Tjongkandji

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The Tjongkandji were an Indigenous Australian people of central and western Cape York Peninsula in northern Queensland. [1]

Cape York Peninsula peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia

Cape York Peninsula is a large remote peninsula located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest unspoiled wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognized and preserved for their global environmental significance, but native wildlife is threatened by introduced species and weeds. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Jansz explored Australia as first European explorer on Cape York Peninsula.

Queensland North-east state of Australia

Queensland is the second-largest and third-most populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia. Situated in the north-east of the country, it is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. To its north is the Torres Strait, with Papua New Guinea located less than 200 km across it from the mainland. The state is the world's sixth-largest sub-national entity, with an area of 1,852,642 square kilometres (715,309 sq mi).

Contents

Country

The Tjongkandji tribe were known as a Mapoon tribe, [2] whose lands extended along and inland from the Port Musgrave coast over an area of 150 square miles (390 km2) on the lower Batavia River, extending west of its mouth southwards for some 15 miles, namely from Cullen Point, known in their language, according to Walter Roth's transcription as Tratha-m-ballayallyana [lower-alpha 1] to Janie Creek. [3]

Mapoon, Queensland Town in Queensland, Australia

Mapoon is a town in the Aboriginal Shire of Mapoon and a locality split between the Aboriginal Shire of Mapoon and the Shire of Cook in Queensland, Australia. At the 2011 Australian Census the town recorded a population of 263 and 90% of the town's population was of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent.

Port Musgrave

Port Musgrave is a shallow, almost enclosed, estuarine bay located on the western coast of the Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia.

Wenlock River river in Australia

The Wenlock River is a river located on the Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia.

Alternative names

A band society, sometimes called a camp or, in older usage, a horde, is the simplest form of human society. A band generally consists of a small kin group, no larger than an extended family or clan. The general consensus of modern anthropology sees the average number of members of a social band at the simplest level of foraging societies with generally a maximum size of 30 to 50 people.

Notes and references

Explanatory notes

  1. ↑ tratha was a species of fish while m-ballayallyana denoted 'sheltering underrocks'. This last word was often mistranscribed as 'Tullanaringa' on early maps. [2]

Notes

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References

Walter Roth Australian anthropologist

Walter Edmund Roth was a British colonial administrator, anthropologist and medical practitioner, who worked in Queensland, Australia and British Guiana between 1898 and 1928.

Australian Museum museum in Sydney, Australia

The Australian Museum is the oldest museum in Australia, with an international reputation in the fields of natural history and anthropology. It was first conceived and developed along the contemporary European model of an encyclopaedic warehouse of cultural and natural history and features collections of vertebrate and invertebrate zoology, as well as mineralogy, palaeontology and anthropology. Apart from exhibitions, the museum is also involved in Indigenous studies research and community programs. In the museum's early years, collecting was its main priority, and specimens were commonly traded with British and other European institutions. The scientific stature of the museum was established under the curatorship of Gerard Krefft, himself a published scientist.

Donald Thomson Australian anthropologist and ornithologist and Indigenous rights campaigner

Donald Finlay Fergusson Thomson, OBE was an Australian anthropologist and ornithologist who was largely responsible for turning the Caledon Bay crisis into a "decisive moment in the history of Aboriginal-European relations". He is remembered as a friend of the Yolngu people, and as a champion of understanding, by non-Indigenous Australians, of the culture and society of Indigenous Australians.

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