Kunshan 昆山市 | |
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Coordinates: 31°19′19″N120°59′06″E / 31.322°N 120.985°E | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Jiangsu |
Prefecture-level city | Suzhou |
Government | |
• Party Secretary | Yao Linrong (姚林荣) |
• Mayor | Du Xiaogang (杜小刚) |
Area | |
• Total | 927.68 km2 (358.18 sq mi) |
Population (2010 [1] ) | |
• Total | 1,644,860 |
• Density | 1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Postal code | 215300 |
Area code | 0512 |
Vehicle registration plates | 苏EM, 苏EP, 苏EN, 苏EX |
Website | www |
Kunshan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Kunshan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 崑山 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 昆山 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Kunshan is a county-level city in southeastern Jiangsu province with Shanghai bordering its eastern border and Suzhou on its western boundary. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Suzhou.
There is a strong possibility that the name Kunshan is derived from a hill,but which one is controversial. [2] According to an impacted version,[ clarification needed ] the hill is present-day Little Kunshan (Xiaokunshan) in Shanghai's Songjiang District. The character 崑 (Kun) was the old Chinese [ dubious ] name for the Kunlun Mountains. From it developed the Chinese idiom "a jade from Kunlun Mountains",meaning any "outstanding figure". This was applied to Lu Ji and a hill in his hometown was designated as Kun to commemorate him. [3]
Lou county (婁縣) which administered Kunshan and the area around was established in Qin dynasty. It was named after Lou River (婁江;present-day Liu River:瀏河),while its seat was located in the north eastern of Kunshan. In 507,Xinyi county (信義縣) which hold Lou county 's former seat was separated from the old Lou county. In 535,the old Kunshan county was separated from the old Xinyi county,while its seat was moved to the north of Kun Hill,Songjiang. In 751,the seat was moved to the south of Ma'anshan (Ma'an Hill:馬鞍山;in Kunshan nowadays). In 1724,then Kunshan county was divided into new Kunshan county and Xinyang county (新陽縣),the walled city also was halved to locate their own seat respectively. In 1860,Taiping Rebellions captured the walled city,then the Ever Victorious Army recaptured it in 1863. On 11 November 1911,the local rally announced that both of the counties seceded from the Qing court from then on. In 1912,Xinyang county was merged into Kunshan county. On 15 November 1937,the Japanese army captured the walled city. On 13 May 1949,the CPC controlled the walled city. [4] On 28 September 1989,the county was turn into a county-level city.
Kunshan is divided into several towns and development areas: [5]
Kunshan New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone (昆山高新技术产业开发区, KSND) administering the main part of Yushan functions as the seat of the city, while Huaqiao Economic Development Zone (花桥经济开发区) administers the north of Huaqiao and Kunshan Economic & Technological Development Zone (昆山经济技术开发区, KETD) administers the east of Yushan.
On July 10, 2018, the Jiangsu Provincial Government approved the Master Plan of Kunshan for Urban Development (2017-2035), which is based on the master plan of the Xiong’an New Area. These zones include the Qingyang Port Waterfront City Center, the Duke Creative Park, the Kunshan South Gateway, the Chaoyang Road CBD and the Tinglin Park Traditional Culture Zone—in addition to the S1 Rail Line Corridor. [6]
Qingyang Port Waterfront City Center [6]
Covering an area of 3.4 sq km, the area is located in Kunshan’s city center. Planned as an ecological, cultural and smart area, it will include six zones—a media port, a cultural oasis, an urban lifestyle community, a waterfront park, a futuristic life experience center, and a youth entrepreneurship park. The area is designed to be a waterfront space that will enrich and diversify citizens’ urban life as the most environmentally attractive and economically prosperous hub in the city.
Duke Creative Park [6]
The park is located west of the city’s technology innovation cluster, covering an area of 3.84 sq km. It sits nearby three lakes, two industrial parks, and a town. With the support of Duke Kunshan University, the area will host the Sino-US (Kunshan) Technology Innovation Center and serve as a mixed-used project integrating R&D centers, business services, and an ecological park. It aims to become a global magnet for technology entrepreneurs and innovators.
Kunshan South Gateway [6]
The area is located around the city’s high-speed railway station, with an area of 1.6 sq km. While serving as a transportation hub integrating high-speed trains, rail transportation, and public buses, the area will develop businesses such as office spaces for lease, business services and recruitment agencies. As an open, innovative modern gateway, the area will become an important business cluster in the inter-city economic belt of Shanghai and Nanjing.
Chaoyang Road CBD [6]
The CBD covers an area of 5.55 sq km in the old city center of Kunshan. The area will be furnished with enhanced amenities and infrastructure according to a plan featuring “one ring, two axes, three centers and four zones”. The project aims to revive and transform the old city center into an exquisite and livable model business district.
Tinglin Park Traditional Culture Zone [6]
The zone is located at the foot of Yufeng Mountain, with a planned area of 0.73 sq km. It is designed with cultural and art parks, culture-oriented businesses and ecological and leisure facilities. It will epitomize the natural beauty and cultural richness of the city.
S1 Rail Line Corridor [6]
The line is 41 km long and will be completely constructed underground with 28 stops. The line will pass by all the major zones of the city and will significantly alleviate local traffic congestion. The project will be integrated with the surface transportation system and serve as a strong boost to the city’s renewal.
The area is relatively flat, but there is a gentle slope stretching from the south-east to north-west. The northern part consists of dense polder, while the southern part is dotted with various lakes. The major lakes are Dianshan Lake, Yangcheng Lake, Cheng Lake and Kuilei Lake. The Wusong River winds through the city, while smaller rivers criss-cross it in a grid pattern.
Climate data for Kunshan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 21.7 (71.1) | 26.4 (79.5) | 28.9 (84.0) | 33.3 (91.9) | 35.6 (96.1) | 37.1 (98.8) | 38.6 (101.5) | 39.2 (102.6) | 36.4 (97.5) | 32.5 (90.5) | 27.7 (81.9) | 22.5 (72.5) | 39.2 (102.6) |
Average high °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) | 10.3 (50.5) | 14.6 (58.3) | 20.6 (69.1) | 25.8 (78.4) | 28.5 (83.3) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.2 (90.0) | 28.2 (82.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 10.8 (51.4) | 21.0 (69.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.3 (39.7) | 6.1 (43.0) | 10.2 (50.4) | 15.8 (60.4) | 21.1 (70.0) | 24.6 (76.3) | 28.8 (83.8) | 28.4 (83.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 18.9 (66.0) | 13.2 (55.8) | 6.8 (44.2) | 16.9 (62.4) |
Average low °C (°F) | 1.4 (34.5) | 2.9 (37.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 11.8 (53.2) | 17.2 (63.0) | 21.5 (70.7) | 25.7 (78.3) | 25.5 (77.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 15.4 (59.7) | 9.7 (49.5) | 3.5 (38.3) | 13.5 (56.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −8.0 (17.6) | −6.9 (19.6) | −3.7 (25.3) | 0.0 (32.0) | 6.8 (44.2) | 12.3 (54.1) | 18.6 (65.5) | 16.6 (61.9) | 10.5 (50.9) | 2.5 (36.5) | −2.7 (27.1) | −7.9 (17.8) | −8.0 (17.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.5 (2.66) | 62.7 (2.47) | 86.7 (3.41) | 78.4 (3.09) | 92.3 (3.63) | 198.6 (7.82) | 152.1 (5.99) | 182.3 (7.18) | 101.2 (3.98) | 66.5 (2.62) | 56.3 (2.22) | 45.1 (1.78) | 1,189.7 (46.85) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.4 | 10.0 | 11.9 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 13.7 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 9.0 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 125.5 |
Average snowy days | 2.6 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 6.1 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 76 | 75 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 80 | 79 | 80 | 79 | 76 | 75 | 73 | 76 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 116.2 | 118.1 | 142.4 | 165.4 | 175.7 | 128.8 | 193.4 | 192.5 | 163.3 | 163.1 | 135.6 | 132.6 | 1,827.1 |
Percent possible sunshine | 36 | 38 | 38 | 43 | 41 | 30 | 45 | 47 | 44 | 47 | 43 | 42 | 41 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration [7] [8] |
According to an analysis of the local meteorological bureau, from 1961 to 2008, the annual and seasonal air temperatures were the increasing trends, especially in spring. The total precipitation remained static relatively, however, much concentrated in summer and winter. [9]
The composition of local GDP have changed drastically since 1978. In 1978, the primary sector, the secondary sector and the tertiary sector accounted for 51.4%, 28.9% and 19.7% of Kunshan's GDP, respectively. However, in 2015, the primary sector only accounted for 0.9% of Kunshan's GDP, while the secondary sector accounted for 55.1% and the tertiary sector accounted for 44.0%. [10] Kunshan is also home to over 1,000 hi-tech companies that have helped shape the city’s four economic pillars—optoelectronics, semiconductors, intelligent manufacturing, and RNAi and biomedicine. [6]
The total GDP of Kunshan was 316 billion RMB, [11] the highest of any Chinese county-level city in 2016. [12]
Kunshan is also home to many Taiwanese who have invested over the decades since China's opening up to the world in the late 70s. [13] Kunshan is also known as "Little Taiwan" because of the large Taiwanese community there. [13] In 2020, there were more than 100,000 Taiwanese people in Kunshan. [14]
The Chinese subsidiary of American Megatrends, American Megatrends Information Technology (Kunshan) Co., Ltd. (安迈信息科技(昆山)有限公司), has its headquarters in Kunshan. [15]
Kunshan is the origin of Kunqu, also known as Kunqu opera. Kunqu is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera. It evolved from the local melody of Kunshan, and subsequently came to dominate Chinese theater from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Today, Kunqu is performed in many cities in China.
Kunshan Culture & Art Center, situated west of downtown, is usually used as the venue for considerable local performances and conventions. The center is composed of a performing arts center, a convention center, a movie theater. Its first phase of the project is set in about 17.6 acres of land. [16]
Kunshan is known for its Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs, which are prized for their sweet flesh and fatty roe. Yangcheng Lake, famous for its hairy crabs, is located in Kunshan. [17]
Kunshan is one of the most visited tourist destinations among the Yangtze River Delta with over 20 million visits in 2016. [18]
The 2013 World Cyber Games were held in Kunshan in order to draw in tourism and positive press. [19]
There are two institutions in Kunshan issuing at least bachelor's degree:
The city also hosts a variety of primary and secondary schools, both public and private:
A plan made to construct two metro lines running through the city center was approved by the Jiangsu provincial government. [23] [24] Kunshan is the first county-level city with a metro line. Line 11, Shanghai Metro has been extended to Huaqiao, Kunshan in 2013. Line 11 of Suzhou Rail Transit opened in June 2023.
Yuyao is a county-level city in the northeast of Zhejiang province, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the sub-provincial city of Ningbo.
Anting is a town in Jiading District, Shanghai, bordering Kunshan, Jiangsu to the west. It has 96,000 inhabitants and, after the July 2009 merger of Huangdu (黄渡镇), an area of 89.28 km2 (34.47 sq mi).
Suzhou, alternately romanized as Soochow, is a major city in southern Jiangsu province, East China. Suzhou is the most populous city in Jiangsu, and a major economic center and focal point of trade and commerce.
Kunqu, also known as Kunju (崑劇), K'un-ch'ü, Kun opera or Kunqu Opera, is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera. It evolved from a music style local to Kunshan, part of the Wu cultural area, and later came to dominate Chinese theater from the 16th to the 18th centuries. It has been listed as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. Wei Liangfu refined the musical style of kunqu, and it gained widespread popularity when Liang Chenyu used the style in his drama Huansha ji. In 2006, it was listed on the first national intangible cultural heritage list. In 2008, it was included in the List of Representative Works of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. In December 2018, the General Office of the Ministry of Education announced that Peking University is the base for inheriting excellent traditional Chinese culture in Kunqu.
Yixing is a county-level city administered under the prefecture-level city of Wuxi in southern Jiangsu province, China, and is part of the Yangtze River Delta. The city is known for its traditional Yixing clay ware tea pots. It is a pene-exclave with Changzhou. The city spans an area of 1,996.6 square kilometres (770.9 sq mi), and has a registered hukou population of about 1,075,800 as of 2020.
Longkou, formerly Huang County, is a port city in northeastern Shandong province, China, facing the Bohai Sea to the north and the Laizhou Bay to the west. Longkou, a county-level city, is administered by the prefecture-level city of Yantai. It is located in the northwest of Jiaodong Peninsula and the south bank of Bohai Bay, adjacent to Penglai District in the east, Qixia City and Zhaoyuan City in the south, Bohai Sea in the west and north, and facing Tianjin and Dalian across the sea. With a total area of 901 square kilometers, the city has jurisdiction over 5 subdistricts, 8 towns and 1 high-tech industrial park.
Danyang is a county-level city located on the southwest (right) bank of the Yangtze River, and is under the administration of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu province, China. It is noted for the production of optical lenses used in sunglasses and eyeglasses. Danyang has a total area of 1,059 km2 (409 sq mi) and a population of roughly 890,000. Danyang locals speak a dialect of Wu Chinese, and the city is on the linguistic borderline between Wu Chinese and Jianghuai Mandarin.
Huaqiao may refer to:
Line 11 is a northwest–southeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. Since October 2013, Line 11 serves Kunshan city, making it is the second intercity metro in China after the Guangfo Metro and the first that crosses a provincial boundary. With a single-line mileage of 82.386 kilometres (51.192 mi), it is the second-longest single-line subway line in China, after Line 6 in Chongqing, which is 85.6 km (53.2 mi) long. The line is colored brown on system maps.
Shuyang is a county in northern Jiangsu province. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Suqian. Shuyang sits on the Northern Jiangsu Plains and borders the cities of Xuzhou, Lianyungang, and Huai'an to the north, east, and south.
The Kunshan South railway station is a railway station on the Jinghu High-Speed Railway and the Huning Intercity Rail. The station is located in Kunshan City, Jiangsu, China.
Yangchenghu railway station is a railway station of Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Railway. It is located on the west side of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
The Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge is a 164.8-kilometre-long (102.4 mi) viaduct on the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It is the longest bridge in the world.
Qiandeng is a town in Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. As of 2018, it has 12 residential communities and 16 villages under its administration. It is located 15 kilometers south of Kunshan city and borders Qingpu District, Shanghai on its east side. Qiandeng has an area of 84km2 and a population of about 130,000 people.
Tinglin Park is located in the north-west of Kunshan, China. Because the Yufeng mountain (玉峰山) in this park looks like a saddle, the park was named Ma’anshan Park in 1906. In 1936, it was renamed to Tinglin Park in memory of the 17th-century scholar Gu Yanwu, also known as Gu Tinglin. It covers an area of more than 850 acres.
Kunshan Hotel(Chinese: 昆山宾馆) is the only four-star business hotel identified by the China National Tourism Administration in Kunshan, Suzhou region, China. It is located in downtown commercial district of Kunshan. Kunshan borders Shanghai to its east, Suzhou to its west. Its main building was designed by a company overseas, with 259 rooms on 12 floors and a total area of 33,456 square meters.
Kunshan railway station is a railway station of Jinghu railway. The station is located Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. The station opened in 1905.
Zhaofeng Road is a station on the branch line of Line 11 of the Shanghai Metro. It is located in Huaqiao, Kunshan, Jiangsu. It is also one of three stations in the Shanghai Metro system that is not located in the municipality of Shanghai itself.
Guangming Road is a station on the branch line of Line 11 of the Shanghai Metro. It is located in Huaqiao, Kunshan, Jiangsu. It is also one of three stations in the Shanghai Metro system that is not located in the municipality of Shanghai itself.
Huaqiao is a metro station on Line 11 of the Shanghai Metro & Line 11 of the Suzhou Rail Transit. Located at the intersection of Guangming Road and Yanhu Avenue in Huaqiao, Kunshan, Jiangsu, it serves as the current western terminus on the branch line of Shanghai Metro Line 11 & the Eastern terminus of the Suzhou Rail Transit Line 11.
崑山,府西北二十三里。其西為長谷,亦曰華亭谷,有水縈繞百餘里,為泖湖之上源,故泖湖亦兼谷泖之名。杜佑曰:「華亭縣以華亭谷而名。」陸機臨命嘆曰:「華亭鶴唳,可復聞乎?」蓋其地嘗出鶴也。山之得名,亦以陸機兄弟生於此,取崑山出玉之義