The city is located at the Dzungarian Gate[2] (Alashankou in Chinese),a pass connecting the two countries through the Dzungarian Alatau mountains. West of the pass,the port of entry on the Kazakhstan side is Dostyk. Alashankou is 73 kilometers (45mi) from Bole,460 kilometers (290mi) from Ürümqi,and 580 kilometers (360mi) from Almaty.[3] The weather in Alashankou is harsh.[4]
Alashankou is one of China's national first-class ports of entry. The volume of imports and exports passing through Alashankou accounts for 90% of the total for all of Xinjiang.[5] Since 2010,it has surpassed Manzhouli,Inner Mongolia to become the busiest land port-of-entry in China.[6]
Formerly a township-level port commission under the administration of Bole City,Alashankou was upgraded to a county-level city in December 2012. The city governs an area of 1,204 square kilometres (465sqmi),including 12 square kilometres (4.6sqmi) of built-up area,which is divided into Alatao and Aibihu subdistricts. It has a permanent population of 10,000 and a floating population of 30,000.[6]
Transport
The agreement between the Soviet Union and the China to connect Kazakhstan with Western China by rail was achieved in 1954. On the Soviet side,the railway reached the border town of Druzhba (Dostyk) in 1959. On the Chinese side,however,the westward construction of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway was stopped once it reached Ürümqi in 1962. Due to the Sino-Soviet split,the railway link was not completed until September 12,1990. The highway port of entry was opened in December 1995.[5]
The railway networks of the two countries use different gauges (China,like most of Europe,uses the standard gauge of 1,435mm (4ft8+1⁄2in), but Kazakhstan uses the broader gauge of 1,520mm (4ft11+27⁄32in) Russian gauge), so there are breaks of gauge. It is proposed to build a standard gauge transcontinental railway to link Europe and China to bypass these two breaks of gauge. This project was signed in 2004.[7]
Alashankou has again become a major transportation hub due to freight associated with the Belt and Road Initiative's Eurasian Land Bridge Economic Corridor.[2]
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
