial complex Lan Zhou Zhong Xin Qi Li He Qu .jpg
Lanzhou Center commercial complex

Since 1949 Lanzhou has been transformed from the capital of a poverty-stricken province into the center of a major industrial area. It was one of the first cities in China to industrialize, as a focus of the First and Second Five-Year Plans. [57]

The GDP per capita of Lanzhou was 25,566 (RMB) (US$3,681) in 2008, ranking it at number 134 among 659 Chinese cities.[ citation needed ] In 2015, the GDP per capita had grown to 57,191 RMB (US$9,182.28) [58] and the city ranked at place 100 for total GDP of Chinese cities. [59]

Institutions

The International Solar Energy Center (UNIDO-ISEC) is located in Lanzhou's Chengguan district. [60]

Headquarters of UNIDO-ISEC UNIDO-ISEC.jpg
Headquarters of UNIDO-ISEC

Natural resources

There is a thermal generating plant supplied with coal from fields in Qinghai. In addition, there is a hydroelectric station at Zhulama Gorge in Gansu, and a large multipurpose dam has been built in the Liujia Gorge on the Yellow River above Lanzhou. [61]

Industry

Main industries include textile mills, rubber processing and fertilizer plants, an oil refinery, petrochemicals, machinery, and metallurgical industry.

Gansu has one of the largest oil refineries in the country and Lanzhou itself is the center of the province's petrochemical industry. [62] The refinery is linked to the fields at Yumen by pipeline. It also manufactures equipment for the oil industry.

Lanzhou has a large textile industry, particularly noted for the production of woolen and leather goods. In addition, Lanzhou produces locomotives and rolling stock for the northwestern railways, as well as machine tools and mining equipment. Aluminum products, industrial chemicals, and fertilizers are produced on a large scale, and there is a large rubber industry. Copper is mined in nearby Gaolan.

Lanzhou has been one of the centers of China's national nuclear power industry since the 1960s. [63] [64]

Agriculture

Lanzhou is the collecting center and market for agricultural produce and livestock from a wide area.

Transportation

Airport

Lanzhou Zhongchuan Airport is the main airport serving Lanzhou, it is located 70 km (43 mi) north of Lanzhou. It opened for public service in 1970. [65]

The airport offers direct connections to over 70 international and domestic destinations.

Railway

Lanzhou Railway Station Lanzhou station 01.jpg
Lanzhou Railway Station
Lanzhou West Railway Station Lanzhou West Railway Station 2015.jpg
Lanzhou West Railway Station

Subway

Lanzhou was the second city in northwest China to announce the construction of a subway line, in August 2012. [66] The urban railway network, Lanzhou Metro, is planned to consist of six subway lines running 207 km (129 mi). The first line, which is completely underground, opened in June 2019. Lanzhou Metro Line 2 (First-stage project), opened in June 2023. Passengers can transfer between Line 1 and Line 2 at Dongfanghong Square Station and Wulipu Station. [67] [68]

Regional

Lanzhou Railway Station is a major railway hub of western China. Every day over 100 passenger trains originate or pass via this station. It is a vital focal point connecting the western provinces with the east. Lanzhou Railway Station is located on Huochezhan Dong Lu, in Chengguan district. Lanzhou West Railway Station is the city's second major railway station, offering connection to high-speed rail services.

Lanzhou Railway Station has the following railway connections:

High speed rail

New high-speed passenger-only railways are completed both toward the east (the Xuzhou–Lanzhou high-speed railway) and the west (the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway). These services only stop at Lanzhou West Railway Station. The Yinchuan–Lanzhou high-speed railway and Chengdu–Lanzhou high-speed railway are under construction.

Freight rail

Lanzhou forms an important link in one of the routes of the Eurasian Land Bridge and also provides rail access to Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet further to the west. [71] A large rail freight terminal has recently been constructed to accommodate increasing volumes of rail freight and Lanzhou is home to China's fourth largest marshalling yard. [72] [73]

Regular freight services connect Lanzhou to destinations including Chongqing, Hamburg, Almaty and Kathmandu. [74]

Road network

In 2016, Lanzhou was ranked 4th of Chinese cities with the worst rush hour traffic jams; [75] however, by 2017, after completion of an urban ring road, it dropped to 33rd place. [76]

Highways

Bus services

Lanzhou BRT B055 at Institute of Political Science and Law (20171004183450).jpg
Lanzhou BRT

For long-distance buses, there are three major bus stations in the urban area, West Bus Station [77] in Xiaoxihu neighbourhood, East Bus Station [78] near Lanzhou Station and South Bus Station [79] near G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway terminus. Furthermore, there are a total of 132 local city bus lines. [80] These have their main node station at Xiguan.

Lanzhou has a noted bus rapid transit system which opened in 2013 and won the city an honorable mention at the 2014 Sustainable Transport Awards. [81] [82]

Media

Culture

Lanzhou beef noodles Lan Zhou Niu Rou Mian .jpg
Lanzhou beef noodles

The city is the cultural centre of Gansu. It is home to many different ethnic groups and their respective cultures, but the most prominent three groups are the Han, Hui, and Zang.

Many people in Lanzhou believe in superstitions. [87]

Colleges and universities

Lanzhou is a major center for scientific research and education in Northwestern China after Xi'an. The city is one of the top 60 major cities in the world by scientific research output as tracked by the Nature Index. [8] The city is the seat of Lanzhou University, founded in 1909. The National Minorities Institute at Lanzhou and a branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are also located in the city. [88] In particular, Northwest Normal University has been the key university at the provincial level, which has prepared over 100,000 teachers in schools across the province Gansu.

List

Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor's degree programs are not listed.

National level

Lanzhou University Lzu University (126288191).jpeg
Lanzhou University

Other public institutions

Healthcare

Sister cities

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ UK: /lænˈdʒoʊ/ , US: /lɒn-/ ; [5] Chinese :兰州; pinyin :Lánzhōu

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gansu</span> Province of China

Gansu is an inland province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanzhou University</span> Public university in Lanzhou, Gansu, China

Lanzhou University (兰州大学) is a public university in Lanzhou, Gansu, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tianshui</span> Prefecture-level city in Gansu, China

Tianshui is a prefecture-level city in Gansu province, China, and is the province's second-largest city. Located in the southeast of the province, the city strides along the upper reaches of the Wei River and at the boundary of the Loess Plateau and the Qinling Mountains. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,984,659 inhabitants, of which 1,212,791 lived in the built-up area made of the 2 urban districts of Qinzhou and Maiji. The city and its surroundings have played an important role in the early history of China, as still visible in the form of historic sites such as the Maijishan Grottoes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jiayuguan City</span> Prefecture-level city in Gansu, China

Jiayuguan is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Gansu province, with a population of 312,663 as of the 2020 census. Compared with the 231,853 people in the sixth national census in 2010, there was an increase of 80,810 people, with an average annual increase of 3.04%. Its built-up area was home to 768,274 inhabitants made of Jiayuguan City and Suzhou urban district of Jiuquan City now being conurbated. It is named after the nearby Jiayu Pass, the largest and most intact pass of the Great Wall of China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baiyin</span> Prefecture-level city in Gansu, China

Baiyin is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Gansu province, People's Republic of China. Established in the 1950s as a base for mining non-ferrous metals, its mines are becoming exhausted in recent decades, requiring the city to reinvent its economy. Located around 60 km (37 mi) from Gansu's capital Lanzhou, it is part of the Lanzhou-Baiyin Economic Belt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhangye</span> Prefecture-level city in Gansu, Peoples Republic of China

Zhangye, formerly romanized as Changyeh or known as Kanchow, is a prefecture-level city in central Gansu Province in the People's Republic of China. It borders Inner Mongolia on the north and Qinghai on the south. Its central district is Ganzhou, formerly a city of the Western Xia and one of the most important outposts of western China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport</span> Airport serving Lanzhou, Gansu, China

Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport is an international airport serving Lanzhou, the capital of Northwest China’s Gansu province. It is located 71 kilometres (44 mi) northwest of downtown Lanzhou. It was opened in 1970 and serves as a major air hub for the province of Gansu and western China. There are eight gates served by aerobridges in the terminal. A new larger Terminal 2 is located to the South, adjacent to the existing terminal. The new terminal adds nine aerobridges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jingchuan County</span> County in Gansu, China

Jingchuan County is a county under jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Pingliang, in the east of Gansu Province, China, bordering Shaanxi Province to the southeast. It has a land area of 1,486 square kilometers. The county is named after the Jing River. In 2020 it had a population of 356,200, over 300,000 of whom in the rural area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Honggu, Lanzhou</span> District in Gansu, China

Honggu District is one of five districts of the prefecture-level city of Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province, Northwest China. Although administratively part of Lanzhou, it is not part of the continuous built-up area of the city, and is located roughly equidistant between Lanzhou and Xining. Directly across the Huangshui River lies Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County in Qinghai.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Qilihe, Lanzhou</span> District in Gansu, China

Qilihe District is one of 5 districts of the prefecture-level city of Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province, Northwest China. It is one of 17 administrative districts of Gansu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chengguan, Lanzhou</span> District in Gansu, China

Chengguan District is one of 5 districts of the prefecture-level city of Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province, China. It is located mostly on the southern side of the Yellow River, and includes the downtown Lanzhou. Both the Gansu provincial government capitol and that of Lanzhou prefecture-level city are located within the district. The Lanzhou Railway Station is also located in this district.

The Baoji–Lanzhou high-speed railway is a high-speed railway operated by China Railway High-speed between Baoji in western Shaanxi province and Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu province. The railway cut the rail travel between Baoji and Lanzhou from five hours to one hour and a half. It connects with the Xi'an–Baoji high-speed railway to the east and the Lanzhou–Urumqi high-speed railway to the west. The feasibility study report has been approved by the National Development and Reform Commission. The construction work was expected to start in the first half of 2011, but it actually started in October 2012. The line started operations on July 9, 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanzhou New Area</span> State-level new area in Gansu, Peoples Republic of China

Lanzhou New Area is a state-level new area. It was established in 2012 as the fifth state-level new area and the first in Western China. It is located on the Qingwangchuan plain, around 70 km (45 mi) north of downtown Lanzhou, which is also where Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport is located.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhongshan Bridge</span> Bridge in Gansu, China

The Zhongshan Bridge is a steel truss bridge over the Yellow River in Lanzhou. Opened in 1909, it was the first permanent bridge over the Yellow River. The bridge is one of the most well-known landmarks of Lanzhou. Construction of the bridge began in 1907 and the bridge was completed in 1909.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanzhou Metro</span> Metro system in Lanzhou, China

Lanzhou Metro or Lanzhou Rail Transit is a rapid transit system in Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

Sichuan–Qinghai railway, formerly known as Chengdu–Lanzhou railway during planning and construction, is a railway line under construction in China. The railway connects Chengdu, the provincial capital of Sichuan with Xining, capital of Qinghai, with a branch connecting Chengdu to Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu.

Gongxingdun Airport, also called Lanzhou Donggang Airport, was an airport in Gongxingdun township, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, the capital of Northwest China's Gansu province. It was the city's main airport until it was replaced by the newly opened Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport on 26 July 1970.

The Lanzhou South Ring Expressway, designated G2201, is a 58.743-kilometre-long expressway (36.501 mi) that bypasses the built-up area of Lanzhou on the south side, the capital of Gansu Province. The design speed of the road is 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). Construction started in 2014 and the Expressway was opened on 29 December 2018. The construction cost was budgeted at 11.8 billion yuan.

Lanzhou Shanzishi Church, or Shanzishi Church for short, is a Christian Protestant church located on the bank of the Yellow River in the northeast corner of the Central Square in Lanzhou City, capital of Gansu Province. The church was founded by the China Inland Mission in 1885 and is now the largest church of Lanzhou City and even the whole Northwest China.

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