Qidong 启东市 Chitung | |
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Coordinates: 31°52′12″N121°42′11″E / 31.870°N 121.703°E [1] | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Jiangsu |
Prefecture | Nantong |
Area | |
• Total | 1,208 km2 (466 sq mi) |
Population (2017) | |
• Total | 1,115,900 |
• Density | 920/km2 (2,400/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Postal Code | 226200 |
Qidong | |||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 启东 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 啓 東 | ||||||
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Qidong is a county-level city under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nantong in southeastern Jiangsu province,China. It is located on the north side of the Yangtze River opposite Shanghai and forms a peninsula jutting out into the East China Sea. It has a population of 1.12 million.
The center of the city is named Huilong Township. It also has a well-known fishing port called Lüsi town,named after LüDongbin,one of the eight immortals,who is said to have visited the place four times. Qidong's Qilong township was formerly a separate island in the Yangtze called Yonglongsha but now forms a pene-enclave on Chongming Island,most of which belongs to Shanghai.
The area of present-day Qidong was part of the East China Sea until the Han dynasty,when deposition from the Yangtze River began to form islands,notably including Dongbuzhou ( t 東布洲 , s 东布洲 , p Dōngbùzhōu) at the site of present-day Lüsi.
In the Tang Dynasty,prisoners were sent to Qidong and worked on salt production.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period,the first official government,called Lüsi chang,was established.
During the transition period of the Yuan Dynasty and Qing Dynasty,the Yangtze River's main waterway moved northward and resulted in a large area of land loss in Lüsi chang. Lüsi chang was merged into Tongzhou.
Increasing sediment accumulation bordered Qidong with the mainland during the Qing dynasty.
In the first year of the Republic of China,Tongzhou was renamed to Nantong. Later,Qidong was governed by Nantong,Haimen,and Chongming.
On March 1,1928,Qidong County was established with a population of around 330,000 residents.
By November 1989,significant progress was made in urbanization and the Chinese State Council permitted the promotion of Qidong from a county to a county-level city.
At November 16,2021,there female secondary students committed suicide,the current circumstances of three girls are not certain.
At present,Qidong City has 11 towns and 1 township. [2]
There are four distinct seasons:spring,summer,fall,and a mild winter. During the summer,monsoon lasts for weeks,and there is plenty of rain.
Climate data for Qidong (1991–2020 normals,extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 20.3 (68.5) | 24.8 (76.6) | 26.5 (79.7) | 32.5 (90.5) | 35.8 (96.4) | 36.0 (96.8) | 38.3 (100.9) | 37.6 (99.7) | 37.1 (98.8) | 33.2 (91.8) | 27.2 (81.0) | 21.6 (70.9) | 38.3 (100.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) | 9.4 (48.9) | 13.4 (56.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 24.2 (75.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.0 (87.8) | 27.4 (81.3) | 22.7 (72.9) | 17.1 (62.8) | 10.6 (51.1) | 20.1 (68.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 5.3 (41.5) | 9.0 (48.2) | 14.2 (57.6) | 19.5 (67.1) | 23.3 (73.9) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.4 (81.3) | 23.6 (74.5) | 18.4 (65.1) | 12.7 (54.9) | 6.3 (43.3) | 15.9 (60.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.7 (33.3) | 1.9 (35.4) | 5.4 (41.7) | 10.1 (50.2) | 15.6 (60.1) | 20.3 (68.5) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.7 (76.5) | 20.5 (68.9) | 14.6 (58.3) | 8.9 (48.0) | 2.8 (37.0) | 12.5 (54.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) | −7.3 (18.9) | −3.9 (25.0) | −0.7 (30.7) | 6.4 (43.5) | 12.0 (53.6) | 17.1 (62.8) | 16.7 (62.1) | 10.9 (51.6) | 2.8 (37.0) | −3.4 (25.9) | −8.2 (17.2) | −9.0 (15.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60.7 (2.39) | 55.6 (2.19) | 80.4 (3.17) | 78.2 (3.08) | 80.6 (3.17) | 199.5 (7.85) | 137.0 (5.39) | 187.3 (7.37) | 108.6 (4.28) | 68.9 (2.71) | 57.0 (2.24) | 43.0 (1.69) | 1,156.8 (45.53) |
Average precipitation days (≥0.1 mm) | 9.9 | 9.4 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 13.7 | 11.5 | 12.1 | 10.1 | 7.7 | 8.7 | 7.9 | 123.9 |
Average snowy days | 2.3 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 5.8 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 79 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 81 | 76 | 77 | 75 | 79 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 124.6 | 126.3 | 153.7 | 177.5 | 184.5 | 133.7 | 197.2 | 209.2 | 181.4 | 176.4 | 141.0 | 138.8 | 1,944.3 |
Percent possible sunshine | 39 | 40 | 41 | 46 | 43 | 32 | 46 | 51 | 49 | 50 | 45 | 44 | 44 |
Source:China Meteorological Administration [3] [4] |
Climate data for Lvsigangzhen,Qidong (1991–2020 normals,extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) | 25.1 (77.2) | 26.3 (79.3) | 31.7 (89.1) | 33.9 (93.0) | 36.9 (98.4) | 37.5 (99.5) | 37.5 (99.5) | 37.6 (99.7) | 32.3 (90.1) | 27.7 (81.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 37.6 (99.7) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.1 (44.8) | 8.7 (47.7) | 12.8 (55.0) | 18.5 (65.3) | 23.6 (74.5) | 26.6 (79.9) | 30.9 (87.6) | 30.5 (86.9) | 26.9 (80.4) | 22.1 (71.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 10.0 (50.0) | 19.5 (67.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) | 5.2 (41.4) | 8.9 (48.0) | 14.0 (57.2) | 19.3 (66.7) | 23.1 (73.6) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.4 (81.3) | 23.9 (75.0) | 18.8 (65.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 6.5 (43.7) | 16.0 (60.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) | 2.5 (36.5) | 5.8 (42.4) | 10.4 (50.7) | 15.8 (60.4) | 20.5 (68.9) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 15.8 (60.4) | 9.8 (49.6) | 3.5 (38.3) | 13.0 (55.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −8.6 (16.5) | −6.7 (19.9) | −3.8 (25.2) | 0.2 (32.4) | 6.8 (44.2) | 12.3 (54.1) | 17.9 (64.2) | 16.5 (61.7) | 11.3 (52.3) | 2.1 (35.8) | −2.4 (27.7) | −8.1 (17.4) | −8.6 (16.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53.9 (2.12) | 48.7 (1.92) | 73.3 (2.89) | 68.1 (2.68) | 77.4 (3.05) | 193.1 (7.60) | 165.1 (6.50) | 170.8 (6.72) | 119.4 (4.70) | 61.4 (2.42) | 57.1 (2.25) | 39.4 (1.55) | 1,127.7 (44.4) |
Average precipitation days (≥0.1 mm) | 9.1 | 9.1 | 10.6 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 9.5 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 7.6 | 116.8 |
Average snowy days | 2.2 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 6 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 77 | 77 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 79 | 74 | 76 | 74 | 79 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 140.0 | 142.0 | 170.7 | 195.4 | 205.1 | 161.5 | 215.2 | 231.2 | 197.7 | 192.6 | 155.7 | 152.8 | 2,159.9 |
Percent possible sunshine | 44 | 45 | 46 | 50 | 48 | 38 | 50 | 57 | 54 | 55 | 50 | 49 | 49 |
Source:China Meteorological Administration [5] [6] |
Qidong is famous for its high school. Students from middle schools in Qidong usually get higher grades on the Gao Kao,China's national college entrance examination. Qidong has five public middle schools:Qidong Middle School,Huilong High School,Dongnan Middle School,Shiyi Middle School,and Lüsi Middle School. Among these schools,Qidong High School is the most prestigious. Qidong High School was established in 1928 and has been one of the best middle schools in Jiangsu province ever since. Over ninety percent of graduates from Qidong Middle School attend first-class universities every year.
People living in Lüsi town (Lusze) speak a different dialect—known as the Lüsi ( 吕 四 话 ;呂四話;LǚsìHuà) or Tongdong dialect ( 通 东 话 ;通東話;Tōngdōng Huà)—from most other residents,who generally speak Qidong Dialect ( 启 东 话 ;啓東話;Qǐdōng Huà). The two dialects are considerably different,and thus they are not mutually intelligible. Because most economical,educational,and governmental activities are held in the city capital Huilong,where Qidong Dialect is prevalent,many residents of Lüsi have learned to understand and even speak the majority dialect.
Qidong Dialect is a dialect of Wu Chinese. Some people consider it similar to Shanghainese,also a dialect of Wu Chinese. It is almost the same as the dialect spoken in Chongming District,which is under the administration of Shanghai.
Both of the two dialects belong to the Northern Wu. However,because of cultural differences between the two places,there still exist non-intelligible usage mostly in vocabulary.
Qidong Grand Theater:Qidong Grand Theater is located on the east side of Jianghai South Road and both sides of Qiantang River Road. It has a 1200-seat grand theater and a 408-seat small theater. The stage process design and mechanical equipment configuration of the grand theater can meet the requirements of various large-scale operas,dances,ballets,concerts,large-scale comprehensive literary and artistic performances while taking into account the conference function. The small theater can meet the needs of various purposes,such as small art performances,small drama performances,conferences,and so on. [7]
Ningqi Railway:The railway is 365 km long,connecting Nanjing to Qidong. It connects the Xinchang Railway and Ningxi Railway,and strengthen the cargo transportation capacity between East China and West China. Qidong railway station has passenger services.
Chongqi Bridge:Chongqi Bridge is a river crossing channel connecting China to Shanghai and Jiangsu Province,located at the Yangtze River estuary. It was completed in 2011. Chongqi Bridge links Qidong with Chongming County and also downtown Shanghai,reducing the driving time from three hours to one hour. Qidong can be reached from Shanghai Pudong Airport within 45 minutes without traffic congestion. [8]
Yuan Tuo Corner:It is China's largest freshwater wetland reserve. The Yangtze River entered the sea from here,and the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea are also Separate here.
Local industry focuses on pharmaceutical production,computer accessory production,and chemical fertilizer production.
Qidong is an offshore engineering &construction hub hosting companies like COSCO,SINOPACIFIC,Specialty Process Equipment Corporation (SPEC),Shanghai Zhen Hua Heavy Industries (ZPMC) Qidong Marine Engineering Company Limited (formerly DAODA Heavy Industry) and several other heavy industry,shipyard &fabrications facilities.
Major agriculture crops produced in the area include wheat,corn,soybeans,peanuts,yams,and cotton. The climate is suitable for pears,peaches,oranges,and watermelons.
Fishing is a major source of income for some rural residents.
The Qidong protest happened in July 2012. It was a violent environmental protest against an industrial waste pipeline. [9] A Japanese company called Oji Paper Company constructed a paper mill in the city of Nantong,Jiangsu. The wastewater from the factory would be emitted to the coast of Qidong. The rumors said that the Japanese company bribed the mayor,and the wastewater was going to pollute the drinking water of Qidong. In 2012,the Chinese have anti-Japanese sentiment because of the Senkaku Islands dispute,and the anti-Japanese demonstrations were breaking out country-wide. About 10,000 Qidong citizens ran out to the street and joined the protest,they crashed the cars and threw stones into the government building. Then approximately 1,000 protestors rushed into government buildings and smashed everything they could see. They also found fine liquors,condoms,and expensive watches in the building. The protest ended after a few days because of government intervention. Riot police were called in,and they stopped the demonstration in one day. In the following days,the organizers of the demonstration were arrested.
Chongming District is the northernmost district of the provincial-level municipality of Shanghai. Chongming consists of three low-lying inhabited alluvial islands at the mouth of the Yangtze north of the Shanghai peninsula:Chongming,Changxing,and Hengsha. Following its massive expansion in the 20th century,Chongming is now the 2nd-largest island administered by the People's Republic of China,after Hainan. Chongming does not,however,administer all of the island:owing to its continual expansion from sediment deposited by the Yangtze,it has merged with formerly separate islands and now includes Jiangsu province's pene-exclave townships of Haiyong and Qilong. Chongming proper covers an area of 1,411 km2 (545 sq mi) and had a population of 704 000 at the time of the Sixth National Census in 2010.
Jiangyin is a county-level city on the southern bank of the Yangtze River,and is administered by Wuxi,Jiangsu province. Jiangyin is one of the most important transport hubs on the Yangtze River,it is also one of the most developed counties in China. With 1,595,138 inhabitants as of the 2010 census,[1] the city is now part of Jiangyin-Zhangjiagang-Jingjiang built-up or metropolitan area with 3,526,260 inhabitants
Taicang is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Suzhou,Jiangsu province,China. The city located in the south of the Yangtze River estuary opposite Nantong,being bordered by Shanghai proper to the south,while the river also delineates much of its northeastern boundary along Chongming Island.
Rugao is a county-level city under the administration of Nantong,Jiangsu province,China,located in the Yangtze River Delta on the northern (left) bank of the river.
Liyang is a county-level city under the administration of Changzhou in the Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China. In 2011,it had a population of about 781,500. It borders the prefecture-level divisions of Wuxi to the east,Xuancheng (Anhui) to the south,and Nanjing to the west.
Changshu is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Suzhou,Jiangsu province,and is part of the Yangtze River Delta. It borders the prefecture-level city of Nantong to the northeast across the Yangtze River. Due to the mild climate and terrain there,it has enjoyed a high level of agricultural civilization since ancient times,and is named after this,for the first character of its name means "always,often",while the second means "ripe". The name of the adjacent county-level city of Taicang means "great granary".
Nantong is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Jiangsu province,China. Located on the northern bank of the Yangtze River,near the river mouth. Nantong is a vital river port bordering Yancheng to the north;Taizhou to the west;Suzhou,Wuxi and Shanghai to the south across the river;and the East China Sea to the east. Its population was 7,726,635 as of the 2020 census,3,766,534 of whom lived in the built-up area made up of three urban districts.
Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu province in eastern China. Taizhou is also a member of the Shanghai metropolitan area. Situated on the north bank of the Yangtze River,it borders Nantong to the east,Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west.
Danyang is a county-level city located on the southwest (right) bank of the Yangtze River,and is under the administration of Zhenjiang,Jiangsu province,China. It is noted for the production of optical lenses used in sunglasses and eyeglasses. Danyang has a total area of 1,059 km2 (409 sq mi) and a population of roughly 890,000. Danyang locals speak a dialect of Wu Chinese,and the city is on the linguistic borderline between Wu Chinese and Jianghuai Mandarin.
Haimen is a district of Nantong,Jiangsu province,with a population of approximately 1 million. It is located at the opposite side of the Yangtze River to Shanghai and is directly north of Chongming Island except for a small portion that forms Haimen District's Haiyong Town. Haimen is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Haimen. Haimen is located in the poorer north Jiangsu region and together with Qidong City,traditionally has one of the highest rates of liver cancer in China and in the world,with upwards of 1 out of every 10 adults in the rural areas dying from liver cancer.
Dongtai is a coastal county-level city under the administration of Yancheng,Jiangsu province,China. It has a population of roughly 1,170,000 estimated for 2007. Out of the total population,about 260,000 live in the Dongtai urban core,others are distributed in the 23 suburban towns and rural regions. With some Yellow Sea coast,it borders the prefecture-level cities of Nantong to the south and Taizhou to the west,and is the southernmost county-level division of Yancheng.
Yizheng is a county-level city under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Yangzhou,Jiangsu province,China,with a population of about 600,000 (2007). It borders the prefecture-level divisions of Chuzhou (Anhui) to the north,Nanjing to the west,and Zhenjiang to the south.
Jingjiang is a county-level city under the administration of Taizhou,Jiangsu province,China. It is located on the northern (left) bank of the Yangtze River,and is the southernmost part of Taizhou City,bordering Nantong to the northeast,Suzhou to the southeast,Wuxi to the south,Changzhou to the southwest,and Zhenjiang to the west. The area of Jingjiang is 655.6 square kilometres and the population was 684,360 at the 2010 census.
Taixing is a county-level city under the administration of Taizhou,Jiangsu province,China. It is located in the Yangtze River Delta,bordering the prefecture-level cities of Nantong to the east,Changzhou to the southwest,and Zhenjiang to the west.
Chongming–Qidong Yangtze River Bridge or the Chongqi Bridge,also called Chongqi Crossing Project,is a bridge across the north fork of the Yangtze River,near the river's mouth between Chongming Island of Shanghai and Qidong in Jiangsu Province. This bridge,along with the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge to the south,forms the last crossing of the Yangtze River before the river empties into the East China Sea. The bridge carries the six-lane G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway,part of the National Expressway Network of the People's Republic of China.
Gaochun District,formerly Gaochun County until January 2013,is one of 11 districts of Nanjing,the capital of Jiangsu province,China. The southernmost of Nanjing's districts,bordering the province of Anhui to the south and west,it spans an area of 802 km2 (310 sq mi),with a total population of 430,000.
Tongzhou District,formerly known as Tongzhou City (1993-2009) or Nantong County (1912-1993),is one of three urban districts of Nantong,Jiangsu province,China. It was a county-level city under the administration of Nantong until July 2009,when it became a district of Nantong. As of 2010,Tongzhou had a population of 1,246,400.
The Nanjing–Qidong railway,commonly referred to in short as the Ningqi railway,is a higher-speed rail line in Jiangsu Province,China. Its common name is derived from Ning,the one-character abbreviation for Nanjing and Qi,which refers to Qidong,a county-level city of Nantong.
Yonglongsha,sometimes translated as the Yonglong Shoal or Yonglong Sands,was a former island in the north channel of the Yangtze River to the north of Chongming in eastern China. It was also known as Yongfengsha and Hefengsha. Prior to its absorption by Chongming,it measured about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) east to west but was very narrow,with an area of about 14 km2 (5.4 sq mi).
Qilong is a township of Qidong in eastern Jiangsu province. The land it occupies was formerly Yonglongsha,a separate island in the Yangtze River delta,but reclamation projects and natural deposition of sediment have joined it to Chongming Island,where it now forms a pene-enclave within Shanghai's Chongming County. Its population was 3436 at the time of the 2010 Chinese census. Qilong's name—literally "opening prosperity"—is a compound of contracted forms of its county and its former island.