| Trinucleioidea Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
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| Cryptolithoides ulrichi , a trilobite in the family Trinucleidae | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | † Trilobita |
| Order: | † Asaphida |
| Superfamily: | † Trinucleioidea |
| Families | |
Trinucleioidea is a superfamily of trilobites. Traditionally placed within the Asaphida, it is now sometimes considered its own order, Trinucleida. [1] [2]
There are five families in the super family; they are the: Alataspididae, Dionididae, Liostracinidae, Raphiophoridae, and Trinucleidae
Alsataspididae: Ajrikina, Alataupleura, Araiopleura, Calycinoidia, Caputrotundum, Clavatellus, Falanaspis, Hapalopleura, Huamiaocephalus, Jegorovaia, Jiangxiaspis, Orometopus, Pagometopus, Palquiella, Paracalymenemene, Plesioparabolina, Pyrimetopus, Rhadinopleura, Seleneceme, Sibiriopleura, Skljarella, Spirantyx, Trigocephalus, Yumenaspis, Zacompsus.
Dionididae: Aethedionide, Digrypos, Dionide, Dionideina, Dionidella, Huangnigangia, Paradionide, Tongxinaspis, Trinucleoides .
Liostracinidae: Aplexura, Doremataspis, Liostracina, Lynaspis.
Raphiophoridae: Ampyx, Ampyxella, Ampyxina, Ampyxinella, Ampyxoides, Anisonotella, Bulbaspis, Caganaspis, Carinocranium, Cerampyx, Cnemidopyge, Collis, Edmundsonia, Ellsaspis, Endymionia, Globampyx, Jiuxiella, Kanlingia, Lonchodomas, Malinaspis, Malongullia, Mendolaspis, Metalonchodomas, Miaopopsis, Nambeetella, Nanshanaspis, Parabulbaspis, Parampyx, Pseudampyxina, Pytine, Raphioampyx, Raphiophorus, Raymondella, Rhombampyx, Salteria, Sinampyxina, Sinoluia, Taklamakania.
Trinucleidae: Anebolithus, Australomyttonia, Bancroftolithus, Bergamia, Bettonolithus, Botrioides, Broeggerolithus, Costonia, Cryptolithoides, Cryptolithus, Deanaspis, Declivolithus, Decordinaspis, Eirelithus, Famatinolithus, Furcalithus, Guandacolithus, Gymnostomix, Hanchungolithus, Huenickenolithus, Incaia, Jianxilithus, Lloydolithus, Lordshillia, Marekolithus, Marrolithoides, Marrolithus, ?Microdiscus, Myinda, Myindella, Myttonia, Nankinolithus, Ningkianolithus, Novaspis, Onnia, Paratretaspis, Paratrinucleus, Parkesolithus, Pragolithus, Protoincaia, Protolloydolithus, Reedolithus, Reuscholithus, Salterolithus, Stapeleyelta, Telaeomarrolithus, Tetrapsetlium, Tretaspis, Trinucleus, Whittardolithus, Xiushuilithus, Yinpanolithus . [2]
Asaphida is a large, morphologically diverse order of trilobites found in marine strata dated from the Middle Cambrian until their extinction during the Silurian. Asaphida contains six superfamilies, but no suborders. Asaphids comprise some 20% of described fossil trilobites.
John William Salter was an English naturalist, geologist, and palaeontologist.
Ampyx is an Ordovician-Silurian genus of Asaphid trilobites of the family Raphiophoridae. Species of Ampyx are characterized by three extended spines on the head-shield, one spine derived from each free cheek, and one spine emanating from the glabellum. Species include Ampyx linleyensis.
Gymnostomix is an extinct genus of trilobites in the family Trinucleidae. The genus lived during the early part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, a faunal stage which lasted from approximately 478 to 471 million years ago.
Ningkianolithus is an extinct genus of trilobites in the family Trinucleidae. The genus lived during the early part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, a faunal stage which lasted from approximately 478 to 471 million years ago.
Yinpanolithus is an extinct genus of trilobites in the family Trinucleidae. The genus lived during the later part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, a faunal stage which lasted from approximately 478 to 471 million years ago.
Bettonolithus is a genus of trilobites of the Order Asaphida. It is in the family Trinucleidae.
Onnia may refer to:
Eodiscina is trilobite suborder. The Eodiscina first developed near the end of the Lower Cambrian period and became extinct at the end of the Middle Cambrian. Species are tiny to small, and have a thorax of two or three segments. Eodiscina includes six families classified under one superfamily, Eodiscoidea.
Carolinites is a genus of trilobite, assigned to the Telephinidae family, that occurs during the Lower and Middle Ordovician. Carolinites had a pantropical distribution, and there is evidence that it lived in upper parts of the water column. The free cheeks of Carolinites are largely covered by its huge eyes, except for the attachment of large genal spines that extend downward, backward and lateral and gradually curving further backward. The glabella is slightly bulbous, the occipital ring is well defined, but further transglabellar furrows are lacking. The thorax has 10 segments. The axis of the pygidium is highly vaulted, with a curved spine emerging almost perpendicular to the midline and ending parallel to it and a node on each of the other three segments. Carolinites is known from what are today Australia (Tasmania), Canada (Alberta), China, France, Spitsbergen, and the United States (Utah).
Raphiophoridae is a family of small to average-sized trilobites that first occurred at the start of the Ordovician and became extinct at the end of the Middle Silurian.
Taklamakania is a genus of asaphid trilobites of the family Raphiophoridae that lived during the late Caradoc of Inner Mongolia, China. Like all raphiophorids it is blind, with a headshield that is subsemicircular, carrying genal spines and a forward directed spine on the central raised area, with the front of the glabella inflated and the natural fracture lines of the cephalon coinciding with its margin. It is easily distinguished from most other raphiophorids by the 3 thorax segments. Pseudampyxina, Nanshanaspis, and Kongqiangheia also have only 3 such segments, but all three lack the frontal spine that emanates from the glabellum of Taklamakania species. All other raphiophorid genera have at least 5 thorax segments. Three species, T. tarimensis, T. tarimheensis, and T. xinjiangensis, have been assigned to this genus so far.
Gog is a genus of large, flattened asaphid trilobite from the Middle Arenig-aged Svalbard, Valhallfonna Formation, Olenidsletta, Member, of Spitzbergen, Norway, and the Upper Arenig-aged Dawan Formation in Hubei, China.
Bulbaspis is a late Ordovician genus of asaphid trilobites of the family Raphiophoridae found primarily in upper Ordovician-aged deepwater marine strata of Kazakhstan, China, and possibly Tasmania. Species of Bulbaspis are similar to other raphiophorids such as Ampyx and Raphiophorus, save that the long spine that emanates from the glabella of the latter two genera has been modified into a knob-like or bulb-like structure in Bulbaspis that developed incrementally in the animal's growth. The function of the bulb is currently unknown: one hypothesis suggests sexual selection may have had a role in its evolution in the genus.
Costonia is a genus of trilobites in the family Trinucleidae. The species C. elegans is from the Ordovician of South Shropshire, England.
Librostoma is a subclass of trilobites defined by having a natant hypostome, which is a hypostome that is free from the anterior doublure and aligned with the anterior of the glabella, this is unlike a conterminant hypostome, which is attached to the exoskeleton.
Carinocranium cariniferum is a species of asaphid trilobites of the family Raphiophoridae that lived during the Early Tremadocian of Alberta, Canada. It is known only from a cranidium with a large, keel-shaped glabellum.
Salterolithus is a genus of trilobites of the order Asaphida. It is in the family Trinucleidae and was named after British geologist J.W. Salter.
Trinucleus is a genus of trilobites of the order Asaphida. It is in the family Trinucleidae.
Damghanampyx is an extinct genus of trilobites in the family Raphiophoridae. It has been reported from the Ordovician period of Iran. The name Damghanampix is taken from the city of Damghan in Semnan province of Iran.