政制及內地事務局 | |
Agency overview | |
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Formed | 2007 |
Headquarters | 12/F and 13/F, East Wing, Central Government Offices, 2 Tim Mei Avenue, Tamar, Hong Kong |
Minister responsible | |
Deputy Minister responsible |
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Agency executive |
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Parent agency | Chief Secretary for Administration |
Website | www.cmab.gov.hk |
Politics and government of Hong Kong |
Related topics Hong Kongportal |
Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau | |||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 政制及內地事務局 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 政制及内地事务局 | ||||||||||||
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The Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau is a ministerial-level policy bureaux of the Government of Hong Kong responsible for the implementation of the Basic Law,including electoral matters and promotion of equal opportunities and privacy protection. [1] The bureau also functions as the intermediary between the HKSAR Government and the Central People's Government and other Mainland authorities under the principles of "One Country,Two Systems", [2] including the coordination of liaison between the HKSAR Government and Central authorities,promoting regional co-operation initiatives between Hong Kong and the Mainland,and overseeing the operation of offices of the HKSAR Government on the Mainland. [1]
The bureau is headed by the Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs,Mr Erick Tsang.
The former Constitutional Affairs Branch was formed by a reorganisation of the Government Secretariat in 1989. Upon the handover on 1 July 1997,the Branch was renamed the Constitutional Affairs Bureau. Under Donald Tsang's re-organisation of the Government Secretariat in 2007,the Bureau was renamed the Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau to reflect the Bureau's portfolio for coordination of the HKSAR’s relationship with the Mainland. In the re-organisation,the Bureau was also assigned portfolios relating to human rights and access to information as guaranteed in the Basic Law. [3]
The Bureau has been responsible for Hong Kong's electoral reforms. Since the 1994 electoral reform,the Secretary for Constitutional Affairs has represented the Government in moving government bills for amending electoral laws in the Legislative Council. Pursuant to the last electoral reform sparked by amendment of Annexes I and II of the Basic Law by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on 31 March 2021,the Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau introduced the Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021 to the Legislative Council to amend local legislations accordingly. [4] The Bureau released the Green Paper on Constitutional Development in July 2007 for public consultation on the options,roadmap and timetable for implementing universal suffrage for Chief Executive elections and Legislative Council elections. [5]
The Bureau has also set up offices in the Mainland and Taiwan,including the Beijing Office of the HKSAR Government,Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices on the Mainland and the Hong Kong Economic,Trade and Cultural Office in Taipei. [6]
In October 2020,Apple Daily reported that the agency had ordered government departments to report any public sightings of the Republic of China flag,and to remove the flags when the public or media are not around. [7]
In April 2022,the department revealed it had spent more than HK$16,000,000 on publicity to promote the 2021 Hong Kong electoral changes. [8]
In May 2023, Hong Kong Free Press released an article,which discovered that the CMAB had funded the Equal Opportunities (Sexual Orientation) Funding Scheme since 2003,with some of the money going to groups that promoted changes to sexual orientation. [9]
In May 2023,the CMAB submitted proposals to forbid insulting the Hong Kong flag,both in real life and on the internet. [10]
The following are agencies which are related to this bureau. [11]
The Registration and Electoral Office (REO) (Chinese :選舉事務處) [12] is a department under the jurisdiction of the Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau of the Hong Kong Government. [13] It is also an administrative support organisation of the Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC), which assists the implementation of the statutory rights under the Electoral Affairs Commission Ordinance. [14]
The REO assists members of the public to register as electors, dividing constituencies, and formulating electoral regulations and guidelines for election activities. The elections of Chief Executive, Election Committee, Legislative Council and District Council are all managed by the office. [15] However, the REO is a logistics department and has no decision-making power on the electoral policy as the decision-making power is vested in the EAC.
The REO is headed by the Chief Electoral Officer (CEO), who is assisted by the Principal Electoral Officers (PEO) and the Chief Systems Manager (CSM). The head office is at the Treasury Building in Cheung Sha Wan, with several other divisions at the Millennium City in Kwun Tong and Kowloonbay International Trade & Exhibition Centre in Kowloon Bay. [16]Eligible residents may submit an application for new voter registration, and registered voters may report on change of registration particulars at any time of the year. However, electors who wish to have their registration processed or their information updated in the same cycle or to be listed in the final registers, they must submit their application forms to the Registration and Electoral Office on or before the statutory deadlines.
Type of Application | Statutory Deadlines | |
New Voter Registration | District Council Election year (e.g. 2023): | 2 July |
Non District Council Election year (e.g. 2020, 2021 & 2022): | 2 May | |
Report on Change of Particulars by an Elector | District Council Election year (e.g. 2023): | 2 June |
Non District Council Election year (e.g. 2020, 2021 & 2022): | 2 April |
Hong Kong has seen a major surge in voter registrations, particularly among young people. Nearly 386,000 people have registered to vote in the past year, a record high since the handover of Hong Kong. [17] The Registration & Elector Office updates and publishes the Final Registers every year. [18]
Year | No. of Electors in the Final Registers | Changes (YoY%) |
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2020 | 4,466,944 [19] | 8.08% |
2019 | 4,132,977 [20] | 8.35% |
2018 | 3,814,318 | 0.24% |
2017 | 3,805,069 | 0.69% |
2016 | 3,779,085 | 2.30% |
2015 | 3,693,942 | 5.31% |
2014 | 3,507,786 | 1.05% |
2013 | 3,471,423 | 0.15% |
2012 | 3,466,201 | -2.65% |
2011 | 3,560,535 | 3.76% |
2010 | 3,431,592 | 1.73% |
2009 | 3,373,342 | 0.04% |
2008 | 3,372,007 | 2.31% |
2007 | 3,295,826 | 3.45% |
2006 | 3,185,927 | -0.92% |
2005 | 3,215,522 | 0.26% |
2004 | 3,207,227 | 7.86% |
2003 | 2,973,612 | 2.20% |
2002 | 2,909,594 | -3.25% |
2001 | 3,007,244 |
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, commonly known as the Hong Kong Government or HKSAR Government, is the executive authorities of Hong Kong. It was formed on 1 July 1997 in accordance with the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1983, an international treaty lodged at the United Nations. This government replaced the former British Hong Kong Government (1842–1997). The Chief Executive and the principal officials, nominated by the chief executive, are appointed by the State Council of the People's Republic of China. The Government Secretariat is headed by the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, who is the most senior principal official of the Government. The Chief Secretary and the other secretaries jointly oversee the administration of Hong Kong, give advice to the Chief Executive as members of the Executive Council, and are accountable for their actions and policies to the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council.
The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is the representative of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and head of the Government of Hong Kong. The position was created to replace the office of governor of Hong Kong, the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom during British rule. The office, stipulated by the Hong Kong Basic Law, formally came into being on 1 July 1997 with the handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China.
The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (LegCo) is the unicameral legislature of Hong Kong. It sits under China's "one country, two systems" constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Hong Kong's hybrid representative democracy, though popular representation in the legislature has diminished significantly in recent years, along with its political diversity.
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The Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs is the head of the Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau in Government of Hong Kong, which is responsible for promoting the Basic Law, constitutional affairs, electoral development, and coordinate liaison between the Hong Kong government and the relevant mainland China authorities, as well as to promote various regional cooperation initiatives between Hong Kong and the mainland. Prior to 2007, this post was known as the Secretary for Constitutional Affairs.
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The Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) is the body, established under the Electoral Affairs Commission Ordinance, that oversees electoral matters in Hong Kong. Its main functions include considering or reviewing the boundaries of Legislative Council geographical constituencies and constituencies of the 18 District Councils for the purpose of making recommendations, and overseeing the conduct and supervision of elections and regulating the procedures at an election. It is also responsible for supervision of the registration of electors and the promotional activities relating to registration.
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Voter Registration Division, Information Technology Management Unit, Elections Division 2 and Administration Division 12 & 13/F Kowloonbay International Trade and Exhibition Centre, 1 Trademart Drive, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong