Timeline of Mexico City

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mexico City, Mexico.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

• 1325 – Tenochtitlán founded by Aztecs. ^[1]
• 1521 – City captured and sacked by Spanish forces led by Cortés. ^[1]
• 1522 - National Palace (Mexico) construction starts. ^[1]
• 1524 – México Tenochtitlán municipality established.
• 1526 - Santo Domingo (Mexico City) established. ^[1]
• 1527 – Spanish Royal Audiencia of Mexico established.
• 1537 – Mint built. ^[1]
• 1539 - Printer Juan Pablos active. ^[2]
• 1543 – Convento Grande de San Francisco painting school established (approximate date). ^[3]
• 1551 – Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico founded. ^[1]
• 1573 – Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral construction starts. ^[1]
• 1588 – San Ildefonso College founded by Jesuits.
• 1592
  • Consulado established. ^[4]
  • Alameda Central park created.
• 1629 – Flood. ^[1]
• 1645 – Metropolitan Cathedral consecrated. ^[1]
• 1690 – Church of San Bernardo consecrated.
• 1692 – Uprising against Spanish rule. ^[1]
• 1720 – Church of La Profesa dedicated. ^[5]
• 1736 – Palace of the Inquisition built.
• 1752 – Teatro Principal built. ^[5]
• 1766 – House of the Marquis of Uluapa built.
• 1776 – National Pawn Shop opens. ^[5]
• 1777 – Sacro y Real Monte Pío de Animas founded.
• 1778
  • Academy of San Carlos founded. ^[1]
  • La Enseñanza Church consecrated.
• 1785 – Palace of Iturbide (residence) built.
• 1790 – Population: 112,926. ^[6]

19th century

• 1813
  • Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral construction completed. ^[1]
  • School of Mines built. ^[6]
• 1824 – Federal District created.
• 1826 - El Iris literary magazine in publication.
• 1831 - El Cocinero Mexicano (cookbook) published. ^[7]
• 1833 – National Institute of Geography and Statistics established. ^[8]
• 1847
  • August 19–20: Battle of Contreras.
  • September 8–15: Battle for Mexico City.
• 1848 – February 2: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed, ending the Mexican–American War.
• 1856 - Flood. ^[1]
• 1863
  • French troops occupied Mexico City. ^{[1] [9]}
  • La Merced Market buildings constructed.
• 1864 - Maximilian I of Mexico, archduke of Austria, crowned emperor of Mexico. ^[1]
• 1865
  • Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico closed. ^[1]
  • Drogueria de la Profesa (drugstore) in business. ^[10]
• 1866 – National Conservatory of Music founded.
• 1867 - (2ist of June) Porfirio Díaz takes power. ^[1]
• 1868 - La Concordia restaurant in business. ^[7]
• 1875 – Arbeu Theatre opens. ^[5]
• 1887
  • Fabrica Linera (textile mill) established. ^[11]
  • Monument to Cuauhtémoc erected. ^[12]
• 1888 – Posada printer in business. ^[12]
• 1891 – El Palacio de Hierro (shop) in business. ^[13]
• 1900
  • Prison built. ^[1]
  • Population: 344,721. ^[1]

20th century

• 1903 – Mexico City Banking Co. established. ^[11]
• 1905 – General Hospital of Mexico opens. ^[14]
• 1907 – Post office built. ^[1]
• 1909 - (30th & 3ist July) Earthquake. ^[1]
• 1910 –
  • El Àngel monument erected on Paseo de la Reforma.
  • National Autonomous University of Mexico founded, in its modern form.
• 1917 – Excélsior newspaper begins publication. ^[15]
• 1918 – Teatro Esperanza Iris opens.
• 1919 – Academia Mexicana de la Historia established.
• 1921 – Secretariat of Public Education headquartered in city.
• 1928
  • Federal District of Mexico City divided into 80 boroughs.^{[ citation needed ]}
  • Teatro Ulises active.
• 1930 – La Aficion newspaper begins publication. ^[16]
• 1932 – Teatro Orientación founded.
• 1934 – Palacio de Bellas Artes inaugurated.
• 1937
  • Taller de Gráfica Popular established. ^[17]
  • Hotel Majestic opens in the Portal de Mercaderes.
• 1940
  • 21 August: Leon Trotsky assassinated.
  • Palacio Chino (cinema) opens. ^[18]
• 1941 – Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation building constructed.
• 1943
  • Colegio Nacional founded.
  • Tepeyac Teatro opens. ^[18]
• 1945 – Bimbo Bread in business. ^[19]
• 1947 – Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos begins operation.
• 1948 – New Federal District building constructed.
• 1950 - Population: 2,233,709. ^[20]
• 1952 – National Auditorium opens.
• 1954 – Ciudad Universitaria campus built in Coyoacán.
• 1957 – July 28: Earthquake.
• 1960 – Cine Latino (cinema) opens. ^[18]
• 1962
  • Library of the Congress of Mexico established.
  • El Día newspaper begins publication. ^[16]
• 1964 – Museum of the City of Mexico and National Museum of Anthropology inaugurated.
• 1966 - Estadio Azteca (stadium) opens. ^[21]
• 1968
  • October 2: Tlatelolco massacre. ^[9]
  • October: 1968 Summer Olympics held.
• 1969
  • First line of Mexico City Metro (subway system) opens.
  • Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA. ^[22]
• 1971
  • June 10: Corpus Christi massacre.
  • Polyforum Cultural Siqueiros opens.
• 1978
  • Templo Mayor excavated.
  • Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra founded. ^[23]
• 1980
  • Cuestion newspaper begins publication. ^[16]
  • El Parnaso bookshop in business.
• 1982
  • Central de Abasto (market) built.
  • National Museum of Art opens. ^[24]
• 1985 – September 19: 1985 Mexico City earthquake.
• 1986
  • Franz Mayer Museum opens.
  • 1986 FIFA World Cup Final held at Estadio Azteca.
• 1990 – Population: 8,235,744; metro 15,047,685. ^[6]
• 1992 – Supreme Court built. ^[17]
• 1993 – Cafebrería el Péndulo bookshop/cafe opens.
• 1995 – World Trade Center Mexico City opens.
• 1997 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
• 2000 – Andrés Manuel López Obrador becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.

21st century

• 2001 – Pujol restaurant in business.
• 2003 – Policia de Barrio program established. ^[25]
• 2004 – Centro Cultural Universitario Tlatelolco established.
• 2005
  • Mexico City Metrobús begins operating.
  • Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez becomes interim Head of Government of the Federal District, succeeded by reinstated Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
• 2006
  • Marcelo Ebrard is elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
  • Centro Cultural Bella Epoca bookshop opens.
• 2008 – November 4: Plane crash in Las Lomas.
• 2010 – Population: 8,851,080; metro 20,116,842.
• 2012
  • Homeless World Cup football contest held.
  • Mexico City Arena opens.
  • Miguel Ángel Mancera becomes Head of Government of the Federal District. ^[26]
• 2013 – January 31: Torre Ejecutiva Pemex explosion
• 2018
  • José Ramón Amieva becomes interim Head of Government of the Federal District
  • Claudia Sheinbaum is elected Head of Government of the Federal District
• 2020 – COVID-19 pandemic
• 2021 – Mexico City Metro overpass collapse

See also

• History of Mexico City
• Index of Mexico-related articles
• Mexico City's boroughs
• List of heads of government of the Mexican Federal District
• Chronology of the Mexican Federal District (in Spanish)
• Tenochtitlan, 1325-1521
• Greater Mexico City

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN   0824209583.
3. "Mexico, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved July 30, 2014.
4. Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN   9780765682680
5. Maxson 1920.
6. Marley 2005.
7. Jeffrey M. Pilcher (2012). Planet Taco: A Global History of Mexican Food . Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-991158-5. - Read online at Google Books
8. "Mexico". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5t72q98c.
9. "Timelines: History of Mexico from 1810 to 2008", World Book , USA
10. "Growth of Business in Mexico", Overland Monthly, San Francisco, California, vol. 56, July 1910
11. Mexican Year Book. McCorquodale & Company. 1912.
12. "Mexico and Central America, 1800–1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved May 30, 2014.
13. Marroquí 1900.
14. Garza Merodio 2006.
15. "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries . Retrieved March 25, 2014.
16. "Mexico". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. ISBN   1857432533.
17. "Mexico and Central America, 1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved August 20, 2016.
18. "Movie Theaters in Mexico City". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
19. Weis 2009.
20. "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
21. Tom Dunmore (2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN   978-0-8108-7188-5.
22. "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
23. Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. p. 277+. ISBN   978-0-521-00132-8.
24. Alex M. Saragoza; et al., eds. (2012). "Chronology of Contemporary Mexico". Mexico Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic. USA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN   978-0-313-34948-5.
25. Müller 2010.
26. "Mexican Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation . Retrieved March 25, 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Published before 20th century

• Antonio de Solís; Thomas Townsend (1738). "Description of the City of Mexico". History of the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. London. hdl:2027/mdp.39015008857297.
• R. H. Bonnycastle (1819). "Metropolis of New Spain". Spanish America. Philadelphia: A. Small. hdl:2027/uc1.b4841339.
• Abraham Rees (1819), "Mexico", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Mexico", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Town of Mexico". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• Josiah Conder (1830), "City of Mexico", Mexico and Guatimala, The Modern Traveller, vol. 25, London: J.Duncan
• John Frost (1853), "Mexico", Great Cities of the World in their Glory and in their Desolation, Auburn, New York: Alden, Beardsley & Co.{{citation}}: External link in |author= (help)
• Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Mexico". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 3. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802. Mejico
• Albert S. Evans (1870), "Mexico", Our Sister Republic: a Gala Trip through Tropical Mexico in 1869-70, Hartford, Connecticut: Columbian Book Co.
• William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Mexico", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros.
• Emil Riedel (1892), Practical guide of the city and valley of Mexico, City of Mexico: I. Epstein, OCLC   9712451, OL   19370863M
• Alfred Ronald Conkling (1893), "City of Mexico and Environs", Appletons' Guide to Mexico, New York: D. Appleton & Company
• Archibald Wilberforce, ed. (1893). "Mexico". Capitals of the Globe. NY: Peter Fenelon Collier. hdl:2027/mdp.39015061863513.
• Henry Moore (1894), "Commercial Directory: Mexico City", Railway Guide of the Republic of Mexico, Springfield, Ohio: Huben & Moore, OCLC   22498265
• "City of Mexico", Vamos á México, Chicago: Southern Pacific Company, 1896

Published in 20th century

1900s-1950s

• "Mexico City". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
• Robert South Barrett (1903), Standard guide to the city of Mexico and vicinity, City of Mexico: Modern Mexico, OL   7093895M
• Mexico: the Magazine Guide. Vol. 1. Mexico City: W.J. de Lamater Company. 1907.
• "Mexico: City of Mexico", United States, with Excursions to Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Alaska (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909, OCLC   02338437
• Reau Campbell (1909), "City of Mexico", Campbell's New Revised Complete Guide and Descriptive Book of Mexico, Chicago: Rogers & Smith Co., OCLC   1667015
• "History and Description: Special Places: Mexico (City and Valley)". List of Works in the New York Public Library Relating to Mexico. New York Public Library. 1909.
• "Mexico City"  . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 344–347.
• Harold R. Maxson (1920), A Practical Handbook with Useful Information Regarding Mexico City and Vicinity, Mexico City: American Book & Printing Co., OCLC   8753962, OL   7113864M
• "North America's Oldest Metropolis", National Geographic Magazine , Washington, D.C., vol. 58, 1930 (describes Mexico City)

1960s-1990s

• Frieden, Bernard. The search for housing policy in Mexico City. Town Planning Review. 36 (1965)
• "Mexico, the City That Founded a Nation", National Geographic Magazine , Washington, D.C., vol. 143, 1973
• "Mexico City: An Alarming Giant", National Geographic Magazine , Washington, D.C., vol. 166, 1984
• Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan. 1987. The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• La Capital: The Biography of Mexico City, Jonathan Kandell. New York: Random House, 1988 ISBN   0-394-540697
• Peter M. Ward (1990). Mexico City: The Production and Reproduction of an Urban Environment. Belhaven Press. ISBN   978-1-85293-041-7.
• José Luis Lezama (1994). "Mexico: Mexico City". In Gerald Michael Greenfield (ed.). Latin American Urbanization: Historical Profiles of Major Cities. Greenwood Press. ISBN   0313259372.
• "Mexico City: Pushing the Limits", National Geographic Magazine , Washington, D.C., vol. 190, 1996 – via Gale
• Diana Davis. Social Construction of Mexico City. Journal of Urban History. 24 (1998), 364-415
• John Fisher (1999), Mexico, Rough Guides (4th ed.), London, p. 267+, OL   24935876M
• Keith Pezzoli (2000). Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City. MIT Press. ISBN   978-0-262-66114-0.

Published in 21st century

• "Mexico City". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
• David Marley (2005), "Mexico City", Historic Cities of the Americas, vol. 1, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, pp. 247–266, ISBN   1576070271
• Gustavo G. Garza Merodio (2006). "Technological innovation and the expansion of Mexico City, 1870-1920". Journal of Latin American Geography. 5 (2): 109–126. doi:10.1353/lag.2006.0025. JSTOR   25765142. S2CID   201783423.
• Emily Wakild (2007). "Naturalizing Modernity: Urban Parks, Public Gardens and Drainage Projects in Porfirian Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 23 (1): 101–123. doi:10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101. JSTOR   10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101.
• Rubén Gallo [in Spanish], ed. (2009). The Mexico City Reader. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN   978-0-299-19713-1.
• Robert Weis (2009). "Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Bread, and Class Negotiation in Postrevolutionary Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 25: 71–100. doi:10.1525/msem.2009.25.1.71. S2CID   143510225.
• Diane Davis (2010). Urban Leviathan: Mexico City in the Twentieth Century. Temple University Press. ISBN   978-1-4399-0485-5.
• Markus-Michael Müller (2010). "Community Policing in Latin America: Lessons from Mexico City". European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (88): 21–37. JSTOR   25676405.
• Moises Gonzales (2012). "From Myth to Megacity: Transformation of the Urban Landscape of Mexico City". Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. 24 (1): 41. JSTOR   41945785.

In Spanish

• José María Marroquí [in Spanish] (1900). La Ciudad de México (in Spanish). Vol. 1. Tip. y Lit. "La Europea" de J. Aguilar Vera y Ca.
• Artemio de Valle-Arizpe (1939). Historia de la ciudad de México según los relatos de sus cronistas[History of Mexico City according to the accounts of its chroniclers] (in Spanish). México, D.F.: P. Robredo. OCLC   6945299.
• Peter M. Ward (2004). México Megaciudad: Desarrollo y Política, 1970-2002 (in Spanish). Colegio Mexiquense. ISBN   978-970-701-447-3.

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Mexico City, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mexico City, various dates
• "Mexico City", American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection, USA – via University of Wisconsin, ca.1880-1957