Townhill Park House | |
---|---|
Former names | Townhill Farm |
General information | |
Status | Completed |
Type | House (now used as a school) |
Architectural style | Italianate |
Location | Southampton |
Town or city | Townhill Park / Chartwell Green |
Coordinates | 50°56′00″N1°21′29″W / 50.9333°N 1.358°W Coordinates: 50°56′00″N1°21′29″W / 50.9333°N 1.358°W |
Owner | The Gregg School |
Technical details | |
Floor count | 2 |
Design and construction | |
Architect | Leonard Rome Guthrie |
Other designers | Gertrude Jekyll |
Designations | Grade II listed |
Townhill Park House is a Grade II listed former manor house between the neighbouring housing estates of Townhill Park in Southampton and Chartwell Green in Eastleigh.
The Manor of Townhill was granted to Sir William Paulet by Henry VIII in 1536 after the Dissolution of the Monasteries. [1] The land was mainly used for farming, and became known as Townhill Farm.
Townhill Farm became part of the Manor of South Stoneham, but was purchased in 1787 by Nathaniel Middleton, who had made his fortune in the service of the British East India Company. He turned the farmhouse into a private home, and the estate became known as Townhill Park. He enlarged the farmhouse, but a fire resulted in a complete revamp of the property in 1793. Then in 1820 William Hallett bought, and lived in the house for 20 years. The property later passed into the hands of the Gater family, who also owned the nearby Gaters Mill near Mansbridge.
In 1897, Townhill Farm was purchased by Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling, for his son Louis (who became the second Baron Swaythling in 1911) while the first baron continued to live at South Stoneham House. In 1912, extensive further modiciations were made to the building by architect Leonard Rome Guthrie, who returned after the First World War to add the music room and a boudoir for Lady Swaythling. [2] The gardens at Townhill Park were laid out by Gertrude Jekyll and were noted for their rhododendrons, azaleas and camellias.
The estate included an airfield, where Gustav Hamel was observed flying a loop-the-loop in 1913. [3] The Montagu Family lived in Townhill Park until the mid-1940s.
The property was sold in 1948. 294 acres (1.19 km2) were sold to Southampton Borough Council for housing, and the suburb of Townhill Park came into existence. Meanwhile, the house itself and the remaining 30 acres (120,000 m2) of land became a school for underprivileged girls, owned and operated by Middlesex County Council. The school closed in 1969 and the building was acquired by Southampton City Council. From 1971, the building was used as a hostel for Merchant Navy cadets, housing 75, until 1984 when the house became a conference centre.
In 1994, Townhill Park House was purchased by The Gregg School. The Friends of Townhill Park Gardens was established in 1997 to restore the gardens, which are now open to the public on four days each year. The house, too, is occasionally open for guided tours. The house is a grade II listed building. [4] [5]
The house is roughly L-shaped, with its outermost faces to the north and west. The original villa of 1795 forms the central portion of the house, [5] including the north elevation, while the west elevation is the Italianate addition from the early 20th century designed by Guthrie. The house has two storeys.
The north elevation is stuccoed and has five bays of sash windows, with the central three breaking forward under a pediment with a blank cartouche. On the upper storey of this central section there are blank panels above the windows, which have moulded architraves with keystones. At ground floor level there is an arcade of three arches, again with keystones. All the windows on the north elevation have glazing bars and wooden shutters. The original doors have been replaced with modern ones. [5]
The south face is similar to the north, with the differences that there is a sundial set into the pediment and the arches on the ground floor have triple-round heads with Tuscan half columns. [5]
As well as the house itself, the stable block is also Grade II listed. The exact date of construction of this building is unknown but estimated to be in the 1830s. It is a two-storey building of colourwashed brick walls and a slate roof. The roof is hipped and has a low pitch. [6]
The estate today consists of a landscaped park of roughly 12 hectares, but covered 324 hectares in 1948. The park contains a woodland garden and formal gardens close to the house itself, including Italianate gardens designed by Leonard Rome Guthrie from 1912 and planting schemes by Gertrude Jekyll dating from 1912/13. [7]
The First Lord Swaythling commissioned Guthrie's design which included significant changes to the house as well as the gardens. An Italianate style was applied to both, with new terraces, a rose garden and tennis lawns being laid out. The woodland dell and arboretum were later additions commissioned by the Second Lord Swaythling after his father's death. [7]
The music room that was added after the First World War is now used as a main hall, and retains its original polished walnut panelling. [2] However most of the other original furnishings and pictures were sold when the Montagu family moved out in 1945. [7]
The music room measures 48 feet (15 m) by 24 feet (7.3 m). [8]
Baron Swaythling, of Swaythling in the County of Southampton, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1907 for the British Jewish Liberal politician, banker and philanthropist, Sir Samuel Montagu, 1st Baronet. He had already been created a Baronet, of South Stoneham House in the County of Southampton and of Kensington Palace Gardens in the County of London, in 1894. As of 2010, the titles are held by his great-great-grandson, the fifth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1998.
Swaythling is a suburb and electoral ward of the city of Southampton in Hampshire, England. The ward has a population of 13,664.
Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling, was a British banker who founded the bank of Samuel Montagu & Co. He was a philanthropist and Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1885 to 1900, and was later raised to the peerage. Montagu was a pious Orthodox Jew, and devoted himself to social services and advancing Jewish institutions.
Portswood is a suburb and Electoral Ward of Southampton, England. The suburb lies to the north-north-east of the city centre and is bounded by Freemantle, Highfield, Swaythling, St. Denys and Bevois Valley.
Townhill Park is a suburb of Southampton, England, bordering Swaythling, Bitterne Park and West End. It is built on land which once belonged to the house which carries the same name.
Swaythling railway station is on the South West Main Line on the northern edge of Southampton in Hampshire, England, serving the area of Swaythling. It is 75 miles 56 chains (121.8 km) down the line from London Waterloo.
Monks Brook is a river in the English county of Hampshire. It is a tributary of the River Itchen, which it joins at a medieval salmon pool in Swaythling. The brook is formed from seven streams that rise in the chalky South Downs, with the official source of Monks Brook being known as Bucket's Corner. Monks Brook drains a clay catchment of 49 square kilometres (19 sq mi). The brook is designated a main river, which means the operating authority for managing it is the Environment Agency, not the local government authorities for the areas through which the river runs.
Bassett is a suburb and electoral ward of the City of Southampton, England. The suburb lies to the north of the city centre and is largely residential, including the University of Southampton's Glen Eyre Halls of residence complex, which houses around 2,100 students. Bassett gives its name to part of the A33 arterial road which links the city centre to the M3, described by Pevsner & Lloyd as "part of the splendid tree-lined route into Southampton from Winchester, London and the north". The highest point in the City of Southampton lies on Bassett Avenue at a height of 82 metres (269 ft) above sea level.
Mansbridge is a suburb on the northern perimeter of Southampton, England. The area is named after the Mans Bridge which spans the River Itchen. For a considerable time, this was the southernmost crossing point of the river, before the construction of Woodmill in Swaythling. The bridge itself still stands and is a Grade II listed structure but is closed to road traffic, having been replaced by a larger and more modern road bridge to carry the A27.
Bassett Green is a suburb of Southampton, which has grown from the original small village of Basset. It remains part of the electoral ward of Bassett. The area is mainly residential, with a mixture of Herbert Collins-designed houses and council built estates known as the Flowers Estate and the Leaside Way Estate. Within Bassett Green are a community centre, Bassett Green Primary School and Southampton Crematorium, as well as several of the University of Southampton's halls of residence.
Herbert Collins (1885–1975) was a British architect, born in Edmonton, London. He designed many of the suburban developments in the city of Southampton in the 1920s and 1930s.
South Stoneham House is a Grade II* listed former manor house in Swaythling, Southampton; the former seat of the Barons Swaythling before the family moved to the nearby Townhill Park House. The building is owned by the University of Southampton, and was used as a hall of residence, part of the Wessex Lane Halls complex.
Louis Samuel Montagu, 2nd Baron Swaythling was a prominent member of the British Jewish community, a financier, and a political activist. He was the son and heir of Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling, and of his wife Ellen (Cohen).
Glynllifon is the name of the old estate which belonged to the Barons Newborough, near the village of Llandwrog on the main A499 road between Pwllheli and Caernarfon in Gwynedd, Wales. The original mansion was until recently a privately owned Country House hotel and wedding venue.
South Stoneham was a manor in South Stoneham parish. It was also a hundred, Poor law union, sanitary district then rural district covering a larger area of south Hampshire, England close to Southampton.
St. Mary's Church, South Stoneham is one of the two remaining medieval churches in the city of Southampton, England. Parts of the building date from the Norman period and the chancel arch is 12th century. The church lies in a secluded position off Wessex Lane, near the north-eastern edge of Southampton and is almost hidden in the Southampton University accommodation campus.
Leonard Rome Guthrie was an English architect. He joined the Wimperis & Simpson partnership in 1925 to form Wimperis, Simpson and Guthrie.
Allington is a small settlement in the Borough of Eastleigh, Hampshire, England, located at the northern extremity of the civil parish of West End.
Shamblehurst, also known as Sandhust, was a manor and tithing within the ancient parish of South Stoneham, now in the modern-day Borough of Eastleigh. It had Allington tithing to the north and Botley and Durley parishes to the east.
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