Thelymitra dedmaniarum

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Cinnamon sun orchid
Thelymitra dedmaniarum - Cinnamon Sun Orchid (4625193999).jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Thelymitra
Species:
T. dedmaniarum
Binomial name
Thelymitra dedmaniarum

Thelymitra dedmaniarum, commonly called the cinnamon sun orchid, [2] is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single flat, leathery leaf and up to fifteen cinnamon scented, golden yellow flowers. It is a rare orchid with a restricted distribution.

Contents

Description

Thelymitra dedmaniarum is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single flat, leathery, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaf 70–180 mm (3–7 in) long and 30–50 mm (1–2 in) wide. Between two and fifteen golden yellow flowers often with a reddish brown centre, 40–50 mm (1.6–2.0 in) wide are borne on a flowering stem 250–500 mm (10–20 in) tall. The sepals and petals are 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) long and 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. The column is yellow or orange, 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide and has broad wings with teeth on its edges. The lobe on the top of the anther has a club-like lobe on its top. Flowering occurs in November and December. The flowers are cinnamon scented, insect pollinated and open freely on warm days. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Taxonomy and naming

Thelymitra dedmaniarum was first formally described in 1938 by Richard Sanders Rogers from a specimen collected near Toodyay and the description was published in Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia . [6] Rogers published the name as Thelymitra dedmanae but this is an orthographical variant or "spelling mistake". [7] [8] The specific epithet (dedmaniarum) honours Carlotta Maud Dedman and Winifred Hilda Dedman, the collectors of the type specimen. [4]

Distribution and habitat

The cinnamon sun orchid grows in woodland between Red Hill and Wooroloo in the Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain biogeographic regions. [2] [3] [4] [9]

Conservation

Thelymitra dedmaniarum is classified as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife [9] and as "Endangered" (EN) under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The main threats to the species are weed invasion, trampling and grazing by feral pigs and rabbits, and habitat disturbance. [10]

Related Research Articles

<i>Thelymitra macrophylla</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra macrophylla, commonly called the large-leafed sun orchid or scented sun orchid, is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae, and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single thick, broad, leathery leaf and up to twenty five relatively large dark blue to purplish flowers with white, toothbrush-like tufts.

Thelymitra frenchii, commonly called the scarp sun orchid or Jarrahdale sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single long, fleshy leaf and up to three relatively small, blue flowers.

<i>Thelymitra graminea</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra graminea, commonly called the shy sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single leathery, channelled leaf and up to ten relatively small blue, self-pollinating flowers with white, toothbrush-like tufts on the top of the anther.

<i>Thelymitra granitora</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra granitora, commonly called the coastal granite sun orchid or coastal sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single short, curved and channelled dark green leaf and up to eight relatively large pale blue or white, self-pollinating flowers with white mop-like tufts on the top of the anther.

Thelymitra vulgaris, commonly called the slender sun orchid or common sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, dark green leaf and up to nine relatively small, blue to purplish or white flowers.

Thelymitra xanthotricha, commonly called the yellow tufted sun orchid or yellow tufted slender sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, fleshy, channelled, dark green leaf and up to six relatively large dark blue to purplish flowers.

<i>Thelymitra epipactoides</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra epipactoides, commonly called the metallic sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It has a single relatively large, leathery leaf and up to twenty large flowers that range in colour from pink to reddish but have a distinctive arrangement of lobes above the anther.

<i>Thelymitra canaliculata</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra canaliculata, commonly called the flushed sun orchid or blue sun orchid is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, fleshy leaf and up to twenty eight blue flowers with darker veins and sometimes flushed with pink. The lobe on top of the anther is blackish with a yellow crest.

Thelymitra occidentalis, commonly called the western azure sun orchid or rimmed orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Australia. It has a single erect, fleshy, channelled, dark green leaf and up to fifteen blue flowers with darker blue veins and sometimes flushed with pink. The lobe on top of the anther has a wavy, yellow crest.

Thelymitra cornicina, commonly called the lilac sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single narrow, pale green leaf and up to eight lilac-tinged blue flowers with the lobe on top of the anther covered with short, finger-like calli.

Thelymitra psammophila, commonly called the sandplain sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single narrow leaf and up to five yellow flowers with an orange anther and brown arms on the side of the column.

<i>Thelymitra sargentii</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra sargentii, commonly called the freckled sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single thick, leathery leaf and up to twenty five strongly scented, lemon yellow flowers with brown blotches. It grows in arid areas but where it receives runoff during rainfall.

<i>Thelymitra benthamiana</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra benthamiana, commonly called the leopard sun orchid or blotched sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Australia. It has a single leathery leaf and up to ten yellowish green flowers with brownish spots, blotches and patterns. The column is yellow with deeply fringed wings and the lobe on top of the anther has a large lump on its top.

Thelymitra fuscolutea, commonly called the chestnut sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, flat, leathery leaf and up to fifteen or more yellowish green flowers with reddish brown streaks and blotches. The column has broad, deeply fringed cream or whitish wings.

Thelymitra jacksonii, commonly called the Jackson's sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, flat, leathery leaf and up to twelve dark golden brown flowers with yellow streaks and blotches. The column has broad, spreading wings with a wide fringe.

<i>Thelymitra magnifica</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra magnifica, commonly called the Crystal Brook sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, flat, leathery leaf and up to eight crowded, dark golden brown flowers with yellow streaks and blotches. The column has broad, deeply fringed, yellow or brownish wings.

Thelymitra stellata, commonly called the star orchid or starry sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, flat, leathery leaf and up to twelve brown to reddish brown flowers with yellow streaks and blotches. The column has broad, deeply fringed, orange or yellow wings.

<i>Thelymitra yorkensis</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra yorkensis, commonly called the York sun orchid or bronze sun orchid, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, flat, leathery leaf and up to twelve crowded, cinnamon scented, orange-coloured flowers with reddish brown edges. The column has broad, deeply fringed, orange wings.

<i>Thelymitra petrophila</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra petrophila, commonly known as the granite sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single erect, channelled, long light green leaf and up to ten or more pale blue to mauve or pink flowers. It grows in drier area, usually in shallow soil pockets on granite outcrops.

Thelymitra paludosa, commonly known as the plain sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single erect, channelled, dark green leaf and up to ten or more blue to violet flowers. It grows in higher rainfall areas near the south coast.

References

  1. "Thelymitra dedmaniarum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. 1 2 3 Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 251. ISBN   1877069124.
  3. 1 2 Jeanes, Jeffrey A. (2006). "Resolution of the Thelymitra fuscolutea R. Br. (Orchidaceae) complex of southern Australia" (PDF). Muelleria. 24: 17–18. Retrieved 5 June 2018.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  4. 1 2 3 Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 418. ISBN   9780980296457.
  5. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 289. ISBN   9780646562322.
  6. "Thelymitra dedmaniarum". APNI. Retrieved 5 June 2018.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  7. "Thelymitra dedmanae". APNI. Retrieved 5 June 2018.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  8. Rogers, Richard S. (1938). "Contributions to the orchidology of Australia". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 62 (1): 13. Retrieved 5 June 2018.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  9. 1 2 "Thelymitra dedmaniarum". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  10. "Conservation advice - Thelymitra dedmaniarum" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 5 June 2018.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)