Timeline of strikes in 1995

In 1995, a number of labour strikes, labour disputes, and other industrial actions occurred.

Background

A labour strike is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. This can include wildcat strikes, which are done without union authorisation, and slowdown strikes, where workers reduce their productivity while still carrying out minimal working duties. It is usually a response to employee grievances, such as low pay or poor working conditions. Strikes can also occur to demonstrate solidarity with workers in other workplaces or pressure governments to change policies.

Timeline

Continuing strikes from 1994

• 1994–95 Bridgestone strike, 10-month strike by Bridgestone workers in the United States, represented by the United Rubber Workers. ^{[1] [2]}
• 1991–1998 Caterpillar labor dispute, including strikes by Caterpillar Inc. workers in the United States. ^{[3] [4] [5] [6]}
• 1991 Frontier strike, over 6-years long strike by workers at the New Frontier Hotel and Casino, represented by the Culinary Workers Union, one of the longest strikes in American history. ^[7]
• 1994–95 Major League Baseball strike, 7-month strike by Major League Baseball players in Canada and the United States, represented by the Major League Baseball Players Association.
• 1994–95 New Zealand teachers' strike, series of strikes by primary school teachers in Aotearoa New Zealand for pay parity with secondary school teachers. ^{[8] [9]}
• 1994–95 Turkish public sector strikes, series of strikes by public sector workers in Turkey over wages. ^{[10] [11] [12]}

January

• 1995 Cypriot referees' strike, 1-week strike by football referees in Cyprus against violence in the sport. ^[13]
• 1995 Filipino prisoners' hunger strike, 41-day hunger strike by political prisoners in the Philippines. ^{[14] [15]}

February

• 1995 German metalworkers' strike, first metalworkers' strike in Germany in 11 years. ^{[16] [17]}

March

• 1995 Air Inter strike, strike by Air Inter workers in France. ^{[18] [19]}
• 1995 Bolshoi strike, strike by Bolshoi Ballet dancers in Russia. ^{[20] [21] [22]}
• 1995 Canadian rail strike ^[23]
• 1995 Kuwait oil workers' strike ^{[24] [25]}
• 1995 Renault strike, strike by Renault autoworkers in France. ^{[26] [27]}

May

• 1995 Brazilian oil workers' strike, 31-day strike by Petrobras oil workers in Brazil. ^{[28] [29] [30]}
• 1995 Danish nurses' strike, 3-week strike by nurses. ^{[31] [32]}
• 1995 Oregon public sector strike ^{[33] [34]}
• 1995 Spanish doctors' strike, over wages. ^{[35] [36]}

June

• 1995 Beth Hatefutsoth strike, strike by Nahum Goldmann Museum of the Jewish Diaspora workers in Israel after an 8% pay cut. ^[37]
• 1995 Indian telecom strike, against privatisation. ^{[38] [39]}
• 1995 La Scala strikes, series of strikes at the Teatro alla Scala in Italy. ^{[40] [41]}
• 1995 Palestinian prisoners' hunger strike, hunger strike by Palestinians imprisoned by Israel demanding the release of political prisoners. ^{[42] [43] [44]}

July

• 1995 Costa Rican teachers' strike, 5-week strike by teachers in Costa Rica over pensions. ^{[45] [46]}
• Detroit newspaper strike of 1995–1997, over unfair labour practices.
• 1995 PT Great River strike, strike by PT Great River Industries garment workers in Indonesia. ^{[47] [48]}

September

• Liverpool dockers' dispute, 850-day dispute in Liverpool in the United Kingdom.
• 1995 Ugandan medical strike, strike by doctors and nurses in Uganda over wages. ^[49]

October

• 1995 Boeing strike, 2-month strike by Boeing machinists in the United States. ^{[50] [51]}
• 1995 JJ Foods strike, strike by JJ Food Service workers in the United Kingdom over wages and working conditions. ^{[52] [53]}
• 1995 University of Manitoba Faculty Association strike in Manitoba, Canada (23 days) ^[54]
• Weipa Dispute, in Australia. ^{[55] [56]}

November

• 1995 strikes in France, series of strikes against the economic policies of French prime minister Alain Juppé.
• 1995 Full Sutton Prison strike, strike by prisoners at HM Prison Full Sutton in the United Kingdom against the earned privileges scheme. ^{[57] [58]}

December

• 1995 New Zealand air traffic controllers' strike ^{[59] [60]}

List of lockouts in 1995

• 1995 NBA lockout
• 1994–95 NHL lockout

References

1. Kilborn, Peter T. (14 January 1995). "Japanese Tire Maker Clashes With Labor Chief Over Strike". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
2. "Bridgestone-Firestone Strike Is Called Off". The New York Times. 24 May 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
3. Devinatz, Victor G. (1 June 2005). "A Heroic Defeat: The Caterpillar Labor Dispute and the UAW, 1991-1998". Labor Studies Journal. 30 (2): 1–18. doi:10.1177/0160449X0503000201 . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
4. Tyson, James L. (5 December 1995). "Caterpillar Workers Crawl Back to Jobs". CS Monitor. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
5. Cimini, Michael H. (1 October 1998). "Caterpillar's Prolonged Dispute Ends" (PDF). Bureau of Labor Statistics . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
6. Surowiecki, James (13 March 1998). "Caterpillar's Crawl to Control". Slate. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
7. "Remembering the Frontier Strike: 30 years later". Culinary Workers Union Local 226. 30 September 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
8. "NZ primary school teachers on strike". The Business Times . 2 March 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
9. Collins, Simon (14 August 2018). "Teachers' strike today: School's out - All you need to know". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
10. "Turkish civil servants strike for pay". UPI. 20 December 1994. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
11. Thompson, Jennifer (30 August 1995). "Turkish public sector workers strike". Green Left . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
12. "IMPASSE". The Straits Times. 10 October 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
13. "Cypriot referees decide to call off week-long strike". The Straits Times. 21 January 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
14. Lane, Max (8 February 1995). "Filipino political prisoners on hunger strike". Green Left . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
15. "Filipino prisoners end hunger strike". The Business Times . 13 February 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
16. "Germany's Metalworkers End Their Strike Over Pay". The New York Times . 8 March 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
17. Williams Walsh, Mary (25 February 1995). "GERMANY : Metalworkers' Strike a Test for Economy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
18. Costemalle, Olivier (14 March 1995). "Les grèves s'enchaînent à Air Inter, chez Renault et dans les services publics". Libération. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
19. Fainsilber, Denis (29 March 1995). "Air Inter: vers une reprise du dialogue vendredi". Les Echos. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
20. Williams, Carol J. (11 March 1995). "Strike Forces the First-Ever Cancellation at Bolshoi Ballet". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
21. Williams, Carol J. (18 March 1995). "Yeltsin Fires Bolshoi Director but Fix May Be Temporary". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
22. "Bolshoi strike ruled illegal". The Straits Times. 18 May 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
23. "Law Halts Canadian Rail Strike". The New York Times . 27 March 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
24. "Kuwait oil strike to be suspended". UPI. 24 March 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
25. "Kuwait faces oil strike". The Chicago Tribune. 15 March 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
26. "International Briefs; French Workers Strike At 3 Renault Plants". The New York Times. 23 March 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
27. Poncet, Emmanuel (11 May 1995). "La grogne continue à l'usine Renault de Rueil-Malmaison". Libération. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
28. "International Briefs;Brazil Oil Strike Ending". The New York Times. 3 June 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
29. Harris, Ron (24 May 1995). "Oil Refinery Strike Cripples Brazil; Gas Rationing Nears". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
30. "Brazilian oil firm fires strikers". UPI. 11 May 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
31. "Danish nurses' strike declared illegal". Nursing Standard . 9 (36): 5. 31 May 1995. doi:10.7748/ns.9.36.5.s5. PMID   27684116 . Retrieved 27 October 2024.
32. Klærke, Karen (20 June 2021). "Her er de tre strejker i danmarkshistorien, som forskeren selv husker bedst". DR. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
33. "Oregon Union Ends Strike". The New York Times. 16 May 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
34. "25 Years Ago SEIU 503 Went on Strike; Today We Face A New Threat". Service Employees International Union Local 503. 18 May 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
35. "MORE DOCTORS STRIKE". The Straits Times. 16 May 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
36. Mateu, V. (27 May 1995). "Spanish doctors strike over pay". The BMJ . 310 (6991): 1355. doi:10.1136/bmj.310.6991.1355. PMID   7787532 . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
37. "Diaspora Museum Shuts Down After Employees Declare Strike". Jewish Telegraphic Agency . 16 July 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
38. "Major anti-privatisation strike disrupts telecoms services". The Business Times . 20 June 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
39. "Indian phone strike failure boosts state sector reforms". The Straits Times. 26 June 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
40. Rooney, David (5 November 1995). "La Scala workers, boss out of sync". Variety. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
41. "Conductor swops baton for piano after strike". The Straits Times. 4 June 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
42. Horan, Deborah (28 June 1995). "PALESTINE-ISRAEL: Penitent Husseini Joins Prisoners' Hunger Strike". Inter Press Service . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
43. "Chronological Review of Events Relating to the Question of Palestine: June 1995". United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine . 30 June 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
44. "Fifteen Days of Hunger Strike". The Palestine Poster Project Archives. 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
45. "Costa Rican Teachers Enter Third Week of Nationwide Strike Over Pension Cuts". LADB. 3 August 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
46. "Costa Rican Teaches End Strike After Government Promises to Negotiate". LADB. 24 August 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
47. Balowski, James (2 August 1995). "Strikes continue in Indonesia". Green Left . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
48. "Garment giant hit by strike". The Straits Times. 20 July 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
49. "World IN BRIEF : UGANDA : 57 Die as Medical Strike Continues". Los Angeles Times. 24 September 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
50. Glascock, Stuart (13 December 1995). "Boeing Machinists end strike". UPI. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
51. Holmes, Stanley (6 November 1995). "The Boeing Strike: Day 32". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
52. "1995: The JJ Foods Strike". LibCom. 9 March 2006. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
53. Cortez, Jason (15 November 2008). "Up against the odds - The JJ Foods strike, 1995". LibCom. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
54. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/university-of-manitoba-strikes-through-the-ages-1.3832092#:~:text=The%20University%20of%20Manitoba%20Faculty%20Association%20went%20on%20strike%20for,9. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
55. Ross, Liz (1 January 2020). "Defending Unionism: The Weipa Dispute, 1995". Commons Social Change Library . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
56. Lewis, Peter (21 October 2015). "20 years after Weipa, the union movement must maintain that 'line in the sand'". ABC News . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
57. "The Full Sutton prisoners' strike". LibCom. 8 March 2006. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
58. Klassen, Kyle (18 November 2013). "British prison inmates strike to oppose new system of control, Full Sutton prison, 1995". Global Nonviolent Action Database . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
59. "NZ airlines cut schedules to deal with controllers' strike". The Business Times . 13 December 1995. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
60. Phelan, Paul (13 December 1995). "NZ sidesteps ICAO rules in ATC strike". FlightGlobal . Retrieved 13 November 2024.