Tingena chrysogramma

Tingena chrysogramma
	Female holotype
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Oecophoridae
Genus:	Tingena
Species:	T. chrysogramma
Binomial name
	Tingena chrysogramma; (Meyrick, 1883)
Synonyms
	Oecophora chrysogrammaMeyrick, 1883 ; Borkhausenia chrysogramma(Meyrick, 1883) ;

Last updated November 11, 2022

Tingena chrysogramma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae.^[2] It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the North and South Islands. The adults of this species inhabits open scrubland and are on the wing in January and February. It has been collected via light traps and beating shrubs. During sunny days this species has been observed resting on leaves and rarely flies. It is regarded as a rare species and has a possible association with Prumnopitys ferruginea .

Taxonomy

This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1883 using a female specimen he collected in Wellington in December at rest on a fence post.^[3]^[4] He originally named the species Oecophora chrysogramma.^[3] Meyrick gave a more detailed description under this name in 1884.^[4] In 1915 Meyrick placed this species within the Borkhausenia genus.^[5] In 1926 Alfred Philpott studied the genitalia of the male of this species.^[6] George Hudson discussed this species under the name B. chrysogramma in his 1928 publication The butterflies and moths of New Zealand.^[7] In 1988 J. S. Dugdale placed this species in the genus Tingena.^[2] The female holotype is held at the Natural History Museum, London.^[2]

Description

Meyrick first described this species as follows:

Fore wings narrow, deep yellow, base, two oblique fasciae, a costal spot, and hind marginal streak dark purple-fuscous ; hind wings dark fuscous.^[3]

Meyrick then went on to give a more detailed description as follows:

Female. — 12+1⁄2 mm. Head, palpi, antennae, thorax, abdomen, and legs dark purplish-fuscous, apex of tarsal joints ochreous-whitish. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex rounded, hindmargin very obliquely rounded ; deep golden-yellow ; extreme base dark fuscous ; anterior half of costal edge dark fuscous ; markings dark purple-grey, edged with blackish-fuscous ; a rather broad slightly curved oblique transverse fascia from 1⁄4 of costa to 1⁄3 of inner margin, and a second from middle of costa to 2⁄3 of inner margin ; a transverse somewhat narrower perpendicular spot from costa at 3⁄4, reaching more than half across wing, narrowed beneath, almost touching second fascia ; a streak along hindmargin : cilia dark purple-grey. Hind-wings and cilia dark fuscous.^[4]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand.^[1] Other than its type locality of Wellington, this species has also been observed at Waimarino and at Ohakune.^[7]^[8] Hudson states that a duller form of this species can be found in the South Island.^[7]

Behaviour

This species is on the wing in January and February and is attracted to light.^[7]^[8] Hudson also collected this species by beating shrubs.^[7] During sunny days this species rests on leaves and is rarely observed flying.^[7] It is regarded as a rare species and has a possible association with Prumnopitys ferruginea .^[7]

Habitat

This species inhabits open scrubland.^[7]

Related Research Articles

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Tingena ancogramma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the Hen and Chicken Islands, the North Island and the South Island. Adults are on the wing in summer and autumn and inhabit open areas of forest scrubland.

Tingena apanthes is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and found in the North Island. The adults are on the wing from October to December. It appears associated with Leptospermum species and it has been hypothesised that the appearance of the adults of this species imitates faded Leptospermum leaves.

Tingena aphrontis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been collected at altitudes between 3000 - 5000 ft at Arthur's Pass and Mount Arthur. The species lives in open alpine habitat amongst alpine vegetation. Adults of the species are on the wing in January.

Tingena chloritis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the South Island. Larvae of this species feed on leaf litter. The adults of this species are light flyers and are attracted to light.

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Tingena epimylia is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in both the North and the South Islands. This species is similar in appearance to Tingena contextella as it too has a mottled appearance, but T. epimylia can be distinguished as it is smaller in size, slightly narrower wings, and has a more grey appearance and a grey head. This species inhabits native beech forests at altitudes between 1500 and 2000 ft and in particular has an affinity for Nothofagus solandri.

Tingena hemimochla is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North Island. Adults of this species are on the wing from December until March.

Tingena homodoxa is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the southern parts of the South Island. It inhabits open grassy slopes and is on the wing from November until January.

Tingena hoplodesma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the North and South Islands. T. hoplodesma prefers native beech forest habitat and adults are on the wing from January to March.

Tingena horaea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and have been observed in both the North and South Islands. The adults are on the wing in January.

Tingena letharga is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Otago. Adults are on the wing in December and January.

Tingena macarella is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found on both the North and South Islands. Adults of this species are on the wing from November until February. This species is attracted to light and the larvae are litter feeders.

Tingena nycteris is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North and South Islands. This species inhabits native forest and scrubland and adults are on the wing from October to January.

Tingena oporaea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Canterbury. The perferred habitat of this species is native beech forest at altitudes of 2500 ft however it has also been collected in tussock grassland. The larvae of this species are leaf litter feeders and the adults are on the wing in January and February.

Tingena oxyina is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the Otago region. This species inhabits native beech forest at altitudes of between 1000 - 3000 ft. Adults of this species are on the wing in January.

Tingena penthalea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Wellington and the Tararua Range. The adults of this species are on the wing from December until February.

Tingena pharmactis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the Nelson, Tasman and Wellington regions. The adults of this species are on the wing in December.

Tingena phegophylla is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the southern parts of the South Island. This species inhabits native beech forest. The adults of this species are on the wing in December.

Tingena siderodeta is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. This species prefers to inhabit native forest and scrubland but has also been found to be common in cultivated landscapes. The larvae are litter feeders and have been observed in Kanuka and Manuka forest. The adult moths are on the wing from October to February and are day flying but have also been trapped at night.

References

1 2 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia : chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 462. ISBN 978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC 973607714. OL 25288394M. Wikidata Q45922947.
1 2 3 4 John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. 14: 100. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN 0111-5383. Wikidata Q45083134.
1 2 3 Edward Meyrick (September 1883). "Descriptions of New Zealand Micro-Lepidoptera.—III.—Oecophoridae". New Zealand Journal of Science. 1: 525. Wikidata Q106368126.
1 2 3 Edward Meyrick (1884). "Descriptions of New Zealand Microlepidoptera. III. Oecophoridae". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 16: 44–45. ISSN 1176-6158. Wikidata Q63976486.
↑ E. Meyrick (12 July 1915). "Revision of New Zealand Tineina". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 47: 213. ISSN 1176-6158. Wikidata Q63123349.
↑ Alfred Philpott (1926). "List of New Zealand species of Borkhausenia (Oecophoridae: Lepidoptera), including new species". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand . 56: 399–413. ISSN 1176-6166. Wikidata Q110157185.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington, p. 261, OCLC 25449322, Wikidata Q58593286
1 2 D. E. Gaskin (January 1970). "NEW RECORDS OF LEPIDOPTERA FROM MT. EGMONT AND MT. RUAPEHU, NEW ZEALAND". New Zealand Entomologist. 4 (3): 112–114. doi:10.1080/00779962.1970.9722933. ISSN 0077-9962. Wikidata Q105726524.

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[NZIB-1] 1 2 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia : chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 462. ISBN 978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC 973607714. OL 25288394M. Wikidata Q45922947.

[Dugdale1988-2] 1 2 3 4 John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. 14: 100. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN 0111-5383. Wikidata Q45083134.

[Meyrick1883-3] 1 2 3 Edward Meyrick (September 1883). "Descriptions of New Zealand Micro-Lepidoptera.—III.—Oecophoridae". New Zealand Journal of Science. 1: 525. Wikidata Q106368126.

[Meyrick1884-4] 1 2 3 Edward Meyrick (1884). "Descriptions of New Zealand Microlepidoptera. III. Oecophoridae". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 16: 44–45. ISSN 1176-6158. Wikidata Q63976486.

[Meyrick1915-5] E. Meyrick (12 July 1915). "Revision of New Zealand Tineina". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 47: 213. ISSN 1176-6158. Wikidata Q63123349.

[Philpott1926-6] Alfred Philpott (1926). "List of New Zealand species of Borkhausenia (Oecophoridae: Lepidoptera), including new species". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand . 56: 399–413. ISSN 1176-6166. Wikidata Q110157185.

[Hudson1928-7] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington, p. 261, OCLC 25449322, Wikidata Q58593286

[Gaskin1970-8] 1 2 D. E. Gaskin (January 1970). "NEW RECORDS OF LEPIDOPTERA FROM MT. EGMONT AND MT. RUAPEHU, NEW ZEALAND". New Zealand Entomologist. 4 (3): 112–114. doi:10.1080/00779962.1970.9722933. ISSN 0077-9962. Wikidata Q105726524.

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