{{native name|kk-Arab|قۇلجا اۋدانى}}
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Yining County Gulja County | |
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![]() Yining County (red) within Ili Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang | |
Coordinates: 43°58′38″N81°31′39″E / 43.9771°N 81.5274°E | |
Country | China |
Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
Autonomous prefecture | Ili |
County seat | Jëlilyüzi |
Area | |
• Total | 4,097 km2 (1,582 sq mi) |
Population (2020) [1] | |
• Total | 365,307 |
• Density | 89/km2 (230/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard [a] ) |
Website | www |
Yining, also known as Ghulja or Kulja, is a county-level city in northwestern Xinjiang, China. It is the administrative seat and largest city of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. Historically, Yining is the successor to the ruined city of Almaliq in neighbouring Huocheng County. Yining is the third largest city in Xinjiang after Ürümqi and Korla.
Tacheng, also known as Tarbagatay, Chuguchak or Qoqek, is a county-level city and the administrative seat of Tacheng Prefecture, in northern Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang. The Chinese name "Tacheng" is an abbreviation of "Tarbagatay City", a reference to the Tarbagatay Mountains. Tacheng is located in the Dzungarian Basin, some 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Chinese border with Kazakhstan. For a long time it has been a major center for trade with Central Asia because it is an agricultural hub. Its industries include food processing, textiles, and utilities.
Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in Northern Xinjiang, is the only Xibe autonomous county of China, bordering Kazakhstan's Almaty Region to the west. It has an area of 4,430 square kilometers and a population 160,000 (2000). Qapqal means "the granary" in the Xibe language.
Fuhai County as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Burultokay County, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Altay Prefecture. It has an area of 33,319.38 km2 (12,864.68 sq mi) with a population of 65,600. The county's postcode is 836400.
Habahe County as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Kaba County, is a county situated in the far north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Altay Prefecture. It has an area of 8,179 km2 (3,158 sq mi) with a population of 80,000. The Postcode is 836700.
Qinggil County (Uyghur), also Chinggil County, Qinghe County, is a county of Altay Prefecture in northeastern Xinjiang, China, bordering Bayan-Ölgii Province and Khovd Province in Mongolia to the east. It has an area of 15,722 km2 (6,070 sq mi) with a population of 60,000. Qinghe was the site of a meteorite impact in 1898 and a Mongolian–Chinese border clash in the spring of 1944.
Jeminay County or Jimunai County, is a county situated in the north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Altay Prefecture.
Yumin County as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Mongolian as Qagantokay County, is a county situated in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Tacheng Prefecture, bordering Kazakhstan's regions of East Kazakhstan and Almaty. It has an area of 6,090 km2 (2,350 sq mi) with a population of 50,000. The Postcode is 834800.
Shawan, also transliterated from Chinese to Uyghur as Savan, is a county-level city situated in the north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region under the administration of the Tacheng Prefecture. It has an area of 12,468 km2 (4,814 sq mi) with a population of 200,000.
Toli County is a county situated in the north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Tacheng Prefecture. It has an area of 19,982 km2 (7,715 sq mi) with a population of 90,000. The Postcode is 834500.
Emin County, the official romanized name, also transliterated from Mongolian as Dörbiljin County, is a county situated in the north of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Tacheng Prefecture, bordering Kazakhstan's districts of Tarbagatay and Zaysan. It has an area of 9,092 km2 (3,510 sq mi) with a population of 200,000. The Postcode is 834600.
Yuli County as the official Romanized name, also transliterated from Mongolian as Lopnur County, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 59,399 km2 (22,934 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 100,000.
Jinghe County as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Jing County, is a county of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Börtala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 11,181 square kilometres (4,317 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 120,000.
Koktokay county, also known as Fuyun County, is a county of Altay Prefecture, in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. It has an area of 32,237 km2 with a population of 80,000. The seat of Fuyun County is in Ku Ertix Town. The Koktokay National Geopark is in Koktokay Town. The postal code of Fuyun County is 836100. The county is served by Fuyun Keketuohai Airport.
Nilka(pinyin: Nílèkè) County is a county situated in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 10,121 km2 (3,908 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 150,000.
Zhaosu County, also known as Mongolküre County, is a county in northwestern Xinjiang, China. It is under the administration of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture and shares a border with Kazakhstan's Almaty Region to the west. It covers an area of 10,455 km2 (4,037 sq mi). According to the 2012 census, it had a population of 189,102.
Xinyuan County as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Künas County, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 7,581 km2. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 290,000. The county is served by Xinyuan Nalati Airport.
Huocheng County, as the official romanized name, is also transliterated from Uyghur as Korgas County. It is situated within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and falls under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. The county is located between Yining and the border city of Khorgas, covering an area of 5,466 km2 (2,110 sq mi), with a population of 360,000. There are twenty-nine ethnic groups residing in the county, including the Han and Uyghur nationalities.
Gongliu County as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Tokkuztara County, is a county situated within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 4,119 km2 (1,590 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 160,000.
Tekes County is a county within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 8,067 km2. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 150,000.
Yining County | |||||||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 伊宁县 | ||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 伊寧縣 | ||||||||||
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Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 固勒扎县 | ||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 固勒扎縣 | ||||||||||
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Uyghur name | |||||||||||
Uyghur | |||||||||||
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Yining County (Chinese :伊宁县) as the official romanized name,also transliterated from Uyghur as Gulja County (Uyghur :غۇلجاناھىيىسى;Chinese :固勒扎县),is a county within the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. The county seat is in the town of Jëlilyüzi.
Yining County does not include the adjacent city of Yining,which is a county-level administrative unit in its own right.
The county land area is 4486 km²,with the population of 360,000 people as of 2004. [2]
A larger area (around 4580 km²) and population (400,000) was reported for the county 2000;this decrease and the corresponding increase of area and population for the City of Yining resulted from the transfer of the villages of Dadamtu (Uyghur :دادامتۇ,Дадамту;达达木图;Dádámùtú) and Penjim (Uyghur :پەنجىم,Пәнҗим;潘津;Pānjīn),with 100.45 km2 (38.78 sq mi) of land,from the County to the City in 2004.
Yining County is divided into 8 towns,9 townships,1 ethnic township. [3]
Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | |
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Towns | ||||||
Jëlilyüzi Town | 吉里于孜镇 | JílǐyúzīZhèn | جېلىليۈزىبازىرى | jëlilyüzi baziri | 654021100 | |
Döngmazar Town | 墩麻扎镇 | DūnmázhāZhèn | دۆڭمازاربازىرى | döngmazar baziri | 654021101 | |
Yëngitam Town | 英塔木镇 | YīngtǎmùZhèn | يېڭىتامبازىرى | yëngitam baziri | 654021102 | |
Xudiyaryuzi Town | 胡地于孜镇 | HúdìyúzīZhèn | خۇدىياريۈزىبازىرى | xudiyaryüzi baziri | 654021103 | |
Baytoqay Town | 巴依托海镇 | Bāyītuōhǎi Zhèn | بايتوقايبازىرى | baytoqay baziri | 654021104 | |
Ara'östeng Town | 阿热吾斯塘镇 | Ārèwúsītáng Zhèn | ئارائۆستەڭبازىرى | Ara'östeng baziri | 654021105 | |
Samyüzi Town | 萨木于孜镇 | SàmùyúzīZhèn | سامىيۈزىبازىرى | samiyüzi baziri | 654021106 | |
Qash Town | 喀什镇 | KāshíZhèn | قاشبازىرى | qash baziri | 654021107 | |
Uyghur Uchon Town | 维吾尔玉其温镇 | Wéiwú'ěryùqíwēn Zhèn | ئۇيغۇرئۈچئونبازىرى | Uyghur Üch'on baziri | 654021108 | |
Onyar Town | 温亚尔镇 | Wēnyà'ěr Zhèn | ئونياربازىرى | Onyar baziri | 654021109 | |
Townships | ||||||
Turpanyüzi Township | 吐鲁番于孜乡 | TǔlǔfānyúzīXiāng | تۇرپانيۈزىيېزىسى | turpanyüzi yëzisi | 654021201 | |
Qarayaghach Township | 喀拉亚尕奇乡 | KālāyàgǎqíXiāng | قاراياغاچيېزىسى | qarayaghach yëzisi | 654021202 | |
Ugung Township | 武功乡 | Wǔgōng Xiāng | ئۇگۇڭيېزىسى | Ugung yëzisi | 654021203 | |
Sadiqyüzi Township | 萨地克于孜乡 | SàdìkèyúzīXiāng | سادىقيۈزىيېزىسى | sadiqyüzi yëzisi | 654021204 | |
Mazar Township | 麻扎乡 | MázhāXiāng | مازاريېزىسى | mazar yëzisi | 654021212 | |
Ewliya Township | 阿乌利亚乡 | ĀwūlìyǎXiāng | ئەۋلىيايېزىسى | Ewliya yëzisi | 654021214 | |
Chuluqay Township | 曲鲁海乡 | Qūlǔhǎi Xiāng | چۇلۇقاييېزىسى | chuluqay yëzisi | 654021215 | |
Ethnic township | ||||||
Uchon Hui Ethnic Township | 愉群翁回族乡 | Yúqúnwēng HuízúXiāng | ئۈچئونخۇيزۇيېزىسى | Üch'ün xuyzu yëzisi | 654021201 | |
Other:Central Farm of 70th Regiment (兵团七十团中心团场)
Climate data for Yining County,elevation 770 m (2,530 ft),(1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) | 2.2 (36.0) | 11.3 (52.3) | 20.4 (68.7) | 24.9 (76.8) | 28.6 (83.5) | 30.6 (87.1) | 29.9 (85.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 18.1 (64.6) | 8.8 (47.8) | 1.5 (34.7) | 16.8 (62.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) | −3.0 (26.6) | 5.3 (41.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 17.9 (64.2) | 21.7 (71.1) | 23.5 (74.3) | 22.5 (72.5) | 17.9 (64.2) | 10.6 (51.1) | 3.0 (37.4) | −3.5 (25.7) | 10.3 (50.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.2 (13.6) | −7.2 (19.0) | 0.3 (32.5) | 7.3 (45.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.3 (59.5) | 16.9 (62.4) | 15.6 (60.1) | 11.0 (51.8) | 4.9 (40.8) | −1.0 (30.2) | −7.4 (18.7) | 4.8 (40.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 26.1 (1.03) | 25.9 (1.02) | 27.0 (1.06) | 42.3 (1.67) | 35.8 (1.41) | 31.1 (1.22) | 29.5 (1.16) | 24.7 (0.97) | 17.0 (0.67) | 30.9 (1.22) | 43.2 (1.70) | 34.0 (1.34) | 367.5 (14.47) |
Average precipitation days (≥0.1 mm) | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 6.1 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 94.4 |
Average snowy days | 9.8 | 9.4 | 4.7 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 5.7 | 10.5 | 42.9 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 71 | 71 | 62 | 52 | 52 | 54 | 54 | 52 | 51 | 60 | 70 | 73 | 60 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 147.4 | 159.3 | 212.2 | 242.5 | 292.3 | 300.0 | 319.5 | 304.5 | 265.9 | 220.4 | 144.9 | 131.8 | 2,740.7 |
Percent possible sunshine | 50 | 53 | 56 | 59 | 64 | 65 | 69 | 72 | 73 | 66 | 51 | 48 | 61 |
Source:China Meteorological Administration [4] [5] |
The territories were inhabited by Turkic tribes from early history. The name Kuldga was first mentioned at the period of Turkik Khanate. When the Uyghur tribes,led by Pen Tekin,left to the west,part of the Yaglakar tribe,which was part of the Uyghur tribal union,left with them.
Chagatai Khan,the son of Genghis Khan,placed the capital of his possessions here. These lands were ruled by the Dzungar until they were conquered in the middle of the 18th century by the Qing during the so-called third Oirat-Manchu war. [6] For a long time,Gulja was the de facto administrative and military capital of Qing Xinjiang (literally "New Frontiers"). The county was created in 1888 and was originally known as Ningyuan (宁远;寧遠;Níngyuǎn) County. It received its present name in 1914. [7]
In 1952,the city of Yining was separated from Yining County into a separate county-level administrative unit. [8]